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Horváth B, Hézső T, Kiss D, Kistamás K, Magyar J, Nánási PP, Bányász T. Late Sodium Current Inhibitors as Potential Antiarrhythmic Agents. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:413. [PMID: 32372952 PMCID: PMC7184885 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on recent findings, an increased late sodium current (INa,late) plays an important pathophysiological role in cardiac diseases, including rhythm disorders. The article first describes what is INa,late and how it functions under physiological circumstances. Next, it shows the wide range of cellular mechanisms that can contribute to an increased INa,late in heart diseases, and also discusses how the upregulated INa,late can play a role in the generation of cardiac arrhythmias. The last part of the article is about INa,late inhibiting drugs as potential antiarrhythmic agents, based on experimental and preclinical data as well as in the light of clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Horváth
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tamás Hézső
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Dénes Kiss
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Kornél Kistamás
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - János Magyar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Division of Sport Physiology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Péter P. Nánási
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Department of Dental Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tamás Bányász
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Li RW, Deng Y, Pham HN, Weiss S, Chen M, Smith PN. Riluzole protects against skeletal muscle ischaemia-reperfusion injury in a porcine model. Injury 2020; 51:178-184. [PMID: 31882236 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2019.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Skeletal muscle ischaemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) can be a life threatening condition. It is relevant to various aspects of the management of trauma and surgical patients. Currently there lacks a pharmacological agent that can be used to dampen the effects of IRI. Riluzole has been shown to reduce the effects of IRI on various organ systems, but there have yet to be any studies on the effects in IRI of skeletal muscle. Our aim was to investigate the effects of Riluzole on IRI in the skeletal muscle of pigs. METHODS Twenty-two pigs were randomly divided into groups. Riluzole was administered before ligation of the femoral artery to produce ischaemia in the tibialis anterior muscle in the experimental group but not the control group. The microscopic appearance of muscles were recorded, a TUNEL assay was used to identify DNA damage and glutathione levels were measured. RESULTS In the Riluzole group, muscle fibres appeared less wavy and less oedematous compared to the control group. The Riluzole group also had less evidence of DNA fragmentation on the TUNEL assay. The glutathione levels in the Riluzole group were also significantly greater than the control group. DISCUSSION Our findings suggest that Riluzole can potentially reduce the effects of IRI on skeletal muscle. This is potentially due to the ability of Riluzole to block sodium channels, decreasing action potentials and therefore glutamate release. It also acts to decrease intracellular calcium levels, which prevents apoptosis. Riluzole is a promising drug for the prevention of IRI in skeletal muscle, but further research is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel W Li
- The Medical School, the Australian National UNiversity, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Garran Rd, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia.
| | - Yi Deng
- The Medical School, the Australian National UNiversity, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; Canberra Hospital, Yamba Dr, Canberra, ACT 2605 Australia
| | - Hai Nam Pham
- The Medical School, the Australian National UNiversity, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Steven Weiss
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Garran Rd, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Mingming Chen
- The Medical School, the Australian National UNiversity, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Paul N Smith
- Canberra Hospital, Yamba Dr, Canberra, ACT 2605 Australia
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Parker SL, Guerra Valero YC, Lipman J, Weiss S, Smith C, Russell L, Smith P, Roberts JA, Wallis SC. A validated UHPLC-MS/MS method for the measurement of riluzole in plasma and myocardial tissue samples. Biomed Chromatogr 2017. [PMID: 28623867 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Through blocking the cardiac persistent sodium current, riluzole has the potential to prevent myocardial damage post cardiac bypass surgery. A sensitive UHPLC-MS/MS method was developed and validated for quantitation of riluzole and 5-methoxypsoralen in human plasma and myocardial tissue homogenate using a liquid-liquid extraction with dichloromethane. The chromatographic separation was achieved using Shimadzu Shim-pack XR-ODS III, 2.0 × 50 mm, 1.6 μm column with a gradient mobile phase comprising methanol and ammonium acetate buffer pH 3.6 in purified water. The analyte and internal standard were separated within 3.5 min. Riluzole quantitation was achieved using the mass transitions of 235-138 for riluzole and 217-156 for 5-methoxypsoralen. The method was linear for riluzole plasma concentrations from 0.2 to 500 ng/mL and myocardial tissue homogenate concentrations from 0.2 to 100 ng/mL. The method developed was successfully applied to a clinical study for patients receiving riluzole while undergoing cardiac bypass surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne L Parker
- Burns, Trauma and Critical Care Research Centre, The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Yarmarly C Guerra Valero
- Burns, Trauma and Critical Care Research Centre, The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jeffrey Lipman
- Burns, Trauma and Critical Care Research Centre, The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, Australia.,Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.,Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Steven Weiss
- Medical School, College of Medicine, Biology and Environment, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Camilla Smith
- Trauma and Orthopaedic Research Unit, Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australia
| | - Lyndal Russell
- Trauma and Orthopaedic Research Unit, Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australia
| | - Paul Smith
- Trauma and Orthopaedic Research Unit, Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australia
| | - Jason A Roberts
- Burns, Trauma and Critical Care Research Centre, The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, Australia.,Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.,School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Department of Pharmacy, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Steven C Wallis
- Burns, Trauma and Critical Care Research Centre, The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, Australia
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Pauziene N, Rysevaite-Kyguoliene K, Alaburda P, Pauza AG, Skukauskaite M, Masaityte A, Laucaityte G, Saburkina I, Inokaitis H, Plisiene J, Pauza DH. Neuroanatomy of the Pig Cardiac Ventricles. A Stereomicroscopic, Confocal and Electron Microscope Study. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2017; 300:1756-1780. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.23619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neringa Pauziene
- Institute of Anatomy; Faculty of Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences; Kaunas Lithuania
| | | | - Paulius Alaburda
- Institute of Anatomy; Faculty of Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences; Kaunas Lithuania
| | - Audrys G. Pauza
- Institute of Anatomy; Faculty of Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences; Kaunas Lithuania
| | - Monika Skukauskaite
- Institute of Anatomy; Faculty of Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences; Kaunas Lithuania
| | - Aiste Masaityte
- Institute of Anatomy; Faculty of Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences; Kaunas Lithuania
| | - Goda Laucaityte
- Institute of Anatomy; Faculty of Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences; Kaunas Lithuania
| | - Inga Saburkina
- Institute of Anatomy; Faculty of Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences; Kaunas Lithuania
| | - Hermanas Inokaitis
- Institute of Anatomy; Faculty of Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences; Kaunas Lithuania
| | - Jurgita Plisiene
- Institute of Anatomy; Faculty of Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences; Kaunas Lithuania
| | - Dainius H. Pauza
- Institute of Anatomy; Faculty of Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences; Kaunas Lithuania
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