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Hu RS, Zhang FK, Ma QN, Ehsan M, Zhao Q, Zhu XQ. Transcriptomic landscape of hepatic lymph nodes, peripheral blood lymphocytes and spleen of swamp buffaloes infected with the tropical liver fluke Fasciola gigantica. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010286. [PMID: 35320269 PMCID: PMC8942208 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The tropical liver fluke Fasciola gigantica is a parasitic helminth that has been frequently reported to infect mammals, typically involving water buffaloes. In this study, we characterized the tissue transcriptional landscape of buffaloes following infection by F. gigantica. RNAs were isolated from hepatic lymph nodes (hLNs), peripheral blood lymphocytes (pBLs), and spleen at 3-, 42- and 70-days post-infection (dpi), and all samples were subjected to RNA sequencing analyses. At 3 dpi, 2603, 460, and 162 differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) were detected in hLNs, pBLs, and spleen, respectively. At 42 dpi, 322, 937, and 196 DETs were detected in hLNs, pBLs, and spleen, respectively. At 70 dpi, 376, 334, and 165 DETs were detected in hLNs, pBLs, and spleen, respectively. Functional enrichment analysis identified upregulated immune-related pathways in the infected tissues involved in innate and adaptive immune responses, especially in hLNs at 42 and 70 dpi, and pBLs at 3 and 42 dpi. The upregulated transcripts in spleen were not enriched in any immune-related pathway. Co-expression network analysis further identified transcriptional changes associated with immune response to F. gigantica infection. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that 107 genes in hLNs, 32 genes in pBLs, and 36 genes in spleen correlated with F. gigantica load. These findings provide new insight into molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways associated with F. gigantica infection in buffaloes. Fasciola gigantica is a socioeconomically important tropical liver fluke of mammals, causing fascioliasis–a neglected tropical disease. In the present study, RNA sequencing and bioinformatic approach were employed to explore the global transcriptional changes of hepatic lymph nodes (hLNs), peripheral blood lymphocytes (pBLs), and spleen of water buffaloes during F. gigantica infection at 3-, 42-, and 70-days post-infection (dpi). The results revealed significant transcriptional upregulation of genes associated with innate and adaptive immune responses in infected hLNs (42 and 70 dpi) and pBLs (3 and 42 dpi). However, downregulation of transcripts involved in immune response was detected in pBLs at 70 dpi. The downregulated transcripts were enriched in metabolic pathways, such as drug metabolism-cytochrome P450 in infected hLNs at 3 dpi. These findings provide new insight into the pathogenesis of F. gigantica in its natural mammalian host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Si Hu
- College of Life Science, Changchun Sci-Tech University, Shuangyang, Jilin Province, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fu-Kai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiao-Ni Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Ehsan
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab Province, Pakistan
| | - Quan Zhao
- College of Life Science, Changchun Sci-Tech University, Shuangyang, Jilin Province, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (QZ); (X-QZ)
| | - Xing-Quan Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health of Yunnan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (QZ); (X-QZ)
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Zhang X, Jin X, Guan L, Lin X, Li X, Li Y. IgG4-Related Disease With Gastrointestinal Involvement: Case Reports and Literature Review. Front Immunol 2022; 13:816830. [PMID: 35359937 PMCID: PMC8960130 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.816830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
IgG4-related disease is an immune-mediated chronic, systemic, and autoinflammatory disease that can affect various organs throughout the body. The most commonly affected areas are the pancreas and biliary system. Due to the diverse clinical manifestations of the disease, it affects widely distributed organs. Thus, it is often easy to misdiagnose or miss. The digestive tract is a rarely affected system, and most IgG4-related gastric diseases manifest as tumors detected by endoscopy. This article reports two special cases with IgG4-related disease involving atrophic gastritis and intestinal polyps to provide a more empirical and theoretical basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhe Zhang
- Gastroenterology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xing Jin
- Gastroenterology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lin Guan
