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Lecheval V, Robinson EJH, Mann RP. Random walks with spatial and temporal resets can explain individual and colony-level searching patterns in ants. J R Soc Interface 2024; 21:20240149. [PMID: 39081113 PMCID: PMC11289642 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2024.0149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Central place foragers, such as many ants, exploit the environment around their nest. The extent of their foraging range is a function of individual movement, but how the movement patterns of large numbers of foragers result in an emergent colony foraging range remains unclear. Here, we introduce a random walk model with stochastic resetting to depict the movements of searching ants. Stochastic resetting refers to spatially resetting at random times the position of agents to a given location, here the nest of searching ants. We investigate the effect of a range of resetting mechanisms and compare the macroscopic predictions of our model to laboratory and field data. We find that all returning mechanisms very robustly ensure that scouts exploring the surroundings of a nest will be exponentially distributed with distance from the nest. We also find that a decreasing probability for searching ants to return to their nest is compatible with empirical data, resulting in scouts going further away from the nest as the number of foraging trips increases. Our findings highlight the importance of resetting random walk models for depicting the movements of central place foragers and nurture novel questions regarding the searching behaviour of ants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Lecheval
- Department of Biology, Institute for Theoretical Biology, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Science of Intelligence, Research Cluster of Excellence, Berlin, Germany
- School of Mathematics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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2
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Bonizzoni S, Gramolini R, Furey NB, Bearzi G. Bottlenose dolphin distribution in a Mediterranean area exposed to intensive trawling. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 188:105993. [PMID: 37084688 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.105993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The Adriatic Sea is one of the areas most exposed to trawling, worldwide. We used four years (2018-2021) and 19,887 km of survey data to investigate factors influencing daylight dolphin distribution in its north-western sector, where common bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus routinely follow fishing trawlers. We validated Automatic Identification System information on the position, type and activity of three types of trawlers based on observations from boats, and incorporated this information in a GAM-GEE modelling framework, together with physiographic, biological and anthropogenic variables. Along with bottom depth, trawlers (particularly otter and midwater trawlers) appeared to be important drivers of dolphin distribution, with dolphins foraging and scavenging behind trawlers during 39.3% of total observation time in trawling days. The spatial dimension of dolphin adaptations to intensive trawling, including distribution shifts between days with and without trawling, sheds light on the magnitude of ecological change driven by the trawl fishery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Bonizzoni
- Dolphin Biology and Conservation, via Cellina 5, 33084, Cordenons, PN, Italy; OceanCare, Gerbestrasse 6, Postfach 372, 8820, Wädenswil, Switzerland.
| | | | - Nathan B Furey
- Dolphin Biology and Conservation, via Cellina 5, 33084, Cordenons, PN, Italy; Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Spaulding Hall Rm 276, Durham, NH, 03824, USA
| | - Giovanni Bearzi
- Dolphin Biology and Conservation, via Cellina 5, 33084, Cordenons, PN, Italy; OceanCare, Gerbestrasse 6, Postfach 372, 8820, Wädenswil, Switzerland; ISMAR Institute of Marine Sciences, CNR National Research Council, Arsenale Tesa 104, Castello 2737/F, 30122, Venice, Italy
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3
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Li BW, Li WB, Xia DP, Zhang T, Yang PP, Li JH. Sleeping sites provide new insight into multiple central place foraging strategies of Tibetan macaques (Macaca thibetana). Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.1067923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Food resources, including food types, quantity, and quality, are the key factors that determine the survival and reproduction of wild animals. However, the most basic requirement is access to food. The choice of sleeping sites plays a crucial role in efficiently acquiring food and provides a useful starting point for studying foraging strategies. We collected data on sleeping site and foraging patch uses of wild Tibetan macaques (Macaca thibetana) in Huangshan, Anhui, China, from September 2020 to August 2021. We found that Tibetan macaques used 50 different sleeping sites, mostly located on cliffs, some of which they reused. Sleeping site altitude differed significantly according to season, with higher altitudes recorded in summer and winter. Tibetan macaques did not sleep as much as expected in the peripheral regions of their home range. The sleeping sites were often distributed in proximity to foraging patches, and there was a positive correlation between the use of sleeping sites and surrounding foraging patches. The utilization of foraging patches by Tibetan macaques is inclined towards the multiple central place foraging strategy. Our results provide supportive evidence for the proximity to food resource hypothesis and indicate the important role of sleeping sites in food resource utilization in Tibetan macaques.
