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Hassan MO, Tammam SA, Galal HK, Saleh SM, Sayed M, Amro A. Habitat variations affect morphological, reproductive and some metabolic traits of Mediterranean Centaurea glomerata Vahl populations. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04173. [PMID: 32577564 PMCID: PMC7300105 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Centaurea glomerata Vahl is an annual, monoecious and herbaceous member of Asteraceae, found in some localities of different topographic features/habitat conditions along the Mediterranean coastal region of Egypt. This study aimed to investigate some environmental gradients including edaphic and climate criteria on morphological, reproductive traits as well as phenolic and flavonoid metabolites in this species. Three distinct populations were selected. Two of them were located in coastal sand dunes (found in Rosetta region in Egypt); one was located on flat sand dunes, whereas the other grown on sloping ones. Meanwhile, the third population was represented in the rocky hillside of Burg El Arab region. The population detected in the sloping sand dunes showed best morphological and reproductive features, whilst the opposite was true for that represented on the rocky hillside. Moreover, the free phenolic and flavonoid compounds prevailed in the later. The meteorological data revealed that the rocky hillside received relatively lower minimum temperature and higher solar irradiance, while the sand dunes of Rosetta showed more warmer conditions. Light intensity and wind speed were reduced on the sloping sand dunes. The Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) exhibited a clear correlation between most of metabolites detected and the population found on the rocky hillside along with higher solar irradiance prevails. The morpho-reproductive traits were related to climatic gradients and some soil criteria. These results revealed that the changes in micro-topography, that may lead to change in soil and climate variables, is the most important environmental gradient that controls the morphological and biochemical features of C. glomerata. Solar irradiance and/or light intensity are key factors playing a role influencing the measured traits of this species. These findings suggest that accumulation of secondary metabolites could be a biochemical strategy and an adaptational criterion for such species under stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud O. Hassan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, E-62511, Egypt
| | - Suzan A. Tammam
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, KSA
| | - Hanaa Kamal Galal
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Samir M. Saleh
- Central Laboratory for Agricultural Climate (CLAC), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mona Sayed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, E-62511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Amro
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Münzbergová Z, Kosová V, Schnáblová R, Rokaya M, Synková H, Haisel D, Wilhelmová N, Dostálek T. Plant Origin, but Not Phylogeny, Drive Species Ecophysiological Response to Projected Climate. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:400. [PMID: 32318088 PMCID: PMC7154175 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge of the relationship between environmental conditions and species traits is an important prerequisite for understanding determinants of community composition and predicting species response to novel climatic conditions. Despite increasing number of studies on this topic, our knowledge on importance of genetic differentiation, plasticity and their interactions along larger sets of species is still limited especially for traits related to plant ecophysiology. We studied variation in traits related to growth, leaf chemistry, contents of photosynthetic pigments and activity of antioxidative enzymes, stomata morphology and photosynthetic activity across eight Impatiens species growing along altitudinal gradients in Himalayas cultivated in three different temperature regimes and explored effects of among species phylogenetic relationships on the results. Original and target climatic conditions determine trait values in our system. The traits are either highly plastic (e.g., APX, CAT, plant size, neoxanthin, β-carotene, chlorophyll a/b, DEPSC) or are highly differentiated among populations (stomata density, lutein production). Many traits show strong among population differentiation in degree of plasticity and direction in response to environmental changes. Most traits indicate that the species will profit from the expected warming. This suggests that different processes determine the values of the different traits and separating the importance of genetic differentiation and plasticity is crucial for our ability to predict species response to future climate changes. The results also indicate that evolution of the traits is not phylogenetically constrained but including phylogenetic information into the analysis may improve our understanding of the trait-environment relationships as was apparent from the analysis of SLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Münzbergová
- Department of Population Ecology, Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Veronika Kosová
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Renáta Schnáblová
- Department of Population Ecology, Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Maan Rokaya
- Department of Population Ecology, Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Helena Synková
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Daniel Haisel
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Nada Wilhelmová
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Tomáš Dostálek
- Department of Population Ecology, Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
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