1
|
Genetic Diversity Analysis Reveals Potential of the Green Peach Aphid ( Myzus persicae) Resistance in Ethiopian Mustard. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213736. [PMID: 36430212 PMCID: PMC9699141 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Brassica carinata (BBCC, 2n = 34) is commonly known as Ethiopian mustard, Abyssinian mustard, or carinata. Its excellent agronomic traits, including resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, make it a potential genetic donor for interspecific hybridization. Myzus persicae (green peach aphid, GPA) is one of the most harmful pests of Brassica crops, significantly effecting the yield and quality. However, few aphid-resistant Brassica crop germplasms have been utilized in breeding practices, while the underlying biochemical basis of aphid resistance still remains poorly understood. In this study, we examined the genetic diversity of 75 B. carinata accessions and some plant characteristics that potentially contribute to GPA resistance. Initially, the morphological characterization showed abundant diversity in the phenotypic traits, with the dendrogram indicating that the genetic variation of the 75 accessions ranged from 0.66 to 0.98. A population structure analysis revealed that these accessions could be grouped into two main subpopulations and one admixed group, with the majority of accessions (86.67%) clustering in one subpopulation. Subsequently, there were three GPA-resistant B. carinata accessions, BC13, BC47, and BC51. The electrical penetration graph (EPG) assay detected resistance factors in the leaf mesophyll tissue and xylem. The result demonstrated that the Ethiopian mustard accessions were susceptible when the phloem probing time, the first probe time, and the G-wave time were 20.51-32.51 min, 26.36-55.54 s, and 36.18-47.84 min, respectively. In contrast, resistance of the Ethiopian mustard accessions was observed with the phloem probing time, the first probe time, and G-wave time of 41.18-70.78 min, 181.07-365.85 s, and 18.03-26.37 min, respectively. In addition, the epidermal characters, leaf anatomical structure, glucosinolate composition, defense-related enzyme activities, and callose deposition were compared between the resistant and susceptible accessions. GPA-resistant accessions had denser longitudinal leaf structure, higher wax content on the leaf surface, higher indole glucosinolate level, increased polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity, and faster callose deposition than the susceptible accessions. This study validates that inherent physical and chemical barriers are evidently crucial factors in the resistance against GPA infestation. This study not only provide new insights into the biochemical basis of GPA resistance but also highlights the GPA-resistant B. carinata germplasm resources for the future accurate genetic improvement of Brassica crops.
Collapse
|
2
|
Transcriptomic and metabolomic changes triggered by Macrosiphum rosivorum in rose (Rosa longicuspis). BMC Genomics 2021; 22:885. [PMID: 34886808 PMCID: PMC8656021 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-08198-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rose is one of the most popular flowers in the wold. Its field growth and quality are negatively affected by aphids. However, the defence mechanisms used by rose plants against aphids are unclear. Therefore, to understand the defence mechanism of rose under aphid stress, transcriptome and metabolome techniques were used to investigate the regulation mechanism in R. longicuspis infected with M. rosivorum. RESULT In our study, after inoculation with M. rosivorum, M. rosivorum quickly colonized R. longicuspis. A total of 34,202 genes and 758 metabolites were detected in all samples. Under M. rosivorum stress, R. longicuspis responded by MAPK cascades, plant hormone signal transduction pathway activation, RlMYBs and RlERFs transcription factors expression and ROS production. Interestingly, the 'brassinosteroid biosynthesis' pathway was significantly enriched in A3 d-vs.-A5 d. Further analysis showed that M. rosivorum induced the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites such as terpenoids, tannins and phenolic acids, among others. Importantly, the 'glutathione metabolic' and 'glucosinolate biosynthesis' pathways were significantly enriched, which involved in the rose against aphids. CONCLUSION Our study provides candidate genes and metabolites for Rosa defence against aphids. This study provides a theoretical basis for further exploring the molecular regulation mechanism of rose aphid resistance and aphid resistance breeding in the future.