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4
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McClintock BT, Abrahms B, Chandler RB, Conn PB, Converse SJ, Emmet RL, Gardner B, Hostetter NJ, Johnson DS. An integrated path for spatial capture-recapture and animal movement modeling. Ecology 2022; 103:e3473. [PMID: 34270790 PMCID: PMC9786756 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Ecologists and conservation biologists increasingly rely on spatial capture-recapture (SCR) and movement modeling to study animal populations. Historically, SCR has focused on population-level processes (e.g., vital rates, abundance, density, and distribution), whereas animal movement modeling has focused on the behavior of individuals (e.g., activity budgets, resource selection, migration). Even though animal movement is clearly a driver of population-level patterns and dynamics, technical and conceptual developments to date have not forged a firm link between the two fields. Instead, movement modeling has typically focused on the individual level without providing a coherent scaling from individual- to population-level processes, whereas SCR has typically focused on the population level while greatly simplifying the movement processes that give rise to the observations underlying these models. In our view, the integration of SCR and animal movement modeling has tremendous potential for allowing ecologists to scale up from individuals to populations and advancing the types of inferences that can be made at the intersection of population, movement, and landscape ecology. Properly accounting for complex animal movement processes can also potentially reduce bias in estimators of population-level parameters, thereby improving inferences that are critical for species conservation and management. This introductory article to the Special Feature reviews recent advances in SCR and animal movement modeling, establishes a common notation, highlights potential advantages of linking individual-level (Lagrangian) movements to population-level (Eulerian) processes, and outlines a general conceptual framework for the integration of movement and SCR models. We then identify important avenues for future research, including key challenges and potential pitfalls in the developments and applications that lie ahead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett T. McClintock
- Marine Mammal LaboratoryNOAA‐NMFS Alaska Fisheries Science CenterSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Briana Abrahms
- Department of BiologyUniversity of WashingtonLife Sciences Building, Box 351800SeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Richard B. Chandler
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural ResourcesUniversity of Georgia180 E. Green St.AthensGeorgiaUSA
| | - Paul B. Conn
- Marine Mammal LaboratoryNOAA‐NMFS Alaska Fisheries Science CenterSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Sarah J. Converse
- U.S. Geological SurveyWashington Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research UnitSchool of Environmental and Forest Sciences & School of Aquatic and Fishery SciencesUniversity of WashingtonBox 355020SeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Robert L. Emmet
- Quantitative Ecology and Resource ManagementUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Beth Gardner
- School of Environmental and Forest SciencesUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Nathan J. Hostetter
- Washington Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research UnitSchool of Aquatic and Fishery SciencesUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Devin S. Johnson
- Marine Mammal LaboratoryNOAA‐NMFS Alaska Fisheries Science CenterSeattleWashingtonUSA
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5
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Darby J, Clairbaux M, Bennison A, Quinn JL, Jessopp MJ. Underwater visibility constrains the foraging behaviour of a diving pelagic seabird. Proc Biol Sci 2022; 289:20220862. [PMID: 35858070 PMCID: PMC9277241 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.0862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the sensory ecology of species is vital if we are to predict how they will function in a changing environment. Visual cues are fundamentally important for many predators when detecting and capturing prey. However, many marine areas have become more turbid through processes influenced by climate change, potentially affecting the ability of marine predators to detect prey. We performed the first study that directly relates a pelagic seabird species's foraging behaviour to oceanic turbidity. We collected biologging data from 79 foraging trips and 5472 dives of a visually dependent, pursuit-diving seabird, the Manx shearwater (Puffinus puffinus). Foraging behaviour was modelled against environmental variables affecting underwater visibility, including water turbidity, cloud cover and solar angle. Shearwaters were more likely to initiate area-restricted search and foraging dives in clearer waters. Underwater visibility also strongly predicted dive rate and depth, suggesting that fine-scale prey capture was constrained by the detectability of prey underwater. Our novel use of dynamic descriptors of underwater visibility suggests that visual cues are vital for underwater foraging. Our data indicate that climate change could negatively impact seabird populations by making prey more difficult to detect, compounded by the widely reported effects of reduced prey populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Darby
