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Peng Y, Wang Y, Kang X, Cai X. Genomic insights of the emerging human pathogen Proteus appendicitidis sp. nov. Heliyon 2024; 10:e37114. [PMID: 39286101 PMCID: PMC11402766 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Proteus are known as opportunistic human pathogens that can cause a variety of infections. Proteus appendicitidis is a novel Proteus species associated with appendicitis, whereas their genomic characteristics and virulence potential remain understudied. This study aims to compare the genomic features of P. appendicitidis to that of the close Proteus species, and to assess its virulence-factor encoding capacity as an emerging pathogen. Methods Genomes similar to that of P. appendicitidis HZ0627T were retrieved from the PATRIC-v3.6.10 web-server using the implanted Similar Genome Finder tool. Average nucleotide identity (ANI) between HZ0627T and the retrieved genomes was calculated using FastANI-v1.33. Core-genome sequences were extracted using Roary-v3.13.0, and core-genomic tree was constructed using FastTree-v2.1.11. Virulence-factor encoding capacity was predicted using PathoFact-v1.0. Results Two previously unclassified Proteus sp. strains were reclassified as P. appendicitidis. Strains phylogenomically close to P. appendicitidis were clustered into five species, three of which were previously categorized under P. vulgaris biogroup 3. Remarkably, Proteus genomosp. 6 was identified as the closest species to P. appendicitidis, exhibiting ANI values ranging from 94.45 % to 94.95 % against HZ0627T. Genome annotation revealed shared genomic features and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes between P. appendicitidis and its phylogenetic neighbors. Additionally, P. appendicitidis is hypothesized to share infection mechanisms with Proteus genomosp. 6, as evidenced by the encoding of numerous virulence factors implicated in cell lysis and membrane pore-formation in the genome of both species. Conclusions This study provides genomic insights of P. appendicitidis sp. nov. and its taxonomic relatives, shedding light on their evolutionary relationships, pathogenic mechanisms, and AMR profiles. The findings are significant for the development of targeted therapeutic interventions against infections caused by this emerging pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yanting Wang
- Department of Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xingxing Kang
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Medical Informatics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Xunchao Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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Wang X, Li H, Yang Y, Wu Z, Wang Z, Li D, Xia W, Zou S, Liu Y, Wang F. Geographic and environmental impacts on gut microbiome in Himalayan langurs ( Semnopithecus schistaceus) and Xizang macaques ( Macaca mulatta vestita). Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1452101. [PMID: 39296299 PMCID: PMC11408304 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1452101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Gut microbiome plays a crucial role in the health of wild animals. Their structural and functional properties not only reflect the host's dietary habits and habitat conditions but also provide essential support for ecological adaptation in various environments. Methods This study investigated the gut microbiome of Himalayan langurs (Semnopithecus schistaceus) and Xizang macaques (Macaca mulatta vestita) across different geographic regions using 16S rRNA gene and metagenomic sequencing. Results Results showed distinct clustering patterns in gut microbiota based on geographic location. Soil had an insignificant impact on host gut microbiome. Himalayan langurs from mid-altitude regions exhibited higher levels of antibiotic resistance genes associated with multidrug resistance, while Xizang macaques from high-altitude regions showed a broader range of resistance genes. Variations in carbohydrate-active enzymes and KEGG pathways indicated unique metabolic adaptations to different environments. Discussion These findings provide valuable insights into the health and conservation of these primates and the broader implications of microbial ecology and functional adaptations in extreme conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology of Rhinopithecus roxellana (Department of Education of Sichuan Province), China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | - Hong Li
- Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology of Rhinopithecus roxellana (Department of Education of Sichuan Province), China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | - Yumin Yang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhijiu Wu
- Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Zhixiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology of Rhinopithecus roxellana (Department of Education of Sichuan Province), China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | - Dayong Li
- Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology of Rhinopithecus roxellana (Department of Education of Sichuan Province), China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | - Wancai Xia
- Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology of Rhinopithecus roxellana (Department of Education of Sichuan Province), China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | - Shuzhen Zou
- Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology of Rhinopithecus roxellana (Department of Education of Sichuan Province), China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | - Yujia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology of Rhinopithecus roxellana (Department of Education of Sichuan Province), China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology of Rhinopithecus roxellana (Department of Education of Sichuan Province), China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
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Kong N, Hu Y, Lan C, Bi S. A novel PCR-based genotyping method for Proteus mirabilis - Intergenic region polymorphism analysis. J Microbiol Methods 2024; 224:107008. [PMID: 39103095 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2024.107008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Proteus mirabilis is a predominant species in cases of food poisoning associated with meat products and is also an opportunistic pathogen causing numerous infections in humans. This study aimed to differentiate P. mirabilis isolates using intergenic region polymorphism analysis (IRPA). The IRPA typing scheme was developed to amplify polymorphic fragments in intergenic regions (IGRs). The presence, absence, or size change of amplified products were identified and utilized as genetic markers for rapid differentiation of strains. A total of 75 P. mirabilis isolates were isolated from 63 fresh poultry and pork samples were subtyped using the IRPA and ERIC-PCR methods, and their antibiotic resistance profiles were tested. The majority of P. mirabilis isolates showed resistance to tetracycline (85.3%), doxycycline (93.3%), chloramphenicol (82.7%), streptomycin (92.0%), spectinomycin (80.0%), trimethoprim (97.3%); trimethoprim-sulfalleth (82.7%), and erythromycin (100.0%). In contrast, resistance rates to ceftriaxon, cefoxitin, cefepime, and cefotaxim were lower at only 17.3%, 5.3%, 6.7%, and 13.3%, respectively, among P. mirabilis isolates. Eleven loci were selected for analysis of the genetic diversity of 75 P. mirabilis isolates. A combination of 4 loci was determined as the optimal combination. The results compared to those obtained using ERIC-PCR for the same isolates. The Simpson's index of diversity was 0.999 for IRPA and 0.923 for ERIC-PCR, indicating that IRPA has a higher discriminatory power than ERIC-PCR. The concordance between IRPA and ERIC-PCR methods was low, primarily because IRPA classified isolates from the same ERIC cluster into separate clusters due to its high resolution. The IRPA method presented in this study offers a rapid, simple, reproducible, and economical approach for genotyping P. mirabilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nianqing Kong
- College of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong 528458, China; Nanfang Hospital Baiyun Branch, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510600, China
| | - Yilin Hu
- College of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong 528458, China
| | - Chenglu Lan
- College of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong 528458, China
| | - Shuilian Bi
- College of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong 528458, China.
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Wang Q, Dong K, Liu X, Li W, Bian Q. Genetic characteristics of chromosomally integrated carbapenemase gene (bla NDM-1) in isolates of Proteus mirabilis. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:216. [PMID: 38890647 PMCID: PMC11186132 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03365-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to conduct an in-depth genomic analysis of a carbapenem-resistant Proteus mirabilis strain to uncover the distribution and mechanisms of its resistance genes. METHODS The research primarily utilized whole-genome sequencing to analyze the genome of the Proteus mirabilis strain. Additionally, antibiotic susceptibility tests were conducted to evaluate the strain's sensitivity to various antibiotics, and related case information was collected to analyze the clinical distribution characteristics of the resistant strain. RESULTS Study on bacterial strain WF3430 from a tetanus and pneumonia patient reveals resistance to multiple antibiotics due to extensive use. Whole-genome sequencing exposes a 4,045,480 bp chromosome carrying 29 antibiotic resistance genes. Two multidrug-resistant (MDR) gene regions, resembling Tn6577 and Tn6589, were identified (MDR Region 1: 64.83 Kb, MDR Region 2: 85.64 Kbp). These regions, consist of integrative and conjugative elements (ICE) structures, highlight the intricate multidrug resistance in clinical settings. CONCLUSION This study found that a CR-PMI strain exhibits a unique mechanism for acquiring antimicrobial resistance genes, such as blaNDM-1, located on the chromosome instead of plasmids. According to the results, there is increasing complexity in the mechanisms of horizontal transmission of resistance, necessitating a comprehensive understanding and implementation of targeted control measures in both hospital and community settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyu Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Kai Dong
- Department of Emergency, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Xudong Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Wanxiang Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Qianyu Bian
- Department of Hematology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, China.