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang J, Song J, Wu XB, Deng QQ, Zhu ZY, Ren MJ, Ye M, Zeng RS. Seed priming with calcium chloride enhances wheat resistance against wheat aphid Schizaphis graminum Rondani. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:4709-4718. [PMID: 34146457 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcium is an essential macronutrient for plant growth. Although it has been shown that exogenous Ca application can increase plant resistance to abiotic stress, little is known about its potential to enhance plant tolerance to biotic stress. Here, we investigated whether pretreatment of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seeds with calcium chloride (CaCl2 ) improves plant resistance against wheat aphid (Schizaphis graminum Rondani). The developmental time, population size, feeding behavior of aphids on plants grown from CaCl2 - and water-pretreated seeds, and plant defense responses to aphid attack were investigated. RESULTS Seed pretreatment with CaCl2 extended aphid development time and reduced aphid population size and feeding efficiency. In addition, the pretreatment significantly increased the concentration of Ca2+ in wheat leaves, and upregulated expression levels of TaCaM genes and callose synthase genes (TaGSL2, TaGSL8, TaGSL10, TaGSL12, TaGSL19, TaGSL22 and TaGSL23). Callose concentration in the leaves of plants grown from CaCl2 -pretreated seeds increased significantly upon aphid attack. Further, callose deposition was observed mainly in the phloem. CONCLUSION These results suggest that seed pretreatment with CaCl2 primes the plant response against wheat aphid attack, leading to modulation of callose deposition in the phloem in response to aphid attack. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Regions, Guiyang, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests in Guiyang, Ministry of Agriculture, Guiyang, China
| | - Jia Song
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Regions, Guiyang, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests in Guiyang, Ministry of Agriculture, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiao-Bao Wu
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Regions, Guiyang, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests in Guiyang, Ministry of Agriculture, Guiyang, China
| | - Qian-Qian Deng
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Regions, Guiyang, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests in Guiyang, Ministry of Agriculture, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhong-Yan Zhu
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Regions, Guiyang, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests in Guiyang, Ministry of Agriculture, Guiyang, China
| | - Ming-Jian Ren
- Guizhou Branch of the National Wheat Improvement Center, Guiyang, China
| | - Mao Ye
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Regions, Guiyang, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests in Guiyang, Ministry of Agriculture, Guiyang, China
| | - Ren-Sen Zeng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding, and Multiple Uses of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang G, Zhou JJ, Li Y, Gou Y, Quandahor P, Liu C. Trehalose and glucose levels regulate feeding behavior of the phloem-feeding insect, the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15864. [PMID: 34354165 PMCID: PMC8342477 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95390-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Trehalose serves multifarious roles in growth and development of insects. In this study, we demonstrated that the high trehalose diet increased the glucose content, and high glucose diet increased the glucose content but decreased the trehalose content of Acyrthosiphon pisum. RNA interference (RNAi) of trehalose-6-phosphate synthase gene (ApTPS) decreased while RNAi of trehalase gene (ApTRE) increased the trehalose and glucose contents. In the electrical penetration graph experiment, RNAi of ApTPS increased the percentage of E2 waveform and decreased the percentage of F and G waveforms. The high trehalose and glucose diets increased the percentage of E2 waveform of A. pisum red biotype. The correlation between feeding behavior and sugar contents indicated that the percentage of E1 and E2 waveforms were increased but np, C, F and G waveforms were decreased in low trehalose and glucose contents. The percentage of np, E1 and E2 waveforms were reduced but C, F and G waveforms were elevated in high trehalose and glucose contents. The results suggest that the A. pisum with high trehalose and glucose contents spent less feeding time during non-probing phase and phloem feeding phase, but had an increased feeding time during probing phase, stylet work phase and xylem feeding phase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guang Wang
- grid.411734.40000 0004 1798 5176College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 China ,Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730070 China
| | - Jing-Jiang Zhou
- grid.411734.40000 0004 1798 5176College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 China ,grid.443382.a0000 0004 1804 268XState Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang, 550025 China
| | - Yan Li
- grid.411734.40000 0004 1798 5176College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 China ,Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730070 China
| | - Yuping Gou
- grid.411734.40000 0004 1798 5176College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 China ,Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730070 China
| | - Peter Quandahor
- grid.411734.40000 0004 1798 5176College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 China ,Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730070 China