- School of Biological, Environmental and Earth Sciences, University College Cork, Cork T23 N73K, Ireland,MaREI Centre for Energy, Climate and Marine, Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Cork P43 C573, Ireland
| | - M. Clairbaux
- School of Biological, Environmental and Earth Sciences, University College Cork, Cork T23 N73K, Ireland,MaREI Centre for Energy, Climate and Marine, Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Cork P43 C573, Ireland
| | - A. Bennison
- British Antarctic Survey, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK
| | - J. L. Quinn
- School of Biological, Environmental and Earth Sciences, University College Cork, Cork T23 N73K, Ireland
| | - M. J. Jessopp
- School of Biological, Environmental and Earth Sciences, University College Cork, Cork T23 N73K, Ireland,MaREI Centre for Energy, Climate and Marine, Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Cork P43 C573, Ireland
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6
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Carpenter BG, Sieving KE, Terhune T, Picardi S, Griffith A, Sheilds R, Pittman HT. Linking wild turkey hen movement data to nesting behavior. WILDLIFE SOC B 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/wsb.1267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bobbi G. Carpenter
- Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission Gainesville FL 32601 USA
| | - Kathryn E. Sieving
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611‐0430 USA
| | | | - Simona Picardi
- Department of Wildland Resources and Jack H. Berryman Institute Utah State University Logan UT 84322 USA
| | | | - Roger Sheilds
- Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency Nashville TN 37211 USA
| | - Henry Tyler Pittman
- Extension Agent, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences University of Florida Trenton FL 32693 USA
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7
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Roy A, Bertrand SL, Fablet R. Using Generative Adversarial Networks (
GAN
) to simulate central‐place foraging trajectories. Methods Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amédée Roy
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), MARBEC (Univ. Montpellier, Ifremer, CNRS, IRD), Avenue Jean Monnet, 34200 Sète France
| | - Sophie Lanco Bertrand
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), MARBEC (Univ. Montpellier, Ifremer, CNRS, IRD), Avenue Jean Monnet, 34200 Sète France
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8
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Carneiro APB, Dias MP, Oppel S, Pearmain EJ, Clark BL, Wood AG, Clavelle T, Phillips RA. Integrating immersion with
GPS
data improves behavioural classification for wandering albatrosses and shows scavenging behind fishing vessels mirrors natural foraging. Anim Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/acv.12768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - M P Dias
- BirdLife International Cambridge UK
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, cE3c & Department of Animal Biology, Faculdade de Ciências Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal
| | - S Oppel
- Royal Society for the Protection of Birds The David Attenborough Building Cambridge UK
| | | | | | - A G Wood
- British Antarctic Survey Natural Environment Research Council Cambridge UK
| | - T Clavelle
- Global Fishing Watch Washington District of Columbia USA
| | - R A Phillips
- British Antarctic Survey Natural Environment Research Council Cambridge UK
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9
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Aquino‐Baleytó M, Leos‐Barajas V, Adam T, Hoyos‐Padilla M, Santana‐Morales O, Galván‐Magaña F, González‐Armas R, Lowe CG, Ketchum JT, Villalobos H. Diving deeper into the underlying white shark behaviors at Guadalupe Island, Mexico. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:14932-14949. [PMID: 34765151 PMCID: PMC8571628 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fine-scale movement patterns are driven by both biotic (hunting, physiological needs) and abiotic (environmental conditions) factors. The energy balance governs all movement-related strategic decisions.Marine environments can be better understood by considering the vertical component. From 24 acoustic trackings of 10 white sharks in Guadalupe Island, this study linked, for the first time, horizontal and vertical movement data and inferred six different behavioral states along with movement states, through the use of hidden Markov models, which allowed to draw a comprehensive picture of white shark behavior.Traveling was the most frequent state of behavior for white sharks, carried out mainly at night and twilight. In contrast, area-restricted searching was the least used, occurring primarily in daylight hours.Time of day, distance to shore, total shark length, and, to a lesser extent, tide phase affected behavioral states. Chumming activity reversed, in the short term and in a nonpermanent way, the behavioral pattern to a general diel vertical pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Aquino‐Baleytó