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He J, Zhang Z, Qu H, Chen G, Zhou J, Zhou W, Peng Y, Cai X. Proteus appendicitidis sp. nov., isolated from the appendiceal pus of an appendicitis patient in Yongzhou, China. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:171. [PMID: 38491219 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-03887-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
A Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, short rod-shaped bacterium, designated as strain HZ0627T, was isolated from the appendiceal pus of a patient with appendicitis in Yongzhou, Hunan, China. This strain was subjected to comprehensive phenotypic, phylogenetic, and genomic analyses using polyphasic taxonomic methods. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that this strain belonged to the genus Proteus and the family Morganellaceae, whereas that based on the rpoB gene sequence and phylogenomic analysis demonstrated that this strain was distinctly separated from other type strains of Proteus species. Moreover, whole-genome-based analyses, including in silico DNA-DNA hybridization (isDDH) and average nucleotide identity (ANI), revealed that strain HZ0627T had much lower isDDH rates (24.5-55.6%) and ANI (82.04-93.90%) than those of the thresholds (i.e., 70% and 95%, respectively) for species delineation, when compared to the type strains of other Proteus species. The cellular fatty acid profile of strain HZ0627T was dominated by C16:0 (34.5%), cyclo C17:0 (25.8%), C14:0 (12.6%), C16:1 iso I/14:0 3-OH (7.7%), C18:1ω7c/18:1ω6c (6.5%), and C16:1ω7c/16:1ω6c (4.9%), which clearly differentiated it from the documented type strains of Proteus species. In addition, several specific physiological traits, including optimal growth temperature, tolerance to sodium chloride, and carbon source utilization, differed from those of other Proteus species. Therefore, we propose the name Proteus appendicitidis sp. nov. for strain HZ0627T (= CCTCC AB 2022380T = KCTC 92986T), which represents the type strain of this novel Proteus species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing He
- Department of Pharmacy, The Central Hospital of Yongzhou, Yongzhou, 425000, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiyun Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Yongzhou, Yongzhou, 425000, Hunan, China
| | - Haibo Qu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Central Hospital of Yongzhou, Yongzhou, 425000, Hunan, China
| | - Gongqin Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Central Hospital of Yongzhou, Yongzhou, 425000, Hunan, China
| | - Junfeng Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Central Hospital of Yongzhou, Yongzhou, 425000, Hunan, China
| | - Wangxi Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Central Hospital of Yongzhou, Yongzhou, 425000, Hunan, China
| | - Yao Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xunchao Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, Guangdong, China.
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Dong Z, Wu R, Liu L, Ai S, Yang J, Li Q, Fu K, Zhou Y, Fu H, Zhou Z, Liu H, Zhong Z, Qiu X, Peng G. Phage P2-71 against multi-drug resistant Proteus mirabilis: isolation, characterization, and non-antibiotic antimicrobial potential. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1347173. [PMID: 38500503 PMCID: PMC10945010 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1347173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Proteus mirabilis, a prevalent urinary tract pathogen and formidable biofilm producer, especially in Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection, has seen a worrying rise in multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains. This upsurge calls for innovative approaches in infection control, beyond traditional antibiotics. Our research introduces bacteriophage (phage) therapy as a novel non-antibiotic strategy to combat these drug-resistant infections. We isolated P2-71, a lytic phage derived from canine feces, demonstrating potent activity against MDR P. mirabilis strains. P2-71 showcases a notably brief 10-minute latent period and a significant burst size of 228 particles per infected bacterium, ensuring rapid bacterial clearance. The phage maintains stability over a broad temperature range of 30-50°C and within a pH spectrum of 4-11, highlighting its resilience in various environmental conditions. Our host range assessment solidifies its potential against diverse MDR P. mirabilis strains. Through killing curve analysis, P2-71's effectiveness was validated at various MOI levels against P. mirabilis 37, highlighting its versatility. We extended our research to examine P2-71's stability and bactericidal kinetics in artificial urine, affirming its potential for clinical application. A detailed genomic analysis reveals P2-71's complex genetic makeup, including genes essential for morphogenesis, lysis, and DNA modification, which are crucial for its therapeutic action. This study not only furthers the understanding of phage therapy as a promising non-antibiotic antimicrobial but also underscores its critical role in combating emerging MDR infections in both veterinary and public health contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyou Dong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ruihu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shengquan Ai
- New Ruipeng Pet Healthcare Group, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinpeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qianlan Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Keyi Fu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yunian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hualin Fu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ziyao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Haifeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhijun Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xianmeng Qiu
- New Ruipeng Pet Healthcare Group, Chengdu, China
| | - Guangneng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Sun H, Li H, Zhang X, Liu Y, Chen H, Zheng L, Zhai Y, Zheng H. The honeybee gut resistome and its role in antibiotic resistance dissemination. Integr Zool 2023; 18:1014-1026. [PMID: 36892101 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
