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West NM, Matlaga DP, Muthukrishnan R, Spyreas G, Jordan NR, Forester JD, Davis AS. Lack of Impacts during Early Establishment Highlights a Short-Term Management Window for Minimizing Invasions from Perennial Biomass Crops. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:767. [PMID: 28555146 PMCID: PMC5430074 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Managing intentional species introductions requires evaluating potential ecological risks. However, it is difficult to weigh costs and benefits when data about interactions between novel species and the communities they are introduced to are scarce. In anticipation of expanded cultivation of perennial biomass crops, we experimentally introduced Miscanthus sinensis and Miscanthus × giganteus (two non-native candidate biomass crops) into two different non-crop habitats (old field and flood-plain forest) to evaluate their establishment success and impact on ambient local communities. We followed these controlled introductions and the composition dynamics of the receiving communities over a 5-year period. Habitats differed widely in adult Miscanthus survival and reproduction potential between species, although seed persistence and seedling emergence were similar in the two biomass crops in both habitats. Few introductions survived in the floodplain forest habitat, and this mortality precluded analyses of their potential impacts there. In old field habitats, proportional survival ranged from 0.3 to 0.4, and plant survival and growth increased with age. However, there was no evidence of biomass crop species effects on community richness or evenness or strong impacts on the resident old field constituents across 5 years. These results suggest that Miscanthus species could establish outside of cultivated fields, but there will likely be a lag in any impacts on the receiving communities. Local North American invasions by M. sinensis and M. sacchariflorus display the potential for Miscanthus species to develop aggressively expanding populations. However, the weak short-term community-level impacts demonstrated in the current study indicate a clear management window in which eradicating species footholds is easily achieved, if they can be detected early enough. Diligent long-term monitoring, detection, and eradication plans are needed to successfully minimize harmful invasions from these biomass crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie M. West
- Pest Management Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture – Agricultural Research Service, SidneyMT, USA
- Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture – Agricultural Research Service, UrbanaIL, USA
| | - David P. Matlaga
- Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture – Agricultural Research Service, UrbanaIL, USA
- Department of Biology, Susquehanna University, SelinsgrovePA, USA
| | - Ranjan Muthukrishnan
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, University of Minnesota, St. PaulMN, USA
| | - Greg Spyreas
- Prairie Research Institute, Illinois Natural History Survey, ChampaignIL, USA
| | - Nicholas R. Jordan
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. PaulMN, USA
| | - James D. Forester
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, University of Minnesota, St. PaulMN, USA
| | - Adam S. Davis
- Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture – Agricultural Research Service, UrbanaIL, USA
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West NM, Matlaga DP, Muthukrishnan R, Spyreas G, Jordan NR, Forester JD, Davis AS. Lack of Impacts during Early Establishment Highlights a Short-Term Management Window for Minimizing Invasions from Perennial Biomass Crops. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:767. [PMID: 28555146 PMCID: PMC5430074 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00767, 10.3389/fphys.2017.00767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Managing intentional species introductions requires evaluating potential ecological risks. However, it is difficult to weigh costs and benefits when data about interactions between novel species and the communities they are introduced to are scarce. In anticipation of expanded cultivation of perennial biomass crops, we experimentally introduced Miscanthus sinensis and Miscanthus × giganteus (two non-native candidate biomass crops) into two different non-crop habitats (old field and flood-plain forest) to evaluate their establishment success and impact on ambient local communities. We followed these controlled introductions and the composition dynamics of the receiving communities over a 5-year period. Habitats differed widely in adult Miscanthus survival and reproduction potential between species, although seed persistence and seedling emergence were similar in the two biomass crops in both habitats. Few introductions survived in the floodplain forest habitat, and this mortality precluded analyses of their potential impacts there. In old field habitats, proportional survival ranged from 0.3 to 0.4, and plant survival and growth increased with age. However, there was no evidence of biomass crop species effects on community richness or evenness or strong impacts on the resident old field constituents across 5 years. These results suggest that Miscanthus species could establish outside of cultivated fields, but there will likely be a lag in any impacts on the receiving communities. Local North American invasions by M. sinensis and M. sacchariflorus display the potential for Miscanthus species to develop aggressively expanding populations. However, the weak short-term community-level impacts demonstrated in the current study indicate a clear management window in which eradicating species footholds is easily achieved, if they can be detected early enough. Diligent long-term monitoring, detection, and eradication plans are needed to successfully minimize harmful invasions from these biomass crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie M. West
- Pest Management Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture – Agricultural Research Service, SidneyMT, USA
- Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture – Agricultural Research Service, UrbanaIL, USA
| | - David P. Matlaga
- Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture – Agricultural Research Service, UrbanaIL, USA
- Department of Biology, Susquehanna University, SelinsgrovePA, USA
| | - Ranjan Muthukrishnan
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, University of Minnesota, St. PaulMN, USA
| | - Greg Spyreas
- Prairie Research Institute, Illinois Natural History Survey, ChampaignIL, USA
| | - Nicholas R. Jordan
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. PaulMN, USA
| | - James D. Forester
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, University of Minnesota, St. PaulMN, USA
