1
|
Yan P, Chen X, Chelliah R, Jo KH, Shan L, Shin H, Kim S, Oh DH. Biocontrol and anti-biofilm potential of aerosols sprayed slightly acidic electrolyzed water against Cronobacter sakazakii in infant food industry. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2023.114598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
|
2
|
Wang X, Wang Y, Ling N, Shen Y, Zhang D, Liu D, Ou D, Wu Q, Ye Y. Effects of tolC on tolerance to bile salts and biofilm formation in Cronobacter malonaticus. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:9521-9531. [PMID: 34099300 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-20128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Bile salts is one of essential components of bile secreted into the intestine to confer antibacterial protection. Cronobacter species are associated with necrotizing enterocolitis in newborns and show a strong tolerance to bile salts. However, little attempt has been made to focus on the molecular basis of the tolerance to bile salts. In this study, we investigated the roles of tolC on growth, cell morphology, motility, and biofilm formation ability in Cronobacter malonaticus under bile salt stress. The results indicated that the absence of tolC significantly affected the colony morphology and outer membrane structure in a normal situation, compared with those of the wild type strain. The deletion of tolC caused the decline in resistance to bile salt stress, inhibition of growth, and observable reduction in relative growth rate and motility. Moreover, the bacterial stress response promoted the biofilm formation ability of the mutant strain. The expression of the AcrAB-TolC system (acrA, acrB, and tolC) was effectively upregulated compared with the control sample when exposed to different bile salt concentrations. The findings provide valuable information for deeply understanding molecular mechanisms about the roles of tolC under bile salt stress and the prevention and control of C. malonaticus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Na Ling
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Yizhong Shen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Danfeng Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Dengyu Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Dexin Ou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Qingping Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China.
| | - Yingwang Ye
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Huang Y, Pei Q, Deng R, Zheng X, Guo J, Guo D, Yang Y, Liang S, Shi C. Inactivation Efficacy of 405 nm LED Against Cronobacter sakazakii Biofilm. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:610077. [PMID: 33329502 PMCID: PMC7728857 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.610077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the inactivation efficacy of a 405-nm light-emitting diode (LED) against Cronobacter sakazakii biofilm formed on stainless steel and to determine the sensitivity change of illuminated biofilm to food industrial disinfectants. The results showed that LED illumination significantly reduced the population of viable biofilm cells, showing reduction of 2.0 log (25°C), 2.5 log (10°C), and 2.0 log (4°C) between the non-illuminated and LED-illuminated groups at 4 h. Images of confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy revealed the architectural damage to the biofilm caused by LED illumination, which involved destruction of the stereoscopic conformation of the biofilm. Moreover, the loss of biofilm components (mainly polysaccharide and protein) was revealed by attenuated total reflection Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy, and the downregulation of genes involved in C. sakazakii biofilm formation was confirmed by real time quantitative PCR analysis, with greatest difference observed in fliD. In addition, the sensitivity of illuminated-biofilm cells to disinfectant treatment was found to significantly increased, showing the greatest sensitivity change with 1.5 log reduction between non-LED and LED treatment biofilms in the CHX-treated group. These results indicated that 405 nm LED illumination was effective at inactivating C. sakazakii biofilm adhering to stainless steel. Therefore, the present study suggests the potential of 405 nm LED technology in controlling C. sakazakii biofilms in food processing and storage, minimizing the risk of contamination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yixiao Huang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Quanwei Pei
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ruisha Deng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaoying Zheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jialu Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Du Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yanpeng Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Sen Liang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Shi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang M, Zhang X, Tong L, Ou D, Wang Y, Zhang J, Wu Q, Ye Y. Random Mutagenesis Applied to Reveal Factors Involved in Oxidative Tolerance and Biofilm Formation in Foodborne Cronobacter malonaticus. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:877. [PMID: 31118922 PMCID: PMC6504702 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cronobacter species are linked with life-treating diseases in neonates and show strong tolerances to environmental stress. However, the information about factors involved in oxidative tolerance in Cronobacter remains elusive. Here, factors involved in oxidative tolerance in C. malonaticus were identified using a transposon mutagenesis. Eight mutants were successfully screened based on a comparison of the growth of strains from mutant library (n = 215) and wild type (WT) strain under 1.0 mM H2O2. Mutating sites including thioredoxin 2, glutaredoxin 3, pantothenate kinase, serine/threonine protein kinase, pyruvate kinase, phospholipase A, ferrous iron transport protein A, and alanine racemase 2 were successfully identified by arbitrary PCR and sequencing alignment. Furthermore, the comparison about quantity and structure of biofilms formation among eight mutants and WT was determined using crystal violet staining (CVS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Results showed that the biofilms of eight mutants significantly decreased within 48 h compared to that of WT, suggesting that mutating genes play important roles in biofilm formation under oxidative stress. The findings provide valuable information for deeply understanding molecular mechanism about oxidative tolerance of C. malonaticus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maofeng Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.,State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiyan Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Liaowang Tong
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Dexin Ou
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingwang Ye
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.,State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang X, Gao J, Ling N, Zeng H, Tong L, Zhang M, Zhang J, Wu Q, Ye Y. Short communication: Roles of outer membrane protein W on survival, cellular morphology, and biofilm formation of Cronobacter sakazakii in response to oxidative stress. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:2017-2021. [PMID: 30638998 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-14643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cronobacter species are a group of opportunistic food-borne pathogens that cause rare but severe infections in neonates. Tolerance to environmental stress in Cronobacter is known; however, factors involved in oxidative stress are undefined. In this study, Cronobacter sakazakii survival, cellular morphology, and biofilm formation in response to oxidative stress were evaluated between the wild type (WT) and an outer membrane protein W (OmpW) mutant. The survival rates of ΔOmpW strain after treatment with 1.0 and 1.5 mM hydrogen peroxide were significantly reduced compared with those of WT. Morphological changes, including cell membrane damage and cell fragmentation, in ΔOmpW were more predominant than those in WT. By crystal violet staining, we also observed increased biomass in ΔOmpW biofilms as compared with WT following treatment with 0.5 and 1.0 mM H2O2. Biofilms using scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy further confirmed the structural changes of biofilms between WT and ΔOmpW in response to oxidative stress. The current findings show that OmpW contributed to survival of planktonic cells under oxidative stress and the deletion of OmpW facilitated the biofilm formation in C. sakazakii to adapt to oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiyan Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Jina Gao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Na Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Haiyan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Liaowang Tong
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Maofeng Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Qingping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, China.
| | - Yingwang Ye
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tong L, Jiao R, Zhang X, Ou D, Wang Y, Zhang J, Wu Q, Ye Y. Inhibitory effects of chitosan on Cronobacter malonaticus cells and biofilm formation. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
7
|
Tong L, Zhang M, Zhang X, Wang Y, Ou D, Zhang J, Wu Q, Ye Y. Exploration of factors in response to low acid tolerance using random mutagenesis in Cronobacter malonaticus. Food Res Int 2018; 116:994-999. [PMID: 30717032 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cronobacter species are associated with rare but severe infections in newborns, and their tolerance to environmental stress such as acid stress has been described. However, the factors involved in low acid tolerance in Cronobacter are poorly understood. Here, a transposon mutagenesis approach was used to explore the factors involved in acid tolerance in C. malonaticus. Eight mutants from mutant library (n = 215) were successfully screened through a comparison of growth with wild type (WT) strain under acid stress (pH 4.0). Eight mutating sites including glucosyltransferase MdoH, extracellular serine protease, sulfate transporter, phosphate transporter permease subunit PstC, lysine transporter, nitrogen regulation protein NR (II), D-alanine-D-alanine ligase, glucan biosynthesis protein G were successfully identified by arbitrary polymerase chain reaction and sequencing. The biomass of biofilm of eight mutants were significantly reduced using crystal violet staining (CVS) compared with that of WT. furthermore, the more compact biofilms of WT was observed than those of eight mutants through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Disassembly of biofilms appeared among mutants and WT strain from 48 h to 72 h through the increasing of dead cells and reduction of viable cells and exopolysaccharide. The study reveals the molecular basis involved in acid tolerance of C. malonaticus and a possible relationship between biofilm formation and acid tolerance, which provides valuable information for survival of C. malonaticus under acid stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liaowang Tong
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Maofeng Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Xiyan Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Dexin Ou
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Qingping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, China.