There is now general concern about widespread antibiotic resistance, and growing evidence indicates that gut microbiota is critical in providing antibiotic resistance. Honeybee is an important pollinator; the incidence of antibiotic resistance genes in honeybee gut causes potential risks to not only its own health but also to public and animal health, for its potential disseminator role, thus receiving more attention from the public. Recent analysis results reveal that the gut of honeybee serves as a reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes, probably due to antibiotics application history in beekeeping and horizontal gene transfer from the highly polluted environment. These antibiotic resistance genes accumulate in the honeybee gut and could be transferred to the pathogen, even having the potential to spread during pollination, tending, social interactions, etc. Newly acquired resistance traits may cause fitness reduction in bacteria whereas facilitating adaptive evolution as well. This review outlines the current knowledge about the resistome in honeybee gut and emphasizes its role in antibiotic resistance dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Sun
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya, China
| | - Hu Li
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center on Biocontrol of Crops Diseases and Insect Pests, Jinan, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center on Biocontrol of Crops Diseases and Insect Pests, Jinan, China
| | - Li Zheng
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center on Biocontrol of Crops Diseases and Insect Pests, Jinan, China
| | - Yifan Zhai
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center on Biocontrol of Crops Diseases and Insect Pests, Jinan, China
| | - Hao Zheng
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center on Biocontrol of Crops Diseases and Insect Pests, Jinan, China
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Meng S, Xu Z, Wang X, Liu Y, Li B, Zhang J, Zhang X, Liu T. Synthesis and photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy against multi-drug resistant Proteus mirabilis of ornithine-porphyrin conjugates in vitro and in vivo. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1196072. [PMID: 37362917 PMCID: PMC10285166 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1196072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
For the treatment of bacterial infections, photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) has the advantage of circumventing multi-drug resistance. In this work, new cationic photosensitizers against multi-drug resistant Proteus mirabilis (MRPM) were designed and synthesized by the conjugation of amino phenyl porphyrin with basic amino acid L-ornithine. Their photoinactivation efficacies against MRPM in vitro were reported and include the influence of laser energy, uptake, MIC and MBC, dose-dependent photoinactivation effects, membrane integrity, and fluorescence imaging. The PACT in vivo was evaluated using a wound mouse model infected by MRPM. Photosensitizer 4d displayed high photo inactivation efficacy against MRPM at 7.81 μM under illumination, and it could accelerate wound healing via bactericidal effect. These ornithine-porphyrin conjugates are potential photosensitizers for PACT in the treatment of MRPM infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Meng
- Department of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Zengping Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
- Center for Drug Evaluation, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Xueming Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Bole Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaolong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianjun Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
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Cao K, Wang Y, Bai X, Wang J, Zhang L, Tang Y, Thuku RC, Hou W, Mo G, Chen F, Jin L. Comparison of Fecal Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Captive and Wild Asian Elephants. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:859. [PMID: 37237762 PMCID: PMC10215966 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12050859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) is a flagship species of tropical rainforests, and it has generated much concern. In this case, the gut bacterial communities of captive and wild Asian elephants are particularly noteworthy. We aim to compare the differences in bacterial diversity and antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) subtypes in fecal samples of Asian elephants from different habitats, which may affect host health. Analyses reveal that differences in the dominant species of gut bacteria between captive and wild Asian elephants may result in significant differences in ARGs. Network analysis of bacterial communities in captive Asian elephants has identified potentially pathogenic species. Many negative correlations in network analysis suggest that different food sources may lead to differences in bacterial communities and ARGs. Results also indicate that the ARG levels in local captive breeding of Asian elephants are close to those of the wild type. However, we found that local captive elephants carry fewer ARG types than their wild counterparts. This study reveals the profile and relationship between bacterial communities and ARGs in different sources of Asian elephant feces, providing primary data for captive breeding and rescuing wild Asian elephants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixun Cao
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (K.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Yepeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Xuewei Bai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Jishan Wang
- Asian Elephant Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Kunming 650031, China
- Southwest Survey and Planning Institute of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Kunming 650031, China
| | - Liting Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (K.C.)
| | - Yongjing Tang
- Asian Elephant Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Kunming 650031, China
- Southwest Survey and Planning Institute of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Kunming 650031, China
| | - Rebecca Caroline Thuku
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Wei Hou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Guoxiang Mo
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (K.C.)
