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Morla J, Salin K, Lassus R, Favre-Marinet J, Sentis A, Daufresne M. Multigenerational exposure to temperature influences mitochondrial oxygen fluxes in the Medaka fish (Oryzias latipes). Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14194. [PMID: 38924292 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
AIM Thermal sensitivity of cellular metabolism is crucial for animal physiology and survival under climate change. Despite recent efforts, effects of multigenerational exposure to temperature on the metabolic functioning remain poorly understood. We aimed at determining whether multigenerational exposure to temperature modulate the mitochondrial respiratory response of Medaka fish. METHODS We conducted a multigenerational exposure with Medaka fish reared multiple generations at 20 and 30°C (COLD and WARM fish, respectively). We then measured the oxygen consumption of tail muscle at two assay temperatures (20 and 30°C). Mitochondrial function was determined as the respiration supporting ATP synthesis (OXPHOS) and the respiration required to offset proton leak (LEAK(Omy)) in a full factorial design (COLD-20°C; COLD-30°C; WARM-20°C; WARM-30°C). RESULTS We found that higher OXPHOS and LEAK fluxes at 30°C compared to 20°C assay temperature. At each assay temperature, WARM fish had lower tissue oxygen fluxes than COLD fish. Interestingly, we did not find significant differences in respiratory flux when mitochondria were assessed at the rearing temperature of the fish (i.e., COLD-20°C vs. WARM -30°C). CONCLUSION The lower OXPHOS and LEAK capacities in warm fish are likely the result of the multigenerational exposure to warm temperature. This is consistent with a modulatory response of mitochondrial capacity to compensate for potential detrimental effects of warming on metabolism. Finally, the absence of significant differences in respiratory fluxes between COLD-20°C and WARM-30°C fish likely reflects an optimal respiration flux when organisms adapt to their thermal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Morla
- INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, UMR RECOVER, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Karine Salin
- Départment of Environment and Resources, IFREMER, Unité de Physiologie Fonctionnelle des Organismes Marins-LEMAR UMR 6530, BP70, Plouzané, France
| | - Rémy Lassus
- INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, UMR RECOVER, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | | | - Arnaud Sentis
- INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, UMR RECOVER, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Martin Daufresne
- INRAE, Aix-Marseille University, UMR RECOVER, Aix-en-Provence, France
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Chan SF, Rubenstein DR, Chen IC, Fan YM, Tsai HY, Zheng YW, Shen SF. Higher temperature variability in deforested mountain regions impacts the competitive advantage of nocturnal species. Proc Biol Sci 2023; 290:20230529. [PMID: 37221845 PMCID: PMC10206452 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2023.0529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Deforestation is a major contributor to biodiversity loss, yet the impact of forest loss on daily microclimate variability and its implications for species with different daily activity patterns remain poorly understood. Using a recently developed microclimate model, we investigated the effects of deforestation on the daily temperature range (DTR) in low-elevation tropical regions and high-elevation temperate regions. Our results show that deforestation substantially increases DTR in these areas, suggesting a potential impact on species interactions. To test this hypothesis, we studied the competitive interactions between nocturnal burying beetles and all-day-active blowfly maggots in forested and deforested habitats in Taiwan. We show that deforestation leads to increased DTR at higher elevations, which enhances the competitiveness of blowfly maggots during the day and leads to a higher failure rate of carcass burial by the beetles at night. Thus, deforestation-induced temperature variability not only modulates exploitative competition between species with different daily activity patterns, but also likely exacerbates the negative impacts of climate change on nocturnal organisms. In order to limit potential adverse effects on species interactions and their ecological functions, our study highlights the need to protect forests, especially in areas where deforestation can greatly alter temperature variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Fan Chan
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 11677 Taiwan
- Biodiversity Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Dustin R. Rubenstein
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Center for Integrative Animal Behavior, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - I-Ching Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Meng Fan
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Yu Tsai
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Yuan-Wen Zheng
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Feng Shen
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 11677 Taiwan
- Biodiversity Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
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Mechanisms underlying thermal breadth differ by species in insects from adjacent but thermally distinct streams - A test of the climate variability hypothesis. J Therm Biol 2023; 112:103435. [PMID: 36796892 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2022.103435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The Climate Variability Hypothesis (CVH) predicts that ectotherms from thermally variable climates should have wider thermal tolerances than their counterparts living in stable climates. Although the CVH has been widely supported, the mechanisms underlying wider tolerance traits remain unclear. We test the CVH along with three mechanistic hypotheses that may explain how differences in tolerance limits arise: 1) Short-term Acclimation Hypothesis (mechanism: rapid, reversible plasticity), 2) Long-term Effects Hypothesis (mechanisms: developmental plasticity, epigenetics, maternal effects, or adaptation), and 3) Trade-off Hypothesis (mechanism: trade-off between short- and long-term responses). We tested these hypotheses by measuring CTMIN, CTMAX, and thermal breadths (CTMAX - CTMIN) of aquatic mayfly and stonefly nymphs from adjacent streams with distinctly different levels of thermal variation following acclimation to either cool, control, and warm conditions. In one stream, daily mean temperature varied by about 5 °C annually, whereas in the other, it varied by more than 25 °C. In support of the CVH, we found that mayfly and stonefly nymphs from the thermally variable stream had broader thermal tolerances than those from the thermally stable stream. However, support for the mechanistic hypotheses differed by species. Mayflies appear to rely on long-term strategies for maintaining broader thermal limits, whereas stoneflies achieve broader thermal limits via short-term plasticity. We found no support for the Trade-off Hypothesis.