- Gastroenterology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xuyong Lin
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xuedan Li
- Radiology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yiling Li
- Gastroenterology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Yiling Li,
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Abstract
The success of antibody therapy in cancer is consistent with the ability of these molecules to activate immune responses against tumors. Experience in clinical applications, antibody design, and advancement in technology have enabled antibodies to be engineered with enhanced efficacy against cancer cells. This allows re-evaluation of current antibody approaches dominated by antibodies of the IgG class with a new light. Antibodies of the IgE class play a central role in allergic reactions and have many properties that may be advantageous for cancer therapy. IgE-based active and passive immunotherapeutic approaches have been shown to be effective in both in vitro and in vivo models of cancer, suggesting the potential use of these approaches in humans. Further studies on the anticancer efficacy and safety profile of these IgE-based approaches are warranted in preparation for translation toward clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai Sum Leoh
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, CHS 54-140, Box 951782, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1782, USA
| | - Tracy R. Daniels-Wells
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, CHS 54-140, Box 951782, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1782, USA
| | - Manuel L. Penichet
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, CHS 54-140, Box 951782, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1782, USA. Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, 609 Charles E. Young Dr. East, 1602 Molecular Science Building, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. The Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Ave, 8-684 Factor Building, Box 951781, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. The Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, 611 Charles E. Young Dr., Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Won TJ, Kim B, Lee Y, Bang JS, Oh ES, Yoo JS, Hyung KE, Yoon J, Hwang S, Park ES, Park SY, Hwang KW. Therapeutic potential of Lactobacillus plantarum CJLP133 for house-dust mite-induced dermatitis in NC/Nga mice. Cell Immunol 2012; 277:49-57. [PMID: 22726349 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2012.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2011] [Revised: 05/18/2012] [Accepted: 05/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lactobacillus plantarum CJLP133 was isolated from Kimchi, a Korean fermented food, and its potential to improve mouse atopic dermatitis after onset was studied. Dermatitis was developed through house dust-mite extract application onto NC/Nga mice, and then CJLP133 feeding was started. CJLP133 suppressed dermatitis-like skin lesions and decreased high serum IgE levels through balancing between IL-4 and IFN-γ in serum. CJLP133 diminished skin thickening, mast cell accumulation into inflamed site, and lymph node enlargement. In lymph node cells, CJLP133 repressed secretion of T cell cytokines such as IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10. However, CJLP133 decreased ratios of IFN-γ and IL-5 to IL-10 in lymph node cells, while it did not decrease ratios of IL-4 and IL-5 to IFN-γ. Conclusively, CJLP133 exhibited therapeutic potential for atopic dermatitis in mice through orderly increment of type 1 helper T cell activation and regulatory T cell activation. These results suggest that CJLP133 could treat human atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Joon Won
- Laboratory of Host Defense Modulation, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 221 Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
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JENG KCG, LIU MT, WU CH, WONG DW, LAN JL. American cockroach Cr-PI allergen induces lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production in atopic patients. Clin Exp Allergy 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.1996.tb00102.