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Qi Y, Qin Q, Liao G, Tong L, Jin C, Wang B, Fang W. Unveiling the super tolerance of Candida nivariensis to oxidative stress: insights into the involvement of a catalase. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0316923. [PMID: 38206032 PMCID: PMC10846165 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03169-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Yeast cells involved in fermentation processes face various stressors that disrupt redox homeostasis and cause cellular damage, making the study of oxidative stress mechanisms crucial. In this investigation, we isolated a resilient yeast strain, Candida nivariensis GXAS-CN, capable of thriving in the presence of high concentrations of H2O2. Transcriptomic analysis revealed the up-regulation of multiple antioxidant genes in response to oxidative stress. Deletion of the catalase gene Cncat significantly impacted H2O2-induced oxidative stress. Enzymatic analysis of recombinant CnCat highlighted its highly efficient catalase activity and its essential role in mitigating H2O2. Furthermore, over-expression of CnCat in Saccharomyces cerevisiae improved oxidative resistance by reducing intracellular ROS accumulation. The presence of multiple stress-responsive transcription factor binding sites at the promoters of antioxidative genes indicates their regulation by different transcription factors. These findings demonstrate the potential of utilizing the remarkably tolerant C. nivariensis GXAS-CN or enhancing the resistance of S. cerevisiae to improve the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of industrial fermentation processes.IMPORTANCEEnduring oxidative stress is a crucial trait for fermentation strains. The importance of this research is its capacity to advance industrial fermentation processes. Through an in-depth examination of the mechanisms behind the remarkable H2O2 resistance in Candida nivariensis GXAS-CN and the successful genetic manipulation of this strain, we open the door to harnessing the potential of the catalase CnCat for enhancing the oxidative stress resistance and performance of yeast strains. This pioneering achievement creates avenues for fine-tuning yeast strains for precise industrial applications, ultimately leading to more efficient and cost-effective biotechnological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Qi
- Institute of Biological Science and Technology, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Qijian Qin
- Institute of Biological Science and Technology, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Guiyan Liao
- Institute of Biological Science and Technology, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Lige Tong
- Institute of Biological Science and Technology, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Cheng Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Institute of Biological Science and Technology, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Wenxia Fang
- Institute of Biological Science and Technology, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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Mao Y, Ma Y, Chen T, Ma X, Xu Y, Bu J, Li Q, Jin B, Wang Y, Li Y, Cui G, Zhao Y, Tang J, Shen Y, Lai C, Zeng W, Chen M, Guo J, Huang L. Functional Integration of Two CYP450 Genes Involved in Biosynthesis of Tanshinones for Improved Diterpenoid Production by Synthetic Biology. ACS Synth Biol 2020; 9:1763-1770. [PMID: 32551504 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.0c00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) are important enzymes in the secondary metabolism of plants and have been recognized as key players in bioengineering and synthetic biology. Previously reported CYP76AH1 and CYP76AH3, having greater than 80% sequence homology, played a continuous catalytic role in the biosynthesis of tanshinones in Salvia miltiorrhiza. Homology modeling indicates that four sites might be responsible for differences in catalytic activity between the two enzymes. A series of modeling-based mutational variants of CYP76AH1 were designed to integrate the functions of the two CYPs. The mutant CYP76AH1D301E,V479F, which integrated the functions of CYP76AH1 and CYP76AH3, was found to efficiently catalyze C11 and C12 hydroxylation and C7 oxidation of miltiradiene substrates. Integration and utilization of CYP76AH1D301E,V479F by synthetic biology methods allowed the robust production of 11-hydroxy ferruginol, sugiol, and 11-hydroxy sugiol in yeast. The functionally integrated CYP gene after active site modifications improves catalytic efficiency by reducing the transfer of intermediate metabolites between component proteins. This provides a synthetic biology reference for improving the catalytic efficiencies of systems that produce plant natural products in microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Mao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Ying Ma