| | - Changzhong Liu
- grid.411734.40000 0004 1798 5176College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 China ,Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730070 China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pant S, Huang Y. Elevated production of reactive oxygen species is related to host plant resistance to sugarcane aphid in sorghum. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2021; 16:1849523. [PMID: 33270502 PMCID: PMC7849690 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1849523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Sugarcane aphid (Melanaphis sacchari) is a phloem-feeding insect that severely affects the growth and productivity of sorghum and other related crops. While a growing body of knowledge is accumulating regarding plant, and insect interactions, the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) against aphid infestation in sorghum has not been established yet. Here, the involvement of H2O2 and ROS detoxification enzymes in host plant resistance to sugarcane aphid in sorghum was demonstrated. The H2O2 accumulation and expression patterns of selected ROS scavenging enzymes including ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione S transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) in response to sugarcane aphid infestation at 3, 6, 9, and 12 days post infestation (dpi) in resistant (Tx2783) and susceptible (Tx7000) sorghum genotypes were assessed, respectively. A significant increase in H2O2 accumulation was observed in resistant genotypes at all time points studied as compared to susceptible plants. Furthermore, gene expression analysis revealed that in responding to attack by sugarcane aphid, antioxidant genes were induced in both genotypes, but much stronger in the resistant line. Furthermore, aphid survival and fecundity were significantly inhibited in resistant plants compared to susceptible plants. Taken together, our results suggest that the elevated accumulation of H2O2 and the strong upregulation of the antioxidant genes in sorghum may have contributed to host plant resistance in Tx2783 against sugarcane aphid but the weak expression of those antioxidant genes in Tx7000 resulted in the failure of attempting defense against sugarcane aphid. This report also provides the experimental evidence for the role of ROS involvement in the early defensive response to an attack by sugarcane aphid in sorghum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shankar Pant
- Plant Science Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Yinghua Huang
- Plant Science Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Stillwater, OK, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Goggin FL, Fischer HD. Reactive Oxygen Species in Plant Interactions With Aphids. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:811105. [PMID: 35251065 PMCID: PMC8888880 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.811105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydrogen peroxide and superoxide are produced in plants in response to many biotic and abiotic stressors, and they can enhance stress adaptation in certain circumstances or mediate symptom development in others. The roles of ROS in plant-pathogen interactions have been extensively studied, but far less is known about their involvement in plant-insect interactions. A growing body of evidence, however, indicates that ROS accumulate in response to aphids, an economically damaging group of phloem-feeding insects. This review will cover the current state of knowledge about when, where, and how ROS accumulate in response to aphids, which salivary effectors modify ROS levels in plants, and how microbial associates influence ROS induction by aphids. We will also explore the potential adaptive significance of intra- and extracellular oxidative responses to aphid infestation in compatible and incompatible interactions and highlight knowledge gaps that deserve further exploration.
Collapse
|
7
|
Greenbug (Schizaphis graminum) herbivory significantly impacts protein and phosphorylation abundance in switchgrass (Panicum virgatum). Sci Rep 2020; 10:14842. [PMID: 32908168 PMCID: PMC7481182 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71828-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is an important crop for biofuel production but it also serves as host for greenbugs (Schizaphis graminum Rondani; GB). Although transcriptomic studies have been done to infer the molecular mechanisms of plant defense against GB, little is known about the effect of GB infestation on the switchgrass protein expression and phosphorylation regulation. The global response of the switchgrass cultivar Summer proteome and phosphoproteome was monitored by label-free proteomics shotgun in GB-infested and uninfested control plants at 10 days post infestation. Peptides matching a total of 3,594 proteins were identified and 429 were differentially expressed proteins in GB-infested plants relative to uninfested control plants. Among these, 291 and 138 were up and downregulated by GB infestation, respectively. Phosphoproteome analysis identified 310 differentially phosphorylated proteins (DP) from 350 phosphopeptides with a total of 399 phosphorylated sites. These phosphopeptides had more serine phosphorylated residues (79%), compared to threonine phosphorylated sites (21%). Overall, KEGG pathway analysis revealed that GB feeding led to the enriched accumulation of proteins important for biosynthesis of plant defense secondary metabolites and repressed the accumulation of proteins involved in photosynthesis. Interestingly, defense modulators such as terpene synthase, papain-like cysteine protease, serine carboxypeptidase, and lipoxygenase2 were upregulated at the proteome level, corroborating previously published transcriptomic data.