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Feliciani C, Gupta AK, Sauder DN. Keratinocytes and cytokine/growth factors. CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ORAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE : AN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF ORAL BIOLOGISTS 1996; 7:300-18. [PMID: 8986393 DOI: 10.1177/10454411960070040101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Cytokines are polypeptide growth factors produced by most nucleated cells in the body, including epithelial cells, keratinocytes, and Langerhans cells in the skin. Cytokines can be classified into interleukins, tumor necrosis factors, chemokines, colony-stimulating factor, interferons, and growth factors. Like classic hormones, cytokines bind to specific receptors to transmit their messages to target cells. Cytokine receptors can be divided into three cytokine receptor superfamilies: the immunoglobulin superfamily, the hematopoietin family, and the tumor necrosis factor family. Following cytokine/cytokine-receptor binding (first messenger), a signal transduction pathway is initiated. Factors affecting homeostasis in the skin and oral mucosa include a delicate balance between cytokines/cytokine-receptors and their antagonists. An imbalance in these variables can influence the development of cutaneous and oral diseases-such as lichen planus, autoimmune disorders, and some neoplastic processes- and can affect wound healing. Potential uses of cytokines include cancer and antiviral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Feliciani
- Department of Dermatology, University G. D'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Aalberse
- Department of Allergy, Holy Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Sugita N, Suzuki T, Yoshie H, Yoshida N, Adachi M, Hara K. Differential expression of CR3, Fc epsilon RII and Fc gamma RIII on polymorphonuclear leukocytes in gingival crevicular fluid. J Periodontal Res 1993; 28:363-72. [PMID: 8410601 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.1993.tb01080.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) are the most numerous cell population among the cellular infiltrates in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and play important roles in the host-defensive system in the gingival crevices. We determined the percentage of neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils in total PMNLs by light microscopic observation using Randolph-methylene blue staining, then assessed flow cytometric differences in the expression of CR3, Fc gamma RIII, Fc epsilon RII, LFA-1 alpha, and LFA-1 beta on PMNL in GCF and peripheral blood (PB) from 21 patients with adult periodontitis (AP) and 13 healthy donors. Percentages of basophils and eosinophils were higher in GCF than in PB. In both AP patients and healthy subjects, expression of CR3 and Fc epsilon RII was higher while Fc gamma RIII was lower in GCF than in PB. The statistical analysis showed that the expressions of Fc gamma RIII and Fc epsilon RII on GCF PMNLs were lower in AP patients than in healthy subjects. Expressions of LFA-1 alpha and beta on GCF were similar to those on PB PMNLs. PB PMNLs stimulated in vitro with Porphyromonas gingivalis culture supernatant and fMLP displayed an expression pattern of CR3, Fc gamma RIII and Fc epsilon RII on GCF PMNLs. However, C5a and IL-1 failed to induce changes in Fc gamma RIII and Fc epsilon RII. The results indicate that GCF neutrophils are activated, present enhanced adhesion and a decreased IgG-binding ability which would reflect that they are at the terminal stage of activation, and that GCF contains a larger eosinophil fraction than in PB. Moreover, these GCF eosinophils appear to be activated.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Sugita
- Department of Periodontology, Niigata University School of Dentistry, Japan
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Mahler SJ, De Villez RL, Pulitzer DR. Transient acantholytic dermatosis induced by recombinant human interleukin 4. J Am Acad Dermatol 1993; 29:206-9. [PMID: 8335740 DOI: 10.1016/0190-9622(93)70169-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin 4 is one of many cytokines under investigation about its possible role in the pathogenesis and treatment of disease. Transient acantholytic dermatosis is of uncertain origin. It has not previously been linked to drug ingestion and is generally not believed to have an immunologic basis. OBJECTIVE Our purpose was to describe the clinical characteristics and histologic features of a cutaneous eruption caused by interleukin 4. METHODS Three patients in whom an eruption developed after they received intravenous recombinant human interleukin 4 were examined and biopsy specimens were evaluated. RESULTS These patients had a pruritic papulovesicular eruption that was consistent, both clinically and histologically, with transient acantholytic dermatosis. None of the other conditions believed to precipitate transient acantholytic dermatosis was present in our patients. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report of a cutaneous side effect of interleukin 4. This may be antibody-mediated or related to increased production of tissue-type plasminogen activator.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Mahler
- Division of Dermatology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio 78284-7876
