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Bernard C, Santos GS, Deere JA, Rodriguez-Caro R, Capdevila P, Kusch E, Gascoigne SJL, Jackson J, Salguero-Gómez R. MOSAIC - A Unified Trait Database to Complement Structured Population Models. Sci Data 2023; 10:335. [PMID: 37264011 PMCID: PMC10235418 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02070-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite exponential growth in ecological data availability, broader interoperability amongst datasets is needed to unlock the potential of open access. Our understanding of the interface of demography and functional traits is well-positioned to benefit from such interoperability. Here, we introduce MOSAIC, an open-access trait database that unlocks the demographic potential stored in the COMADRE, COMPADRE, and PADRINO open-access databases. MOSAIC data were digitised and curated through a combination of existing datasets and new trait records sourced from primary literature. In its first release, MOSAIC (v. 1.0.0) includes 14 trait fields for 300 animal and plant species: biomass, height, growth determination, regeneration, sexual dimorphism, mating system, hermaphrodism, sequential hermaphrodism, dispersal capacity, type of dispersal, mode of dispersal, dispersal classes, volancy, and aquatic habitat dependency. MOSAIC includes species-level phylogenies for 1,359 species and population-specific climate data. We identify how database integration can improve our understanding of traits well-quantified in existing repositories and those that are poorly quantified (e.g., growth determination, modularity). MOSAIC highlights emerging challenges associated with standardising databases and demographic measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor Bernard
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, 11a Mansfield Rd, OX13SZ, Oxford, United Kingdom.
| | - Gabriel Silva Santos
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, 11a Mansfield Rd, OX13SZ, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Ecology, Rio de Janeiro State University, 20550-900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Institute of the Atlantic Forest (INMA), 29650-000, Santa Teresa, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Jacques A Deere
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, 11a Mansfield Rd, OX13SZ, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Evolutionary and Population Biology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, 1012 WX, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Roberto Rodriguez-Caro
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, 11a Mansfield Rd, OX13SZ, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Departamento de Biología Aplicada, Universidad Miguel Hernández. Av. Universidad, s/n, 03202, Elche (Alicante), Spain
| | - Pol Capdevila
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, 11a Mansfield Rd, OX13SZ, Oxford, United Kingdom
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, 24 Tyndall Ave, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, United Kingdom
| | - Erik Kusch
- Center for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing World (BIOCHANGE), Arhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Section for Ecoinformatics & Biodiversity, Department of Biology, Arhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Samuel J L Gascoigne
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, 11a Mansfield Rd, OX13SZ, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - John Jackson
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, 11a Mansfield Rd, OX13SZ, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Roberto Salguero-Gómez
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, 11a Mansfield Rd, OX13SZ, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Evolutionary Demography Laboratory, Max Plank Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany
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2
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Fudickar AM, Jahn AE, Ketterson ED. Animal Migration: An Overview of One of Nature's Great Spectacles. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECOLOGY, EVOLUTION, AND SYSTEMATICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012021-031035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The twenty-first century has witnessed an explosion in research on animal migration, in large part due to a technological revolution in tracking and remote-sensing technologies, along with advances in genomics and integrative biology. We now have access to unprecedented amounts of data on when, where, and how animals migrate across various continents and oceans. Among the important advancements, recent studies have uncovered a surprising level of variation in migratory trajectories at the species and population levels with implications for both speciation and the conservation of migratory populations. At the organismal level, studies linking molecular and physiological mechanisms to traits that support migration have revealed a remarkable amount of seasonal flexibility in many migratory animals. Advancements in the theory for why animals migrate have resulted in promising new directions for empirical studies. We provide an overview of the current state of knowledge and promising future avenues of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M. Fudickar
- Environmental Resilience Institute, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA;, ,
| | - Alex E. Jahn
- Environmental Resilience Institute, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA;, ,
| | - Ellen D. Ketterson
- Environmental Resilience Institute, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA;, ,
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
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3
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Ceylan M, Çetinkaya O, Kvist S. Function of the waterfowl nests as reproduction and living areas for leeches (Annelida: Hirudinea). Anim Reprod Sci 2021; 232:106816. [PMID: 34329918 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2021.106816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Some species of leeches migrate into waterfowl nests and use these both as general habitats and to deposit cocoons, but ecological associations between leeches and birds are not well understood. In the present study, characteristics of waterfowl nests both as living area for leeches (Hirudinea) and as reproduction areas for select hirudinid leeches (Hirudo verbana and Haemopis sanguisuga) was investigated in both natural and controlled laboratory conditions. A total of 48 leeches were detected in 23 of the 51 nests surveyed in natural habitats. The leeches were detected more frequently but there were less dense populations in the nests of the great crested grebe (Podiceps cristatus) (frequency: 57 %, population density: 0.71 ± 0.76 leeches/nest), and leeches were detected less frequently but there were more dense populations in the nests of coots (Fulica atra) (frequency: 36 %, population density: 0.91 ± 1.70 leeches/nest). Although the hirudinid leeches naturally reproduce between June and September, cocoons were only detected in August and September, when the nests were not actively used by the waterfowl and when water depths were less. In laboratory conditions, gravid medicinal leeches prefer moist peat rather than waterfowl nests for cocoon deposition. Results from the present study indicate leeches more frequently use the nests of coots, which have both dry and wet layers, compared to the nests of the great crested grebe, which have only a wet layer. Leeches were also found to be more prevalent in bird nests during spring months, during the reproductive periods of the waterfowl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Ceylan
- Medicinal Leech Application and Research Center, Isparta University of Applied Sciences, Isparta, Turkey; Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Eğirdir Fisheries, Isparta University of Applied Sciences, Isparta, Turkey.