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Tong Chen
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xiaohui Ma
- Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yanqin Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Junling Bu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Qishuang Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013,China
| | - Baolong Jin
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yong Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Guanghong Cui
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yujun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jinfu Tang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Ye Shen
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Changjiangsheng Lai
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Wen Zeng
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Min Chen
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Juan Guo
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Luqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
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Sun L, Kwak S, Jin YS. Vitamin A Production by Engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae from Xylose via Two-Phase in Situ Extraction. ACS Synth Biol 2019; 8:2131-2140. [PMID: 31374167 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.9b00217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin A is an essential human micronutrient and plays critical roles in vision, reproduction, immune system, and skin health. Current industrial methods for the production of vitamin A rely on chemical synthesis from petroleum-derived substrates, such as acetone and acetylene. Here, we developed a biotechnological method for production of vitamin A from an abundant and nonedible sugar. Specifically, we engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae to produce vitamin A from xylose-the second most abundant sugar in plant cell wall hydrolysates-by introducing a β-carotene biosynthetic pathway, and a gene coding for β-carotene 15,15'-dioxygenase (BCMO) into a xylose-fermenting S. cerevisiae. The resulting yeast strain produced vitamin A from xylose at a titer 4-fold higher than from glucose. When a two-phase in situ extraction strategy with dodecane or olive oil as an extractive agent was employed, vitamin A production improved additional 2-fold. Furthermore, a xylose fed-batch fermentation with dodecane in situ extraction achieved a final titer of 3350 mg/L vitamin A, which consisted of retinal (2094 mg/L) and retinol (1256 mg/L). These results suggest that potential limiting factors of vitamin A production in yeast, such as insufficient supply of isoprenoid precursors, and limited intracellular storage capacity, can be effectively addressed by using xylose as a carbon source, and two-phase in situ extraction. The engineered S. cerevisiae and fermentation strategies described in this study might contribute to sustainable and economic production of vitamin A, and vitamin A-enriched bioproducts from renewable biomass.
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Walker RSK, Pretorius IS. Applications of Yeast Synthetic Biology Geared towards the Production of Biopharmaceuticals. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:E340. [PMID: 29986380 PMCID: PMC6070867 DOI: 10.3390/genes9070340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Engineered yeast are an important production platform for the biosynthesis of high-value compounds with medical applications. Recent years have witnessed several new developments in this area, largely spurred by advances in the field of synthetic biology and the elucidation of natural metabolic pathways. This minireview presents an overview of synthetic biology applications for the heterologous biosynthesis of biopharmaceuticals in yeast and demonstrates the power and potential of yeast cell factories by highlighting several recent examples. In addition, an outline of emerging trends in this rapidly-developing area is discussed, hinting upon the potential state-of-the-art in the years ahead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy S K Walker
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, Australia.
