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Fu M, Liu J, Li Q, Zhu S, Xue Z, Yu L, Zhou Z. Synthesis of lipophilic vitamin C and evaluation of its antioxidant performance in sunflower seed oil frying. Food Chem 2024; 460:140727. [PMID: 39111045 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
The present study involved the synthesis and analysis of a lipophilic form of vitamin C, namely tetrabutyryl vitamin C ester (TVCE). TVCE is synthesized by a simple one-step method, combining the advantages of VC and butyric acid. Its antioxidant efficacy on sunflower seed oil frying was evaluated by assessing lipid oxidation parameters including peroxide number (POV), carbonyl number (CV), and paraniline number (pAV). Furthermore, changes in the fatty acid composition of the oil were monitored using techniques such as infrared spectroscopy (IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and gas chromatography (GC). The findings demonstrated that lipophilic vitamin C exhibited superior protection against oxidation during frying compared to vitamin E, suggesting that it may be an effective fat-soluble antioxidant. The study provides a new field for the utilization of vitamin C and a new idea for the development of efficient antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Fu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Hubei Province, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-dyeing & Finishing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Qing Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-dyeing & Finishing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Shengqin Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-dyeing & Finishing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Zhiyong Xue
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-dyeing & Finishing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China.
| | - Lijuan Yu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Hubei Province, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430000, China; China-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gut Microbiota, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Zhigang Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Hubei Province, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430000, China; China-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gut Microbiota, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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2
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Wan Y, Zhou Q, Zhao M, Hou T. Byproducts of Sesame Oil Extraction: Composition, Function, and Comprehensive Utilization. Foods 2023; 12:2383. [PMID: 37372594 DOI: 10.3390/foods12122383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sesame is principally used to generate oil, which is produced by chemical refining or pressing. Sesame meal, as a main byproduct of sesame oil extraction, is usually discarded, causing resource waste and economic loss. Sesame meal is rich in sesame protein and three types of sesame lignans (sesamin, sesamolin, and sesamol). Sesame protein extracted via a physical method and an enzymic method has balanced amino acid composition and is an important protein source, and thus it is often added to animal feed and used as a human dietary supplement. Extracted sesame lignan exhibits multiple biological activities such as antihypertensive, anticancer, and cholesterol-lowering activities, and therefore it is used to improve the oxidative stability of oils. This review summarizes the extraction methods, functional activities, and comprehensive utilization of four active substances (sesame protein, sesamin, sesamolin, and sesamol) in sesame meal with the aim to provide theoretical guidance for the maximum utilization of sesame meal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shenzhen 518120, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Qiaoyun Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Mengge Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Tao Hou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shenzhen 518120, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, China
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3
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Efficacy of exogenous natural antioxidants in stability of polyunsaturated oils under frying temperature. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01601-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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4
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Hwang H, Winkler‐Moser JK, Liu SX. Antioxidant activity of amino acid sodium and potassium salts in vegetable oils at frying temperatures. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aocs.12585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong‐Sik Hwang
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Functional Food Research Peoria Illinois USA
| | - Jill K. Winkler‐Moser
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Functional Food Research Peoria Illinois USA
| | - Sean X. Liu
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Functional Food Research Peoria Illinois USA
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Chen J, Wang Y, Liu W, Zhang F, Li J, Yang H, Bi Y. Effects of free fatty acids and peroxide on thermal loss of sesamol and formation of its transformation products in soybean oil. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Wang L, Chen W, Tian Y, Duan X, Yuan Y, Wang N, Xu C, Liu X, Liu Z. Preventive Effects of Sesamol on Deep‐frying Oil‐induced Liver Metabolism Disorders by Altering Gut Microbiota and Protecting Gut Barrier Integrity. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2101122. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202101122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling 712100 China
| | - Weixuan Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling 712100 China
| | - Yujie Tian
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling 712100 China
