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Glassmire AE, Hauri KC, Turner DB, Zehr LN, Sugimoto K, Howe GA, Wetzel WC. The frequency and chemical phenotype of neighboring plants determine the effects of intraspecific plant diversity. Ecology 2024; 105:e4392. [PMID: 39113178 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Associational effects, whereby plants influence the biotic interactions of their neighbors, are an important component of plant-insect interactions. Plant chemistry has been hypothesized to mediate these interactions. The role of chemistry in associational effects, however, has been unclear in part because the diversity of plant chemistry makes it difficult to tease apart the importance and roles of particular classes of compounds. We examined the chemical ecology of associational effects using backcross-bred plants of the Solanum pennellii introgression lines. We used eight genotypes from the introgression line system to establish 14 unique neighborhood treatments that maximized differences in acyl sugars, proteinase inhibitor, and terpene chemical diversity. We found that the chemical traits of the neighboring plant, rather than simply the number of introgression lines within a neighborhood, influenced insect abundance on focal plants. Furthermore, within-chemical class diversity had contrasting effects on herbivore and predator abundances, and depended on the frequency of neighboring plant chemotypes. Notably, we found insect mobility-flying versus crawling-played a key role in insect response to phytochemistry. We highlight that the frequency and chemical phenotype of plant neighbors underlie associational effects and suggest this may be an important mechanism in maintaining intraspecific phytochemical variation within plant populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea E Glassmire
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
- Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, Michigan, USA
| | - Kayleigh C Hauri
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
- Ecology, Evolution, & Behavior Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Daniel B Turner
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
- Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, Michigan, USA
- Ecology, Evolution, & Behavior Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Luke N Zehr
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Koichi Sugimoto
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Gregg A Howe
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
- Plant Resilience Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - William C Wetzel
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
- Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, Michigan, USA
- Ecology, Evolution, & Behavior Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
- Plant Resilience Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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Abdala-Roberts L, Moreira X. Effects of phytochemical diversity on multitrophic interactions. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2024; 64:101228. [PMID: 38944275 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2024.101228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
The ecological effects of plant diversity have been well studied, but the extent to which they are driven by variation in specialized metabolites is not well understood. Here, we provide theoretical background on phytochemical diversity effects on herbivory and its expanded consequences for higher trophic levels. We then review empirical evidence for effects on predation and parasitism by focusing on a handful of studies that have undertaken manipulative approaches and link back their results to theory on mechanisms. We close by summarizing key aspects for future research, building on knowledge gained thus far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Abdala-Roberts
- Departamento de Ecología Tropical, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Apartado Postal 4-116, Itzimná, 97000 Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
| | - Xoaquín Moreira
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (MBG-CSIC), Apartado de Correos 28, 36080 Pontevedra, Galicia, Spain
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Ojeda-Prieto L, Medina-van Berkum P, Unsicker SB, Heinen R, Weisser WW. Intraspecific chemical variation of Tanacetum vulgare affects plant growth and reproductive traits in field plant communities. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2024. [PMID: 38593287 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
The study investigated the impact of intraspecific plant chemodiversity on plant growth and reproductive traits at both the plant and plot levels. It also aimed to understand how chemodiversity at stand level affects ecosystem functioning and plant-plant interactions. We describe a biodiversity experiment in which we manipulated intraspecific plant chemodiversity at the plot level using six different chemotypes of common tansy (Tanacetum vulgare L., Asteraceae). We tested the effects of chemotype identity and plot-level chemotype richness on plant growth and reproductive traits and plot-level headspace emissions. The study found that plant chemotypes differed in growth and reproductive traits and that traits were affected by the chemotype richness of the plots. Although morphological differences among chemotypes became less pronounced over time, reproductive phenology patterns persisted. Plot-level trait means were also affected by the presence or absence of certain chemotypes in a plot, and the direction of the effect depended on the specific chemotype. However, chemotype richness did not lead to overyielding effects. Lastly, chemotype blends released from plant communities were neither richer nor more diverse with increasing plot-level chemotype richness, but became more dissimilar as they became more dissimilar in their leaf terpenoid profiles. We found that intraspecific plant chemodiversity is crucial in plant-plant interactions. We also found that the effects of chemodiversity on plant growth and reproductive traits were complex and varied depending on the chemotype richness of the plots. This long-term field experiment will allow further investigation into plant-insect interactions and insect community assembly in response to intraspecific chemodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ojeda-Prieto
- Terrestrial Ecology Research Group, Department for Life Science Systems, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - P Medina-van Berkum
- Department for Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - S B Unsicker
- Department for Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
- Plant-Environment-Interactions Group, Botanical Institute, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - R Heinen
- Terrestrial Ecology Research Group, Department for Life Science Systems, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - W W Weisser
- Terrestrial Ecology Research Group, Department for Life Science Systems, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
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Hauri KC, Glassmire AE, Randall B, Zehr LN, Wetzel WC. Plant chemical diversity and its frequency have distinct but complementary effects on insect foraging. J Appl Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.14151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kayleigh C. Hauri
- Department of Entomology Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA
- Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior Program Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA
| | - Andrea E. Glassmire
- Department of Entomology Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA
- Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior Program Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA
| | - Brendan Randall
- Department of Entomology Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA
| | - Luke N. Zehr
- Department of Entomology Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA
| | - William C. Wetzel
- Department of Entomology Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA
- Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior Program Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA
- Department of Integrative Biology Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA
- Kellogg Biological Station Michigan State University Hickory Corners MI USA
- AgBioResearch Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA
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