| | - Adam S. Davis
- Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture – Agricultural Research Service, UrbanaIL, USA
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Barros C, Palmer SCF, Bocedi G, Travis JMJ. Spread rates on fragmented landscapes: the interacting roles of demography, dispersal and habitat availability. DIVERS DISTRIB 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ceres Barros
- Laboratoire d’Écologie Alpine (LECA) University of Grenoble Alpes F‐38000 Grenoble France
- Laboratoire d’Écologie Alpine (LECA) CNRS F‐38000 Grenoble France
| | - Stephen C. F. Palmer
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Aberdeen Zoology Building Tillydrone Avenue Aberdeen AB24 2TZ UK
| | - Greta Bocedi
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Aberdeen Zoology Building Tillydrone Avenue Aberdeen AB24 2TZ UK
| | - Justin M. J. Travis
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Aberdeen Zoology Building Tillydrone Avenue Aberdeen AB24 2TZ UK
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Muthukrishnan R, West NM, Davis AS, Jordan NR, Forester JD. Evaluating the role of landscape in the spread of invasive species: The case of the biomass crop Miscanthus×giganteus. Ecol Modell 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2015.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Tang J, Daroch M, Kilian A, Jeżowski S, Pogrzeba M, Mos M. DArT-based characterisation of genetic diversity in a Miscanthus collection from Poland. PLANTA 2015; 242:985-996. [PMID: 26040407 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-015-2335-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Analysis of 180 accessions of Miscanthus using a DArT platform revealed high diversity. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that M. × giganteus accessions fall into two genetically distinct groups. Miscanthus is a genus of perennial rhizomatous grasses that has emerged in last 20 years as a feedstock for bioenergy and biofuel production. Currently, the most widely used accession for bioenergy purposes is Miscanthus × giganteus, a sterile triploid hybrid between Miscanthus sinensis and Miscanthus sacchariflorus. However, previous reports have shown that genetic diversity of Miscanthus × giganteus is limited. Here, we report development of Diversity Arrays Technology platform for the analysis of genetic structure of a Miscanthus collection of 180 accessions. A total of 906 markers were obtained of which around 25.5% exhibited polymorphism information content value in the range of 0.40 and 0.50 and are considered particularly informative. Newly developed marker system will serve as an additional resource to assist crop improvement, germplasm preservation and genetic studies. Three types of analysis indicated that 180 accessions from the collection were well differentiated and presented high diversity. Interestingly, the analysis revealed that there are two separate groups of plants, significantly differing in genetic diversity, that are commercially available as M. × giganteus. We suggest that one of these groups is most likely mutants or somaclonal variants of original M. × giganteus. The other group is recent hybrids of Miscanthus of higher genetic diversity. This study indicates that the diversity of commercially available M. × giganteus is higher than commonly assumed. Development of the new marker system can significantly assist breeding of new commercial cultivars of Miscanthus for bioenergy use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Tang
- Energene sp. z o.o., Wróblewskiego 38A, 93-578, Lodz, Poland
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Pittman SE, Muthukrishnan R, West NM, Davis AS, Jordan NR, Forester JD. Mitigating the potential for invasive spread of the exotic biofuel crop, Miscanthus × giganteus. Biol Invasions 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-015-0950-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Barney J, Smith LL, Allen DJ. The thin green line: sustainable bioenergy feedstocks or invaders in waiting. NEOBIOTA 2015. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.25.8613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Zhao J, Li S, He X, Liu L, Wang K. The soil biota composition along a progressive succession of secondary vegetation in a karst area. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112436. [PMID: 25379741 PMCID: PMC4224492 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Karst ecosystems are fragile and are in many regions degraded by anthropogenic activities. Current management of degraded karst areas focuses on aboveground vegetation succession or recovery and aims at establishing a forest ecosystem. Whether progressive succession of vegetation in karst areas is accompanied by establishment of soil biota is poorly understood. In the present study, soil microbial and nematode communities, as well as soil physico-chemical properties were studied along a progressive succession of secondary vegetation (from grassland to shrubland to forest) in a karst area in southwest China. Microbial biomass, nematode density, ratio of fungal to bacterial biomass, nematode structure index, and nematode enrichment index decreased with the secondary succession in the plant community. Overall, the results indicated a pattern of declines in soil biota abundance and food web complexity that was associated with a decrease in soil pH and a decrease in soil organic carbon content with the progressive secondary succession of the plant community. Our findings suggest that soil biota amendment is necessary during karst ecosystem restoration and establishment and management of grasslands may be feasible in karst areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China; Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst Ecosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huanjiang, Guangxi, China
| | - Shengping Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China; Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst Ecosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huanjiang, Guangxi, China; Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xunyang He
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China; Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst Ecosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huanjiang, Guangxi, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China; Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst Ecosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huanjiang, Guangxi, China; Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kelin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China; Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst Ecosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huanjiang, Guangxi, China
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