| | - Yingwang Ye
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ling N, Li C, Zhang J, Wu Q, Zeng H, He W, Ye Y, Wang J, Ding Y, Chen M, Xue L, Ye Q, Guo W. Prevalence and Molecular and Antimicrobial Characteristics of Cronobacter spp. Isolated From Raw Vegetables in China. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1149. [PMID: 29922254 PMCID: PMC5996200 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cronobacter spp. is a foodborne pathogen that causes life-threatening and invasive diseases, such as necrotizing enterocolitis, meningitis, and sepsis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence, molecular characteristics and antimicrobial resistance of Cronobacter spp. in raw vegetables marketed in China. Based on dietary habits in China, 403 raw vegetables that could be eaten without additional cooking were collected. Of the 403 samples tested, 122 (30.27%) were positive for Cronobacter spp., and the contamination levels exceeded 110 most probable number (MPN)/g for 16.39% (20/122) of the samples. Coriander samples had the highest contamination rate of 52.81%, and the MPN values of 19.15% of positive coriander samples exceeded 100 MPN/g. Eleven serotypes were identified among 171 isolates, with Cronobacter sakazakii serogroup O1 (41 isolates) being the dominant serotype. Molecular characterization indicated that there was quite high genetic diversity in Cronobacter spp., and multilocus sequence typing analyses yielded 106 sequence types (STs), 55 of which were newly identified. Notably, the most prevalent ST (eight isolates) was C. malonaticus ST60, which appeared in a recent clinical infectious disease study in China. Five C. sakazakii ST4, seven C. malonaticus ST7, and three C. sakazakii ST8 confirmed as pathogenic STs in other countries were also detected in this study. Furthermore, all isolates were susceptible to amikacin, amoxicillin-clavulanic, cefepime, ciprofloxacin, and imipenem, but some isolates exhibited a high ratio of resistance to cephalothin (59.65%). In this study, the high contamination rate and the detection of pathogenic and new STs in raw vegetables indicated potential hazards to customers. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to provide valuable information on the contamination status of Cronobacter spp. in vegetables that can be eaten raw in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Ling
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengsi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing He
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingwang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Moutong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinghua Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weipeng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ye Y, Ling N, Gao J, Zhang X, Zhang M, Tong L, Zeng H, Zhang J, Wu Q. Roles of outer membrane protein W (OmpW) on survival, morphology, and biofilm formation under NaCl stresses in Cronobacter sakazakii. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:3844-3850. [PMID: 29477536 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cronobacter sakazakii is an important foodborne pathogen associated with rare but severe infections through consumption of powdered infant formula. Tolerance to osmotic stress in Cronobacter has been described. However, the detailed factors involved in tolerance to osmotic stress in C. sakazakii are poorly understood. In this study, roles of outer membrane protein W (OmpW) on survival rates, morphologic changes of cells, and biofilm formation in C. sakazakii under different NaCl concentrations between wild type (WT) and OmpW mutant (ΔOmpW) were determined. The survival rates of ΔOmpW in Luria-Bertani medium with 3.5% or 5.5% NaCl were reduced significantly, and morphological injury of ΔOmpW was significantly increased compared with survival and morphology of WT. Compared with biofilm formation of the WT strain, biofilms in ΔOmpW were significantly increased in Luria-Bertani with 3.5% or 5.5% NaCl using crystal violet staining assay after 48 and 72 h of incubation. Detection of biofilms using confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy further confirmed the changes of biofilm formation under different NaCl stresses. This study demonstrates that OmpW contributes to survival of cells in planktonic mode under NaCl stresses, and biofilm formation is increased in ΔOmpW in response to NaCl stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingwang Ye
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, China.
| | - Na Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Jina Gao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Xiyan Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Maofeng Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Liaowang Tong
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Haiyan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Qingping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang M, Zhang X, Tong L, Wang Y, Ou D, Zhang J, Wu Q, Ye Y. Genes involved in tolerance to osmotic stress by random mutagenesis in Cronobacter malonaticus. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:3851-3858. [PMID: 29454685 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cronobacter malonaticus is one of the opportunistic food-borne pathogens in powdered infant formula and has unusual abilities to survive under environmental stresses such as osmotic conditions. However, the genes involved in osmotic stress have received little attention in C. malonaticus. Here, genes involved in osmotic stress were determined in C. malonaticus using a transposon mutagenesis approach. According to the growth of mutants (n = 215) under 5.0% NaCl concentration, the survival of 5 mutants under osmotic stress was significantly decreased compared with that of the wild type strain. Five mutating sites, including potassium efflux protein KefA, inner membrane protein YqjF, peptidylprolyl isomerase, Cys-tRNA(Pro)/Cys-tRNA(Cys) deacylase, and oligogalacturonate lyase were successfully identified. In addition, the biofilm formation of 5 mutants was determined using crystal violet staining, scanning electron microscopy, and confocal laser scanning microscopy, and the biofilms of 5 mutants significantly decreased within 72 h compared with that of wild type strain. This is the first report to determine the genes involved in osmotic tolerance in C. malonaticus. The findings provided valuable information for deep understanding of the mechanism of survival of C. malonaticus under osmotic stress, and a possible relationship between biofilm formation and tolerance to osmotic stress was also demonstrated in C. malonaticus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maofeng Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Xiyan Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Liaowang Tong
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Dexin Ou
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Qingping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, China.