| | - Fei Chen
- Asian Elephant Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Kunming 650031, China
- Southwest Survey and Planning Institute of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Kunming 650031, China
| | - Lin Jin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
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Yang J, Shan G, Yu G, Wei J, Zhang Q, Su W, Lin Q, Zheng Z, Wu G, Li G, Chang Q, Yuan H, He Y, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Huang H, Hu W, Song R, Weng Y, Li X, Liu S. Whole genome sequencing of multidrug-resistant Proteus mirabilis strain PM1162 recovered from a urinary tract infection in China. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2023; 33:44-50. [PMID: 36870531 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2023.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Proteus mirabilis is an important opportunistic Gram-negative pathogen. This study reports the whole genome sequence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) P. mirabilis PM1162 and explores its antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and their genetic environments. METHODS P. mirabilis PM1162 was isolated from a urinary tract infection in China. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined, and whole genome sequencing (WGS) was performed. ARGs, insertion sequence (IS) elements, and prophages were identified using ResFinder, ISfinder, and PHASTER software, respectively. Sequence comparisons and map generation were performed using BLAST and Easyfig, respectively. RESULTS On its chromosome, P. mirabilis PM1162 harboured 15 ARGs, including cat, tet(J), blaCTX-M-14 (three copies), aph(3')-Ia, qnrB4, blaDHA-1, qacE, sul1, armA, msr(E), mph(E), aadA1, and dfrA1. We focused our analysis on the four related MDR regions: (1) genetic contexts associated with blaCTX-M-14; (2) the prophage containing blaDHA-1, qnrB4, and aph(3')-Ia; (3) genetic environments associated with mph(E), msr(E), armA, sul, and qacE; and (4) the class II integron harbouring dfrA1, sat2, and aadA1. CONCLUSION This study reported the whole genome sequence of MDR P. mirabilis PM1162 and the genetic context of its ARGs. This comprehensive genomic analysis of MDR P. mirabilis PM1162 provides a deeper understanding of its MDR mechanism and elucidates the horizontal spread of its ARGs, thus providing a basis for the containment and treatment of the bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Zhuhai, China
| | - Ge Shan
- Department of Urology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Guangchao Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Wei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Qinghuan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Wen Su
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Qiuping Lin
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Zhixiong Zheng
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Guangliang Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Guangtian Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Qing Chang
- Medical Department, Hengqin Branch of Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai, China
| | - Hong Yuan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Zhuhai, China
| | - Yanju He
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Zhuhai, China
| | - Yanling Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Zhuhai, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Zhuhai, China
| | - Haile Huang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Zhuhai, China
| | - Wan Hu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Zhuhai, China
| | - Rongqing Song
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Zhuhai, China
| | - Yuqing Weng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Zhuhai, China.
| | - Xiaobin Li
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China.
| | - Shengming Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
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Ji F, Liu S, Wang X, Zhao J, Zhu J, Yang J, Zhang C, Jia Z, Zhao R, Hu G, Wang J, Qin J, Li G, Wu B, Wang C. Characteristics of the multiple replicon plasmid IncX1-X1 in multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli from Malayan pangolin (Manis javanica). Integr Zool 2023; 18:289-298. [PMID: 35192746 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Potential zoonotic pathogens may be transmitted from wildlife to humans through the illegal wild meat trade, which has become a pressing issue. However, research on the antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) of Malayan pangolin (Manis javanica) intestinal bacteria is limited. Here, multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli M172-1 (ST354) isolated from Malayan pangolin feces in 2019 was found to be resistant to 13 antibiotics. BGWAS analysis revealed 4 plasmids, namely, pM172-1.1, pM172-1.2, pM172-1.3, and pM172-1.4, in the isolate. The pM172-1.2, pM172-1.3, and pM172-1.4 plasmids carried ARGs, namely, IncHI2-HI2A, IncX1-X1, and IncX1, respectively. pM172-1.3 and pM172-1.4 contained intact IntI1 integrons (Is26/IntI1/arr2/cmlA5/blaOXA-10 /ant(3″)-IIA/dfrA14/Is26). Notably, pM172-1.3 resulted from the fusion of 2 pM172-1.4 copies and carried many more ARGs. In addition to pM172-1.3 from the same host, other drug-resistant bacteria (E. coli M159-1 (ST48), E. coli S171-1 (ST206), and Klebsiella pneumoniae S174-1 (ST2354)) in the same Malayan pangolin fecal samples also carried 3 plasmids with 100% gene coverage of pM172-1.4 and 99.98% identity. Therefore, ARGs in IncX1 might spread in the intestinal flora of Malayan pangolin and between species via the illegal food chain, posing a potential threat to public health and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Ji
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shelan Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianan Zhao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayue Zhu