Collapse
|
8
|
Yao L, Yang B, Ma X, Wang S, Guan Z, Wang B, Jiang Y. A Genome-Wide View of Transcriptional Responses during Aphis glycines Infestation in Soybean. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5191. [PMID: 32707968 PMCID: PMC7432633 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) is one of the major limiting factors in soybean production. The mechanism of aphid resistance in soybean remains enigmatic as little information is available about the different mechanisms of antibiosis and antixenosis. Here, we used genome-wide gene expression profiling of aphid susceptible, antibiotic, and antixenotic genotypes to investigate the underlying aphid-plant interaction mechanisms. The high expression correlation between infested and non-infested genotypes indicated that the response to aphid was controlled by a small subset of genes. Plant response to aphid infestation was faster in antibiotic genotype and the interaction in antixenotic genotype was moderation. The expression patterns of transcription factor genes in susceptible and antixenotic genotypes clustered together and were distant from those of antibiotic genotypes. Among them APETALA 2/ethylene response factors (AP2/ERF), v-myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog (MYB), and the transcription factor contained conserved WRKYGQK domain (WRKY) were proposed to play dominant roles. The jasmonic acid-responsive pathway was dominant in aphid-soybean interaction, and salicylic acid pathway played an important role in antibiotic genotype. Callose deposition was more rapid and efficient in antibiotic genotype, while reactive oxygen species were not involved in the response to aphid attack in resistant genotypes. Our study helps to uncover important genes associated with aphid-attack response in soybean genotypes expressing antibiosis and antixenosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luming Yao
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (L.Y.); (X.M.)
| | - Biyun Yang
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; (B.Y.); (S.W.); (Z.G.)
| | - Xiaohong Ma
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (L.Y.); (X.M.)
| | - Shuangshuang Wang
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; (B.Y.); (S.W.); (Z.G.)
| | - Zhe Guan
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; (B.Y.); (S.W.); (Z.G.)
| | - Biao Wang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (L.Y.); (X.M.)
| | - Yina Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; (B.Y.); (S.W.); (Z.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Parisi M, Alioto D, Tripodi P. Overview of Biotic Stresses in Pepper ( Capsicum spp.): Sources of Genetic Resistance, Molecular Breeding and Genomics. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2587. [PMID: 32276403 PMCID: PMC7177692 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pepper (Capsicum spp.) is one of the major vegetable crops grown worldwide largely appreciated for its economic importance and nutritional value. This crop belongs to the large Solanaceae family, which, among more than 90 genera and 2500 species of flowering plants, includes commercially important vegetables such as tomato and eggplant. The genus includes over 30 species, five of which (C. annuum, C. frutescens, C. chinense, C. baccatum, and C. pubescens) are domesticated and mainly grown for consumption as food and for non-food purposes (e.g., cosmetics). The main challenges for vegetable crop improvement are linked to the sustainable development of agriculture, food security, the growing consumers' demand for food. Furthermore, demographic trends and changes to climate require more efficient use of plant genetic resources in breeding programs. Increases in pepper consumption have been observed in the past 20 years, and for maintaining this trend, the development of new resistant and high yielding varieties is demanded. The range of pathogens afflicting peppers is very broad and includes fungi, viruses, bacteria, and insects. In this context, the large number of accessions of domesticated and wild species stored in the world seed banks represents a valuable resource for breeding in order to transfer traits related to resistance mechanisms to various biotic stresses. In the present review, we report comprehensive information on sources of resistance to a broad range of pathogens in pepper, revisiting the classical genetic studies and showing the contribution of genomics for the understanding of the molecular basis of resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Parisi
- CREA Research Centre for Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, 84098 Pontecagnano Faiano, Italy;
| | - Daniela Alioto
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy;
| | - Pasquale Tripodi
- CREA Research Centre for Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, 84098 Pontecagnano Faiano, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sun M, Voorrips RE, van Kaauwen M, Visser RGF, Vosman B. The ability to manipulate ROS metabolism in pepper may affect aphid virulence. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2020; 7:6. [PMID: 31908809 PMCID: PMC6938493 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-019-0231-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Myzus persicae has severe economic impact on pepper (Capsicum) cultivation. Previously, we identified two populations of M. persicae, NL and SW, that were avirulent and virulent, respectively on C. baccatum accession PB2013071. The transcriptomics approach used in the current study, which is the first study to explore the pepper-aphid interaction at the whole genome gene expression level, revealed genes whose expression is differentially regulated in pepper accession PB2013071 upon infestation with these M. persicae populations. The NL population induced ROS production genes, while the SW population induced ROS scavenging genes and repressed ROS production genes. We also found that the SW population can induce the removal of ROS which accumulated in response to preinfestion with the NL population, and that preinfestation with the SW population significantly improved the performance of the NL population. This paper supports the hypothesis that M. persicae can overcome the resistance in accession PB2013071 probably because of its ability to manipulate plant defense response especially the ROS metabolism and such ability may benefit avirulent conspecific aphids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengjing Sun
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 386, 6700 AJ Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Roeland E. Voorrips
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 386, 6700 AJ Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Martijn van Kaauwen
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 386, 6700 AJ Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Richard G. F. Visser
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 386, 6700 AJ Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Ben Vosman
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 386, 6700 AJ Wageningen, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|