| | - Yingwang Ye
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tutar E, Akıncı KS, Akyol İ. Development and application of a new multiplex real-time PCR assay for simultaneous identification of Brucella melitensis
, Cronobacter sakazakii
and Listeria monocytogenes
in raw milk and cheese. INT J DAIRY TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0307.12500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Esen Tutar
- Science and Letters Faculty; Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University; 46060/Avşar Campus Kahramanmaraş Turkey
| | - Kübra Sueda Akıncı
- Health Sciences University; Health Sciences Faculty; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics; 34668/Üsküdar İstanbul Turkey
| | - İsmaİl Akyol
- Agricultural Biotechnology Department; Agriculture Faculty; Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University; 46060/Avşar Campus Kahramanmaraş Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ye Y, Zhang M, Jiao R, Ling N, Zhang X, Tong L, Zeng H, Zhang J, Wu Q. Inactivation of Cronobacter malonaticus cells and inhibition of its biofilm formation exposed to hydrogen peroxide stress. J Dairy Sci 2017; 101:66-74. [PMID: 29102134 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Presence of Cronobacter malonaticus in powdered infant formula (PIF) poses a high risk to infant and public health. Cronobacter malonaticus has been widely distributed in food and food processing environments, and the true origin of C. malonaticus in PIF is poorly understood. Control and prevention of C. malonaticus is necessary for achieving microbial safety of PIF. However, little information about decontamination of C. malonaticus is available. In this study, effects of hydrogen peroxide on inactivation and morphological changes of C. malonaticus cells were determined. Furthermore, inhibitory effects of H2O2 on biofilm formation in C. malonaticus were also performed. Results indicated that H2O2 could completely inactivate C. malonaticus in sterile water with 0.06% H2O2 for 25 min, 0.08% H2O2 for 15 min, and 0.10% for 10 min, respectively, whereas the survival rates of C. malonaticus in tryptic soy broth medium significantly increased with the same treatment time and concentration of H2O2. In addition, morphological changes of C. malonaticus cells, including cell shrinkage, disruption of cells, cell intercession, and leakage of intercellular material in sterile water after H2O2 treatment, were more predominant than those in tryptic soy broth. Finally, significant reduction in biofilm formation by H2O2 was found using crystal violet staining, scanning electron microscopy, and confocal laser scanning microscopy detection compared with control samples. This is the first report to determine the effects of H2O2 on C. malonaticus cells and biofilm formation. The findings provided valuable information for practical application of H2O2 for decontamination of C. malonaticus in dairy processing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingwang Ye
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, China.
| | - Maofeng Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Rui Jiao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Na Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Xiyan Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Liaowang Tong
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Haiyang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Qingping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Jiao R, Gao J, Zhang X, Zhang M, Chen J, Wu Q, Zhang J, Ye Y. Short communication: Effects of vacuum freeze-drying on inactivation of Cronobacter sakazakii ATCC29544 in liquid media with different initial inoculum levels. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:1674-1678. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-11937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
|
14
|
Abusheliabi A, Al-Rumaithi HO, Olaimat AN, Al-Nabulsi AA, Osaili T, Shaker R, Ayyash MM. Inhibitory effect of camel milk on Cronobacter sakazakii. J Food Saf 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Abusheliabi
- Food Science Department, College of Food and Agriculture; United Arab Emirates University; Al Ain United Arab Emirates
| | - Hind O. Al-Rumaithi
- Food Control Division, Abu Dhabi Food Control Authority (AFDCA); Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
| | - Amin N. Olaimat
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics; Hashemite University; Zarqa Jordan
| | - Anas A. Al-Nabulsi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology; Jordan University of Science and Technology; Irbid Jordan
| | - Tareq Osaili
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology; Jordan University of Science and Technology; Irbid Jordan
| | - Reyad Shaker
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics; University of Sharjah; Sharjah United Arab Emirates
| | - Mutamed M. Ayyash
- Food Science Department, College of Food and Agriculture; United Arab Emirates University; Al Ain United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ye Y, Ling N, Han Y, Cao X, Wu Q. Detection of C
ronobacter
on glu
B
Gene and Differentiation of Four C
ronobacter
Species by Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Typing. J Food Saf 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yingwang Ye
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering; Hefei University of Technology; Hefei 230009 China
| | - Na Ling
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering; Hefei University of Technology; Hefei 230009 China
| | - Yongjia Han
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering; Hefei University of Technology; Hefei 230009 China
| | - Xiaodong Cao
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering; Hefei University of Technology; Hefei 230009 China