- School of Bioengineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianchun Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenglin Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Captive Wildlife Technologies, Beijing Zoo, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongxin Jia
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruili Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, China
| | - Guocheng Hu
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Qin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, China
| | - Gang Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengmin Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China
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Wang X, Zhao J, Ji F, Wang M, Wu B, Qin J, Dong G, Zhao R, Wang C. Genomic Characteristics and Molecular Epidemiology of Multidrug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains Carried by Wild Birds. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0269122. [PMID: 36840587 PMCID: PMC10101063 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02691-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the relationship between wild birds and the transmission of multidrug-resistant strains. Klebsiella pneumoniae was isolated from fresh feces of captured wild birds and assessed by the broth microdilution method and comparative genomics. Four Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates showed different resistance phenotypes; S90-2 and S141 were both resistant to ampicillin, cefuroxime, and cefazolin, while M911-1 and S130-1 were sensitive to most of the 14 antibiotics tested. S90-2 belongs to sequence type 629 (ST629), and its genome includes 30 resistance genes, including blaCTX-M-14 and blaSHV-11, while its plasmid pS90-2.3 (IncR) carries qacEdelta1, sul1, and aph(3')-Ib. S141 belongs to ST1662, and its genome includes a total of 27 resistance genes, including blaSHV-217. M911-1 is a new ST, carrying blaSHV-1 and fosA6, and its plasmid pM911-1.1 (novel) carries qnrS1, blaLAP-2, and tet(A). S130-1 belongs to ST3753, carrying blaSHV-11 and fosA6, and its plasmid pS130-1 [IncFIB(K)] carries only one resistance gene, tet(A). pM911-1.1 and pS90-2.3 do not have conjugative transfer ability, but their resistance gene fragments are derived from multiple homologous Enterobacteriaceae strain chromosomes or plasmids, and the formation of resistance gene fragments (multidrug resistance region) involves interactions between multiple mobile element genes, resulting in a complex and diverse resistance plasmid structure. The homologous plasmids related to pM911-1.1 and pS90-2.3 were mainly from isolated human-infecting bacteria in China, namely, K. pneumoniae and Escherichia coli. The multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates carried by wild birds in this study had drug resistance phenotypes conferred primarily by multidrug resistance plasmids that were closely related to human-infecting bacteria. IMPORTANCE Little is known about the pathogenic microorganisms carried by wild animals. This study found that the multidrug resistance phenotype of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates carried by wild birds was mainly attributed to multidrug resistance plasmids, and these multidrug resistance plasmids from wild birds were closely related to human-infecting bacteria. Wild bird habitats overlap to a great extent with human and livestock habitats, which further increases the potential for horizontal transfer of multidrug-resistant bacteria among humans, animals, and the environment. Therefore, wild birds, as potential transmission hosts of multidrug-resistant bacteria, should be given attention and monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianan Zhao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang Ji
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Qin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, China
| | - Guoying Dong
- College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruili Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chengmin Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China
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Liu M, Li D, Jia W, Ma J, Zhao X. Study of the molecular characteristics and homology of carbapenem-resistant Proteus mirabilis by whole genome sequencing. J Med Microbiol 2023; 72. [PMID: 36748625 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Proteus mirabilis is part of the family Enterobacteriaceae, and is naturally resistant to various antimicrobial drugs. In recent years, outbreaks of severe nosocomial infections caused by carbapenem-resistant P. mirabilis (CR-PMI) have been frequently reported. Few studies exist on the whole-genome molecular characteristics of this bacterium in China and elsewhere, which stimulated the implementation of this study.Hypothesis. CR-PMI strains contained the multiple drug resistance genes and exhibited a high resistance rate to commonly used antimicrobial drugs.Aim. Our goals here were to identify resistance mechanisms and homology of CR-PMI strains and provide a theoretical basis for clinical treatment and controlling nosocomial infections.Methodology. Bacterial species identification was carried out using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight MS (MALDI-TOF-MS). Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using the VITEK 2 system and Kirby-Bauer (K-B) disc-diffusion method. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was conducted by the Illumina platform NovaSeq sequencer. Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) were identified using the NCBI database with Abricate. Plasmid replicon types were identified using PlasmidFinder, available at the Center for Genomic Epidemiology.Results. Five CR-PMI strains collected in our hospital from July 2019 to September 2021 were resistant to almost all antimicrobial agents except aztreonam (ATM), amikacin (AMK) and cefotetan (CTT). All CR-PMI strains contained the carbapenem resistance gene New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase 1 (bla NDM-1), and two strains harboured extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes bla PER-4 and bla CTX-M-65. The five CR-PMI strains contained 27, 18, 30, 25 and 24 drug-resistance genes, respectively. Most antimicrobial resistance genes were detected for aminoglycosides (n=14), followed by cephalosporins (n=7). The phylogenetic tree was divided into five evolutionary groups, and the five CR-PMI strains were in the four evolutionary groups B-E.Conclusion Overall, CR-PMI strains exhibited a high resistance rate to commonly used antimicrobial drugs, and contained the carbapenem resistance gene bla NDM-1. The CR-PMI strains showed a polyclonal trend in different wards at different times. Most importantly, all strains identified contained important antimicrobial resistance genes, which may lead to severe drug resistance transmission and fatal multiple resistant bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Weifang People's Hospital, 151 Guangwen Street, Weifang Shandong Province, 261041, PR China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Weifang People's Hospital, 151 Guangwen Street, Weifang Shandong Province, 261041, PR China
| | - Wei Jia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Weifang People's Hospital, 151 Guangwen Street, Weifang Shandong Province, 261041, PR China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Weifang People's Hospital, 151 Guangwen Street, Weifang Shandong Province, 261041, PR China
| | - Xue Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Weifang People's Hospital, 151 Guangwen Street, Weifang Shandong Province, 261041, PR China
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Antibiotic Resistance in Proteus mirabilis: Mechanism, Status, and Public Health Significance. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.16.3.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteus mirabilis is a specific opportunistic pathogen of many infections including urinary tract infections (UTIs). Risk factors are linked with the acquisition of multidrug-resistant (MDR) to 3 or more classes of antimicrobials) strains. The resistance in extended-spectrum alpha-lactamase is rare, but the rising resistance in extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing strains is a matter of concern. β-lactamases and antibiotic modifying enzymes mainly constitute the ESBLs resistance mechanism by hydrolyzing the antibiotics. Mutation or Porin loss could lead to the reduced permeability of antibiotics, enhanced efflux pump activity hindering the antibiotic access to the target site, antibiotic failure to bind at the target site because of the target modification, and lipopolysaccharide mutation causing the resistance against polymyxin antibiotics. This review aimed to explore various antimicrobial resistance mechanisms in Proteus mirabilis and their impact on public health status.
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15
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Qu X, Zhou J, Huang H, Wang W, Xiao Y, Tang B, Liu H, Xu C, Xiao X. Genomic Investigation of Proteus mirabilis Isolates Recovered From Pig Farms in Zhejiang Province, China. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:952982. [PMID: 35875581 PMCID: PMC9300985 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.952982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteus mirabilis is a common opportunistic zoonotic pathogen, and its ongoing acquisition of antimicrobial resistance genes poses challenges to clinical treatments. Human-sourced whole genomic sequencing of human P. mirabilis isolates has been reported, but pig-sourced isolates have not been thoroughly investigated even though these animals can serve as reservoirs for human infections. In the current study, we report a molecular epidemiological investigation to unravel the antimicrobial and virulence gene risk factors for P. mirabilis contamination in 9 pig farms in 3 different cities in Zhejiang Province, China. We collected 541 swab samples from healthy pigs and 30 were confirmed as P. mirabilis. All 30 isolates were resistant to tetracyclines, macrolides, sulfonamides, β-lactams and chloramphenicol, and all were multiple drug-resistant and 27 were strong biofilm formers. Phylogenetic analyses indicated these 30 isolates clustered together in 2 major groups. Whole genome sequencing demonstrated that the isolates possessed 91 different antimicrobial resistance genes belonging to 30 antimicrobial classes including rmtB, sul1, qnrS1, AAC(6′) − Ib − cr, blaCTX − M − 65 and blaOXA − 1. All isolates contained mobile genetic elements including integrative conjugative elements (ICEs) and integrative and mobilizable elements (IMEs). Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) testing indicated direct correlates between cognate genes and antimicrobial resistance. We also identified 95 virulence factors, almost all isolates contained 20 fimbrial and flagellar operons, and this represents the greatest number of these operon types found in a single species among all sequenced bacterial genomes. These genes regulate biofilm formation and represent a confounding variable for treating P. mirabilis infections. Our P. mirabilis isolates were present in healthy animals, and multiple drug resistance in these isolates may serve as a reservoir for other intestinal and environmental Enterobacteriaceae members. This prompts us to more strictly regulate veterinary antibiotic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Qu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, MOA Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products (Hangzhou), Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haoqi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, MOA Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products (Hangzhou), Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, MOA Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products (Hangzhou), Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingping Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, MOA Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products (Hangzhou), Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Biao Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, MOA Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products (Hangzhou), Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hanlin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenggang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Chenggang Xu,