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias MarinasLa PazMexico
| | | | - Timo Adam
- University of St AndrewsSt AndrewsUK
| | | | | | - Felipe Galván‐Magaña
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias MarinasLa PazMexico
| | - Rogelio González‐Armas
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias MarinasLa PazMexico
| | - Christopher G. Lowe
- Department of Biological SciencesCalifornia State University Long BeachLong BeachCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Héctor Villalobos
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias MarinasLa PazMexico
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10
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McClintock BT. Worth the effort? A practical examination of random effects in hidden Markov models for animal telemetry data. Methods Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brett T. McClintock
- Marine Mammal Laboratory Alaska Fisheries Science Center NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service Seattle WA USA
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11
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Aben J, Signer J, Heiskanen J, Pellikka P, Travis JMJ. What you see is where you go: visibility influences movement decisions of a forest bird navigating a three-dimensional-structured matrix. Biol Lett 2021; 17:20200478. [PMID: 33497591 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2020.0478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal spatial behaviour is often presumed to reflect responses to visual cues. However, inference of behaviour in relation to the environment is challenged by the lack of objective methods to identify the information that effectively is available to an animal from a given location. In general, animals are assumed to have unconstrained information on the environment within a detection circle of a certain radius (the perceptual range; PR). However, visual cues are only available up to the first physical obstruction within an animal's PR, making information availability a function of an animal's location within the physical environment (the effective visual perceptual range; EVPR). By using LiDAR data and viewshed analysis, we modelled forest birds' EVPRs at each step along a movement path. We found that the EVPR was on average 0.063% that of an unconstrained PR and, by applying a step-selection analysis, that individuals are 1.55 times more likely to move to a tree within their EVPR than to an equivalent tree outside it. This demonstrates that behavioural choices can be substantially impacted by the characteristics of an individual's EVPR and highlights that inferences made from movement data may be improved by accounting for the EVPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Job Aben
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Johannes Signer
- Wildlife Sciences, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Janne Heiskanen
- Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Petri Pellikka
- Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Finland
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12
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Energetics as common currency for integrating high resolution activity patterns into dynamic energy budget-individual based models. Ecol Modell 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2020.109250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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13
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Chimienti M, Blasi MF, Hochscheid S. Movement patterns of large juvenile loggerhead turtles in the Mediterranean Sea: Ontogenetic space use in a small ocean basin. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:6978-6992. [PMID: 32760506 PMCID: PMC7391346 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms that determine how, where, and when ontogenetic habitat shifts occur are mostly unknown in wild populations. Differences in size and environmental characteristics of ontogenetic habitats can lead to differences in movement patterns, behavior, habitat use, and spatial distributions across individuals of the same species. Knowledge of juvenile loggerhead turtles' dispersal, movements, and habitat use is largely unknown, especially in the Mediterranean Sea. Satellite relay data loggers were used to monitor movements, diving behavior, and water temperature of eleven large juvenile loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) deliberately caught in an oceanic habitat in the Mediterranean Sea. Hidden Markov models were used over 4,430 spatial locations to quantify the different activities performed by each individual: transit, low-, and high-intensity diving. Model results were then analyzed in relation to water temperature, bathymetry, and distance to the coast. The hidden Markov model differentiated between bouts of area-restricted search as low- and high-intensity diving, and transit movements. The turtles foraged in deep oceanic waters within 60 km from the coast as well as above 140 km from the coast. They used an average area of 194,802 km2, where most individuals used the deepest part of the Southern Tyrrhenian Sea with the highest seamounts, while only two switched to neritic foraging showing plasticity in foraging strategies among turtles of similar age classes. The foraging distribution of large juvenile loggerhead turtles, including some which were of the minimum size of adults, in the Tyrrhenian Sea is mainly concentrated in a relatively small oceanic area with predictable mesoscale oceanographic features, despite the proximity of suitable neritic foraging habitats. Our study highlights the importance of collecting high-resolution data about species distribution and behavior across different spatio-temporal scales and life stages for implementing conservation and dynamic ocean management actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Chimienti
- Department of Bioscience - Arctic Ecosystem EcologyAarhus UniversityRoskildeDenmark
| | - Monica F. Blasi
- Filicudi WildLife ConservationStimpagnato FilicudiLipariItaliaItaly
| | - Sandra Hochscheid
- Stazione Zoologica Anton DohrnMarine Turtle Research CenterPorticiItaly
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14
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Cloyed CS, Dell AI. Resource distribution and internal factors interact to govern movement of a freshwater snail. Proc Biol Sci 2019; 286:20191610. [PMID: 31551058 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2019.1610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Movement enables mobile organisms to respond to local environmental conditions and is driven by a combination of external and internal factors operating at multiple scales. Here, we explored how resource distribution interacted with the internal state of organisms to drive patterns of movement. Specifically, we tracked snail movements on experimental landscapes where resource (algal biofilm) distribution varied from 0 to 100% coverage and quantified how that movement changed over a 24 h period. Resource distribution strongly affected snail movement. Trajectories were tortuous (i.e. Brownian-like) within resource patches but straighter (i.e. Lévy) in resource-free (bare) patches. The average snail speed was slower in resource patches, where snails spent most of their time. Different patterns of movement between resource and bare patches explained movement at larger spatial scales; movement was ballistic-like Lévy in resource-free landscapes, Lévy in landscapes with intermediate resource coverage and approximated Brownian in landscapes covered in resources. Our temporal analysis revealed that movement patterns changed predictably for snails that satiated their hunger and then performed other behaviours. These changes in movement patterns through time were similar across all treatments that contained resources. Thus, external and internal factors interacted to shape the inherently flexible movement of these snails.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl S Cloyed
- National Great Rivers Research and Education Center, East Alton, IL 62024, USA.,Department of Biology, Washington University of St Louis, St Louis, MO 63130, USA.,Dauphin Island Sea Lab, Dauphin Island, AL 36528, USA
| | - Anthony I Dell
- National Great Rivers Research and Education Center, East Alton, IL 62024, USA.,Department of Biology, Washington University of St Louis, St Louis, MO 63130, USA
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15
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Pirotta E, Katzner T, Miller TA, Duerr AE, Braham MA, New L. State‐space modelling of the flight behaviour of a soaring bird provides new insights to migratory strategies. Funct Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Pirotta
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics Washington State University Vancouver Washington
- School of Biological Earth & Environmental Sciences University College Cork Distillery Fields North Mall Cork Ireland
| | - Todd Katzner
- U.S. Geological Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center Boise Idaho
| | | | | | - Melissa A. Braham
- Division of Forestry & Natural Resources West Virginia University Morgantown West Virginia
| | - Leslie New
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics Washington State University Vancouver Washington
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