| | - Qingping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology; South China (The Ministry-Province Joint Development); Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application; Guangdong Institute of Microbiology; Guangzhou China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ling N, Ye Y, Li H, Wu Q, Han Y, Lu Y. A Novel Procedure on Vancomycin, Cephalothin and Sucrose for Isolation of C
ronobacter
spp. from Powdered Infant Formula. J Food Saf 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Na Ling
- Biotechnology and Food Engineering; Hefei University of Technology; Hefei 230009 China
| | - Yingwang Ye
- Biotechnology and Food Engineering; Hefei University of Technology; Hefei 230009 China
| | - Hui Li
- Biotechnology and Food Engineering; Hefei University of Technology; Hefei 230009 China
| | - Qingping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, South China (the Ministry - Province Joint Development); Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application; Guangdong Institute of Microbiology; Guangzhou 510070 China
| | - Yongjia Han
- Biotechnology and Food Engineering; Hefei University of Technology; Hefei 230009 China
| | - Yudong Lu
- Biotechnology and Food Engineering; Hefei University of Technology; Hefei 230009 China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Li S, Huang R, Shah NP, Tao X, Xiong Y, Wei H. Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of exopolysaccharides from Bifidobacterium bifidum WBIN03 and Lactobacillus plantarum R315. J Dairy Sci 2014; 97:7334-43. [PMID: 25282420 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2014-7912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of exopolysaccharide (EPS) from Bifidobacterium bifidum WBIN03 (B-EPS) and Lactobacillus plantarum R315 (L-EPS). The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-radical scavenging, hydroxyl radical-scavenging, and superoxide radical-scavenging abilities were measured to evaluate antioxidant activity. Inhibition of erythrocyte hemolysis and lipid peroxidation was also measured. Both B-EPS and L-EPS had strong scavenging ability against DPPH and superoxide radicals at high concentration. The inhibitory effect of B-EPS on erythrocyte hemolysis was stronger than that of L-EPS in a concentration range from 0.30 to 1.00 mg/mL, whereas the hydroxyl scavenging ability of L-EPS (39.15 ± 0.58%) was significantly higher than that of 0.15 mg/mL ascorbic acid (24.33 ± 1.17%) and B-EPS (17.89 ± 3.30%) at 0.10 mg/mL. The inhibition of lipid peroxidation of 0.50 mg/mL B-EPS and L-EPS was 13.48 ± 1.74% and 12.43 ± 0.51%, respectively, values lower than that of ascorbic acid at the same concentration (23.20 ± 1.41%). Furthermore, all these abilities were enhanced in a concentration-dependent manner. Agar diffusion assay showed that both EPS exhibited antibacterial activities against tested pathogens such as Cronobacter sakazakii, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphyloccocus aureus, Candida albicans, Bacillus cereus, Salmonella typhimurium, and Shigella sonnei at 300 μg/mL. In conclusion, both EPS have antimicrobial and antioxidant activities and could have applications in the food industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, P. R. China; Jiangxi-OAI Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, P. R. China
| | - Renhui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, P. R. China
| | - Nagendra P Shah
- Food and Nutritional Science, School of Biological Science, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Xueying Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, P. R. China; Jiangxi-OAI Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, P. R. China
| | - Yonghua Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, P. R. China; Jiangxi-OAI Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, P. R. China
| | - Hua Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, P. R. China; Jiangxi-OAI Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Xu F, Li P, Ming X, Yang D, Xu H, Wu X, Shah NP, Wei H. Detection of Cronobacter species in powdered infant formula by probe-magnetic separation PCR. J Dairy Sci 2014; 97:6067-75. [PMID: 25108865 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2014-8287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cronobacter species are opportunistic foodborne pathogens associated with serious infections in preterm neonates and infants. Based on the epidemiological research, infant formula products are considered to be the main source of infections from this organism. Therefore, accurate methods are required for detection of Cronobacter species. In this study, the specific probe and primers for detection of this organism were designed and verified. The probe-magnetic beads were prepared for sequence capture, followed by PCR assay to detect the target gene. This probe-magnetic separation PCR assay could detect as few as 10(3) cfu/mL of Cronobacter in artificially contaminated infant formulas in less than 4 h. The combination of magnetic beads and PCR showed the potential for the detection of Cronobacter in infant formulas and may have applications in the dairy industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, P. R. China
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, P. R. China
| | - Xing Ming
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, P. R. China
| | - Dong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, P. R. China
| | - Hengyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Wu
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Nagendra P Shah
- Food and Nutritional Science, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong.
| | - Hua Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|