| | - Xingning Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, MOA Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products (Hangzhou), Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Xingning Xiao,
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Lv P, Hao G, Cao Y, Cui L, Wang G, Sun S. Detection of Carbapenem Resistance of Proteus mirabilis Strains Isolated from Foxes, Raccoons and Minks in China. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11020292. [PMID: 35205158 PMCID: PMC8869598 DOI: 10.3390/biology11020292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Proteus mirabilis, an opportunistic pathogen, is found to be an emerging threat to both animals and humans for a variety of infections. However, the characteristics of P. mirabilis infections from foxes, raccoons and minks remain unclear. In this context, we identified the antibiotic resistance genes and virulence genes of P. mirabilis isolates from foxes, raccoons and minks in China. Most isolates showed resistance to florfenicol (90.57%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (73.58%), and imipenem (71.70%). A total of 73.58% of isolates were resistant to antibiotics from at least three or more classes, and were categorized as multi-drug resistant. A total of 33.33% of the isolates were resistant to antibiotics from seven classes. The most prevalent resistant were sul1 (94.34%), followed by floR, blaTEM, aac(6’)Ib-cr and blaOXA-1 with the detection rate of 88.68%, 83.02%, 71.70% and 60.38%, respectively. Among the 51 P. mirabilis isolates that were resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics, all isolates carried at least one beta-lactam gene. In addition, blaNDM and blaOXA-24 genes were firstly reported in carbapenem-resistant P. mirabilis isolates from foxes, raccoons and minks. All isolates exhibited the virulence genes ureC, zapA, pmfA, atfA and mrpA. P. mirabilis isolates carrying all detected 10 virulence genes from different animal species showed different lethal abilities in a G. mellonella larvae model. More importantly, the profiles of antibiotic resistance genes of isolates from fur animals and the environment were generally similar, and phylogenetic analysis showed that the P. mirabilis isolates from farm environment samples may have close relatedness with that from animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghao Lv
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (P.L.); (Y.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Guijuan Hao
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (P.L.); (Y.C.); (L.C.)
- Correspondence: (G.H.); (G.W.); (S.S.); Tel.: +86-182-5202-6546 (G.H.); +86-185-6011-3839 (G.W.); +86-137-0538-9710 (S.S.)
| | - Yanli Cao
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (P.L.); (Y.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Lulu Cui
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (P.L.); (Y.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Guisheng Wang
- Shandong Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Taian 261500, China
- Correspondence: (G.H.); (G.W.); (S.S.); Tel.: +86-182-5202-6546 (G.H.); +86-185-6011-3839 (G.W.); +86-137-0538-9710 (S.S.)
| | - Shuhong Sun
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (P.L.); (Y.C.); (L.C.)
- Correspondence: (G.H.); (G.W.); (S.S.); Tel.: +86-182-5202-6546 (G.H.); +86-185-6011-3839 (G.W.); +86-137-0538-9710 (S.S.)
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Characterization of NDM-1-Producing Carbapenemase in Proteus mirabilis among Broilers in China. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9122443. [PMID: 34946044 PMCID: PMC8707091 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9122443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbapenem-resistant pathogens mediated by metallo-beta-lactamases (MBLs) have spread worldwide, where NDM-1 is a typical and key MBL. Here, we firstly discussed the distribution characterization of NDM-1, which produces multidrug-resistant Proteus mirabilis among broilers in China. From January to April 2019, 40 (18.1%, 40/221) blaNDM-1-carrying P. mirabilis strains were recovered from commercial broilers in slaughterhouse B in China. All the isolates were resistant to imipenem, meropenem and other β-lactams. These isolates belong to five clusters identified via pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Further studies on twenty representative strains revealed that seven blaNDM-1 genes were located on plasmids with sizes of 104.5–138.9 kb. Notably, only three strains (PB72, PB96 and PB109) were successfully transferred to Escherichia coli J53, while the other four isolates were located in nontransferable plasmids. The rest were harbored in chromosomes. Ulteriorly, based on whole genome sequencing (WGS), these twenty isolates showed four typical phylogenetic clades according to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of a core genome and presented four main genomic backbone profiles, in which type II/III strains shared a similar genetic context. All of the above is evidence of blaNDM-1 transmission and evolution in P. mirabilis, suggesting that the prevalence may be more diverse in broiler farms. Accordingly, as intestinal and environmental symbiotic pathogens, blaNDM-1-positive P. mirabilis will pose greater threats to the environment and public health.
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