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Vowels BR, Cassin M, Vonderheid EC, Rook AH. Aberrant cytokine production by Sezary syndrome patients: cytokine secretion pattern resembles murine Th2 cells. J Invest Dermatol 1992; 99:90-4. [PMID: 1607682 DOI: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12611877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Sezary syndrome (SzS), the leukemic stage of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL), is typically a CD4+ T-cell lympho-proliferative disease characterized by numerous immunologic abnormalities, including decreased T-cell responses to antigens and mitogens, decreased natural killer and lymphocyte-activated killer cell activities, eosinophilia, and increased levels of immunoglobulins, particularly IgE and IgA. Because this constellation of abnormalities is reminiscent of the pleiotropic in vitro activities of IL-4 and IL-5, we examined the possibility that malignant T cells in SzS may be producing increased amounts of IL-4 with a concomitant decrease in IL-2 and IFN-gamma production. Such a cytokine secretion pattern would be similar to that produced by murine Th2 cells. Serum IL-4 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay measurements revealed that 33% of SzS patients (n = 21) had levels of IL-4 significantly higher (mean, 7.2 pg/ml; range, 0-48, p less than 0.05) than normal controls (mean, 1.59; range, 0-3.1). Although the majority of tested patients had elevated serum IgE, no direct correlation between serum IL-4 levels and serum IgE levels was observed. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) isolated from SzS patients and stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) produced significantly higher levels of interleukin (IL)-4 and significantly lower levels of IL-2 and interferon (IFN)-gamma than did PBMC from normal controls (p less than 0.02, p less than 0.05, and p less than 0.02, respectively). PBMC from SzS patients in remission produced IL-4 and IL-2 levels similar to that of the normal controls. To determine if IFN-gamma could inhibit the increased IL-4 production by PHA-stimulated PBMC from SzS patients, IFN-gamma was added to culture at 0, 24, or 48 h prior to the addition of PHA. Significant decreases in IL-4 production were seen only in cultures incubated with IFN-gamma for 24 and 48 h prior to the addition of PHA. IL-2 levels were not affected by IFN-gamma incubation. The increased IL-4 and decreased IL-2 and IFN-gamma production by PBMC from SzS patients suggests that Sezary cells have a cytokine profile similar to murine Th2 cells. Moreover, this cytokine secretion pattern may play an integral role in the immunopathogenesis of advanced CTCL. The results also suggest that IFN-gamma be a useful component in the spectrum of therapeutic approaches to SzS.
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Affiliation(s)
- B R Vowels
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104
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Kawai K, Kawai K, Kamei N, Kishimoto S. Levels of serum IgE, serum soluble-Fc epsilon RII, and Fc epsilon RII(+) peripheral blood lymphocytes in atopic dermatitis. J Dermatol 1992; 19:285-92. [PMID: 1644953 DOI: 10.1111/j.1346-8138.1992.tb03226.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Levels of serum IgE, serum soluble-Fc epsilon RII (S-Fc epsilon RII), and Fc epsilon RII(+) peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) were examined in 73 patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) and 17 control subjects with no atopic disease, in order to investigate the correlation of these parameters with AD. AD patients showed increases in IgE, S-Fc epsilon RII and Fc epsilon RII(+)PBL as compared with control subjects. In AD patients, levels of serum IgE and Fc epsilon RII(+)PBL increased as the extent of dermatitis became more severe, while levels of serum S-Fc epsilon RII showed no correlation with the extent of dermatitis. In 8 of the 73 AD patients who showed an improvement in their symptoms with treatment with topical corticosteroids or antihistamine, IgE, Fc epsilon RII(+)PBL, and S-Fc epsilon RII were measured before and after treatment. Fc epsilon RII(+)PBL correlated with disease activity; IgE and S-Fc epsilon RII did not show any such correlation. Patients with elevated IgE levels (IgE greater than 5,000 U/ml) showed low levels of S-Fc epsilon RII. Severely affected cases with a history of respiratory atopy also showed decreased S-Fc epsilon RII levels. It is believed that S-Fc epsilon RII binds to IgE in serum and may neutralize or down-regulate IgE mediated allergic reactions. A low level of S-Fc epsilon RII may cause an elevation of IgE and an exacerbation of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kawai
- Kawai Clinic, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Japan
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