| | - Osman Çetinkaya
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Eğirdir Fisheries, Isparta University of Applied Sciences, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Sebastian Kvist
- Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Donini V, Pedrotti L, Ferretti F, Corlatti L. Disentangling demographic effects of red deer on chamois population dynamics. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:8264-8280. [PMID: 34188885 PMCID: PMC8216891 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Investigating the impact of ecological factors on sex- and age-specific vital rates is essential to understand animal population dynamics and detect the potential for interactions between sympatric species. We used block count data and autoregressive linear models to investigate variation in birth rate, kid survival, female survival, and male survival in a population of Alpine chamois Rupicapra rupicapra rupicapra monitored over 27 years within the Stelvio National Park, Central Italian Alps, as function of climatic variables, density dependence, and interspecific competition with red deer Cervus elaphus. We also used path analysis to assess the indirect effect of deer abundance on chamois growth rate mediated by each demographic parameter. Based on previous findings, we predicted that birth rate at [t] would negatively relate to red deer abundance at year [t - 1]; survival rates between [t] and [t + 1] would negatively relate to red deer abundance at year [t - 1] and to the interactive effect of winter precipitation at [t + 1] and chamois density at [t]. Our results showed that birth rate was positively related to spring-summer precipitation in the previous year, but this effect was hampered by increasing red deer abundance. Kid and female survival rates were negatively related to the combined effect of chamois abundance and winter precipitation. Male and female survival rates were negatively related to lagged red deer abundance. The path analysis supported a negative indirect effect of red deer abundance on chamois growth rate mediated by birth rate and female survival. Our results suggest that chamois population dynamics was largely explained by the synergistic effect of density dependence and winter harshness, as well as by interspecific competition with red deer, whose effects were seemingly stronger on the kid-female segment of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Donini
- Stelvio National Park, Sustainable Development and Protected Areas ServiceAutonomous Province of TrentoCogolo di PejoItaly
- Stelvio National ParkBormioItaly
| | - Luca Pedrotti
- Stelvio National Park, Sustainable Development and Protected Areas ServiceAutonomous Province of TrentoCogolo di PejoItaly
- Stelvio National ParkBormioItaly
| | | | - Luca Corlatti
- Stelvio National ParkBormioItaly
- Chair of Wildlife Ecology and ManagementUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
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5
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Burant JB, Betini GS, Norris DR. Simple signals indicate which period of the annual cycle drives declines in seasonal populations. Ecol Lett 2019; 22:2141-2150. [PMID: 31631468 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
For declining wild populations, a critical aspect of effective conservation is understanding when and where the causes of decline occur. The primary drivers of decline in migratory and seasonal populations can often be attributed to a specific period of the year. However, generic, broadly applicable indicators of these season-specific drivers of population decline remain elusive. We used a multi-generation experiment to investigate whether habitat loss in either the breeding or non-breeding period generated distinct signatures of population decline. When breeding habitat was reduced, population size remained relatively stable for several generations, before declining precipitously. When non-breeding habitat was reduced, between-season variation in population counts increased relative to control populations, and non-breeding population size declined steadily. Changes in seasonal vital rates and other indicators were predicted by the season in which habitat loss treatment occurred. Per capita reproductive output increased when non-breeding habitat was reduced and decreased with breeding habitat reduction, whereas per capita non-breeding survival showed the opposite trends. Our results reveal how simple signals inherent in counts and demographics of declining populations can indicate which period of the annual cycle is driving declines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph B Burant
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Gustavo S Betini
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - D Ryan Norris
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada.,Nature Conservancy of Canada, 245 Eglinton Avenue East - Suite 410, Toronto, Ontario, M4P 3J1, Canada
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Rodríguez‐Buriticá S, Winkler DE, Webb RH, Venable DL. Local temporal trajectories explain population‐level responses to climate change in saguaro (
Carnegiea gigantea
). Ecosphere 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Susana Rodríguez‐Buriticá
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Arizona Tucson Arizona 85721 USA
- Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt Bogotá D.C. Colombia
| | - Daniel E. Winkler
- U.S. Geological Survey Southwest Biological Science Center Moab Utah 84532 USA
| | - Robert H. Webb
- School of Natural Resources University of Arizona Tucson Arizona 85721 USA
| | - D. Lawrence Venable
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Arizona Tucson Arizona 85721 USA
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