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Adnan M, Zheng W, Islam W, Arif M, Abubakar YS, Wang Z, Lu G. Carbon Catabolite Repression in Filamentous Fungi. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 19:ijms19010048. [PMID: 29295552 PMCID: PMC5795998 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon Catabolite Repression (CCR) has fascinated scientists and researchers around the globe for the past few decades. This important mechanism allows preferential utilization of an energy-efficient and readily available carbon source over relatively less easily accessible carbon sources. This mechanism helps microorganisms to obtain maximum amount of glucose in order to keep pace with their metabolism. Microorganisms assimilate glucose and highly favorable sugars before switching to less-favored sources of carbon such as organic acids and alcohols. In CCR of filamentous fungi, CreA acts as a transcription factor, which is regulated to some extent by ubiquitination. CreD-HulA ubiquitination ligase complex helps in CreA ubiquitination, while CreB-CreC deubiquitination (DUB) complex removes ubiquitin from CreA, which causes its activation. CCR of fungi also involves some very crucial elements such as Hexokinases, cAMP, Protein Kinase (PKA), Ras proteins, G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), Adenylate cyclase, RcoA and SnfA. Thorough study of molecular mechanism of CCR is important for understanding growth, conidiation, virulence and survival of filamentous fungi. This review is a comprehensive revision of the regulation of CCR in filamentous fungi as well as an updated summary of key regulators, regulation of different CCR-dependent mechanisms and its impact on various physical characteristics of filamentous fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Adnan
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Wenhui Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Waqar Islam
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Muhammad Arif
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Yakubu Saddeeq Abubakar
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Zonghua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Guodong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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Salinas F, Rojas V, Delgado V, Agosin E, Larrondo LF. Optogenetic switches for light-controlled gene expression in yeast. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:2629-2640. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8178-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Suástegui M, Shao Z. Yeast factories for the production of aromatic compounds: from building blocks to plant secondary metabolites. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 43:1611-1624. [PMID: 27581441 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-016-1824-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The aromatic amino acid biosynthesis pathway is a source to a plethora of commercially relevant chemicals with very diverse industrial applications. Tremendous efforts in microbial engineering have led to the production of compounds ranging from small aromatic molecular building blocks all the way to intricate plant secondary metabolites. Particularly, the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been a great model organism given its superior capability to heterologously express long metabolic pathways, especially the ones containing cytochrome P450 enzymes. This review contains a collection of state-of-the-art metabolic engineering work devoted towards unraveling the mechanisms for enhancing the flux of carbon into the aromatic pathway. Some of the molecules discussed include the polymer precursor muconic acid, as well as important nutraceuticals (flavonoids and stilbenoids), and opium-derived drugs (benzylisoquinoline alkaloids).
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Suástegui
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50010, USA.,NSF Engineering Research Center for Biorenewable Chemicals, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50010, USA
| | - Zengyi Shao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50010, USA. .,Microbiology Interdisciplinary Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50010, USA. .,NSF Engineering Research Center for Biorenewable Chemicals, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50010, USA.
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Juhas M, Ajioka JW. High molecular weight DNA assembly in vivo for synthetic biology applications. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2016; 37:277-286. [PMID: 26863154 DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2016.1141394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
DNA assembly is the key technology of the emerging interdisciplinary field of synthetic biology. While the assembly of smaller DNA fragments is usually performed in vitro, high molecular weight DNA molecules are assembled in vivo via homologous recombination in the host cell. Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae are the main hosts used for DNA assembly in vivo. Progress in DNA assembly over the last few years has paved the way for the construction of whole genomes. This review provides an update on recent synthetic biology advances with particular emphasis on high molecular weight DNA assembly in vivo in E. coli, B. subtilis and S. cerevisiae. Special attention is paid to the assembly of whole genomes, such as those of the first synthetic cell, synthetic yeast and minimal genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Juhas
- a Department of Pathology , University of Cambridge , Tennis Court Road , Cambridge , UK
| | - James W Ajioka
- a Department of Pathology , University of Cambridge , Tennis Court Road , Cambridge , UK
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Abstract
Glucose is the primary source of energy for the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Although yeast cells can utilize a wide range of carbon sources, presence of glucose suppresses molecular activities involved in the use of alternate carbon sources as well as it represses respiration and gluconeogenesis. This dominant effect of glucose on yeast carbon metabolism is coordinated by several signaling and metabolic interactions that mainly regulate transcriptional activity but are also effective at post-transcriptional and post-translational levels. This review describes effects of glucose repression on yeast carbon metabolism with a focus on roles of the Snf3/Rgt2 glucose-sensing pathway and Snf1 signal transduction in establishment and relief of glucose repression. The role of Snf1 signaling in glucose repression and carbon metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ömur Kayikci
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Kemivägen 10, Chalmers University of Technology, SE41296 Gothenburg, Sweden Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Chalmers University of Technology, SE41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jens Nielsen
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Kemivägen 10, Chalmers University of Technology, SE41296 Gothenburg, Sweden Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Chalmers University of Technology, SE41296 Gothenburg, Sweden Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
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