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Wang Y, Tüzün N, Sentis A, Stoks R. Thermal plasticity and evolution shape predator‐prey interactions differently in clear and turbid water. J Anim Ecol 2022; 91:883-894. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying‐Jie Wang
- Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology University of Leuven Debériotstraat 32, 3000 Leuven Belgium
| | - Nedim Tüzün
- Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology University of Leuven Debériotstraat 32, 3000 Leuven Belgium
| | - Arnaud Sentis
- INRAE, Aix‐Marseille Université, UMR RECOVER, 3275 route Cézanne, 13182 Aix‐en‐Provence France
| | - Robby Stoks
- Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology University of Leuven Debériotstraat 32, 3000 Leuven Belgium
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Hammill E, Dart R. Contributions of mean temperature and temperature variation to population stability and community diversity. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e8665. [PMID: 35228865 PMCID: PMC8861844 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Future climate changes are predicted to not only increase global temperatures but also alter temporal variation in temperature. As thermal tolerances form an important component of a species' niche, changes to the temperature regime have the capacity to negatively impact species, and therefore, the diversity of the communities they inhabit. In this study, we used protist microcosms to assess how mean temperature, as well as temporal variation in temperature, affected diversity. Communities consisted of seven species in a multitrophic food web. Each ecosystem was inoculated with the same abundances of each species at the start of the experiment, and species densities, Hill's numbers (based on Shannon diversity), the number of extinctions, and the probability the microcosm contained predators were all calculated at the end of the experiment. To assess how mean temperature and temperature fluctuations affect stability, we also measured population densities through time. We found that increased temporal variation in temperature increased final densities, increased Hill's numbers (at low mean temperatures), decreased rates of extinctions, and increased the probability that predators survived till the end of the experiment. Mean temperatures did not significantly affect either the number of extinctions or the probability of predators, but did reduce the positive effect of increased temporal variation in temperature on overall diversity. Our results indicate that climatic changes have the potential to impact the composition of ecological communities by altering multiple components of temperature regimes. However, given that some climate forecasts are predicting increased mean temperatures and reduced variability, our finding that increased mean temperature and reduced temporal variation are both generally associated with negative consequences is somewhat concerning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edd Hammill
- Department of Watershed Sciences and the Ecology CenterUtah State UniversityLoganUtah84341USA
| | - Riley Dart
- Department of Watershed Sciences and the Ecology CenterUtah State UniversityLoganUtah84341USA
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Sentis A, Veselý L, Let M, Musil M, Malinovska V, Kouba A. Short-term thermal acclimation modulates predator functional response. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e8631. [PMID: 35222981 PMCID: PMC8855023 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenotypic plastic responses to temperature can modulate the kinetic effects of temperature on biological rates and traits and thus play an important role for species adaptation to climate change. However, there is little information on how these plastic responses to temperature can influence trophic interactions. Here, we conducted an experiment using marbled crayfish and their water louse prey to investigate how short-term thermal acclimation at two temperatures (16 and 24°C) modulates the predator functional response. We found that both functional response parameters (search rate and handling time) differed between the two experimental temperatures. However, the sign and magnitudes of these differences strongly depended on acclimation time. Acclimation to 16°C increased handling time and search rate whereas acclimation to 24°C leads to the opposite effects with shorter handling time and lower search rate for acclimated predators. Moreover, the strength of these effects increased with acclimation time so that the differences in search rate and handing time between the two temperatures were reversed between the treatment without acclimation and after 24 h of acclimation. Overall, we found that the magnitude of the acclimation effects can be as strong as the direct kinetic effects of temperature. Our study highlights the importance of taking into account short-term thermal plasticity to improve our understanding of the potential consequences of global warming on species interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Sentis
- INRAEAix Marseille UniversityUMR RECOVERAix‐en‐ProvenceFrance
| | - Lukas Veselý
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of WatersSouth Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of HydrocenosesUniversity of South Bohemia in České BudějoviceVodňanyCzech Republic
| | - Marek Let
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of WatersSouth Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of HydrocenosesUniversity of South Bohemia in České BudějoviceVodňanyCzech Republic
| | - Martin Musil
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of WatersSouth Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of HydrocenosesUniversity of South Bohemia in České BudějoviceVodňanyCzech Republic
| | - Viktoriia Malinovska
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of WatersSouth Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of HydrocenosesUniversity of South Bohemia in České BudějoviceVodňanyCzech Republic
| | - Antonín Kouba
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of WatersSouth Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of HydrocenosesUniversity of South Bohemia in České BudějoviceVodňanyCzech Republic
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Wang Y, Sentis A, Tüzün N, Stoks R. Thermal evolution ameliorates the long‐term plastic effects of warming, temperature fluctuations and heat waves on predator–prey interaction strength. Funct Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying‐Jie Wang
- Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology University of Leuven Leuven Belgium
| | - Arnaud Sentis
- INRAE, Aix‐Marseille Université, UMR RECOVER Aix‐en‐Provence France
| | - Nedim Tüzün
- Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology University of Leuven Leuven Belgium
| | - Robby Stoks
- Evolutionary Stress Ecology and Ecotoxicology University of Leuven Leuven Belgium
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