| | - Xiaorong Duan
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling 712100 China
| | - Yi Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling 712100 China
| | - Na Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 450002 China
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Health Food Zhengzhou 450002 China
| | - Chao Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 450002 China
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Health Food Zhengzhou 450002 China
| | - Xuebo Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling 712100 China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling 712100 China
- Department of Food Science Cornell University Ithaca New York 14853 United States
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Hwang HS, Ball JC, Doll KM, Anderson JE, Vermillion K. Investigation of polymers and alcohols produced in oxidized soybean oil at frying temperatures. Food Chem 2020; 317:126379. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Hwang HS, Winkler-Moser JK, Liu SX. Study on Antioxidant Activity of Amino Acids at Frying Temperatures and Their Interaction with Rosemary Extract, Green Tea Extract, and Ascorbic Acid. J Food Sci 2019; 84:3614-3623. [PMID: 31769515 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Some amino acids have strong antioxidant activity in frying oil. This study aimed to obtain further information including antioxidant activity at different concentrations and interactions with rosemary extract, green tea extract, and ascorbic acid. Antioxidant activity of arginine, cysteine, lysine, methionine, and tryptophan was examined by increasing the concentration in soybean oil (SBO) at 180 °C within the concentration range of 0 to 15 mM. These amino acids showed increased activity with increasing concentration without showing prooxidant activity at the given concentration range. Addition of 15 mM methionine did not inhibit the prooxidant activity of α-tocopherol at high concentrations in SBO while it significantly increased the activity at each concentration of α-tocopherol. Methionine showed an additive effect with a commercial rosemary extract while lysine had an antagonistic interaction in SBO at the total concentration of 5.5 mM. Mixtures of green tea extract and methionine did not show better activity than methionine alone in SBO and stripped SBO. (-)-Epigallocatechin gallate, the major active component in green tea, showed a synergistic effect with methionine in stripped SBO but there was no significant interaction effect in SBO. Although ascorbic acid had a synergistic effect with methionine in stripped SBO, it showed a significant antagonistic effect in SBO. Methionine had strong antioxidant activity in six other vegetable oils showing a moderate correlation (R2 = 0.45 to 0.52) with the ratio of unsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids indicating the effectiveness may be related to the fatty acid composition of oil. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Some amino acid such as methionine and lysine showed stronger antioxidant activity than the leading commercial natural antioxidant, rosemary extract. These amino acids showed great potential as a natural antioxidant in frying. The price of food-grade L-methionine is generally lower than rosemary extract and green tea extract. This paper provides information on the concentration effect and interactions with currently used antioxidants such as tocopherols, rosemary extract, green tea extract, and ascorbic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Sik Hwang
- Authors are with United States Dept. of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Natl. Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Functional Foods Research, 1815 N. Univ. St., Peoria, IL, 61604, U.S.A
| | - Jill K Winkler-Moser
- Authors are with United States Dept. of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Natl. Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Functional Foods Research, 1815 N. Univ. St., Peoria, IL, 61604, U.S.A
| | - Sean X Liu
- Authors are with United States Dept. of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Natl. Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Functional Foods Research, 1815 N. Univ. St., Peoria, IL, 61604, U.S.A
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Hwang H, Winkler‐Moser JK, Doll KM, Gadgil M, Liu SX. Factors Affecting Antioxidant Activity of Amino Acids in Soybean Oil at Frying Temperatures. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201900091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong‐Sik Hwang
- United States Department of AgricultureAgricultural Research ServiceNational Center for Agricultural Utilization ResearchFunctional Foods Research1815 N. University StreetPeoriaIL61604USA
| | - Jill K. Winkler‐Moser
- United States Department of AgricultureAgricultural Research ServiceNational Center for Agricultural Utilization ResearchFunctional Foods Research1815 N. University StreetPeoriaIL61604USA
| | - Kenneth M. Doll
- United States Department of AgricultureAgricultural Research ServiceNational Center for Agricultural Utilization ResearchBio‐Oils Research1815 N. University StreetPeoriaIL61604USA
| | - Mayuresh Gadgil
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryBradley University1501 W. Bradley AvePeoriaIL61625USA
| | - Sean X. Liu
- United States Department of AgricultureAgricultural Research ServiceNational Center for Agricultural Utilization ResearchFunctional Foods Research1815 N. University StreetPeoriaIL61604USA
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Gim SY, Hong S, Kim J, Kwon Y, Kim MJ, Kim G, Lee J. Enhancing oxidative stability in heated oils using core/shell structures of collagen and α-tocopherol complex. Food Chem 2017; 235:160-166. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Gim SY, Jung JY, Kwon YJ, Kim M, Kim GH, Lee JH. Application of β‐cyclodextrin, chitosan, and collagen on the stability of tocopherols and the oxidative stability in heated oils. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201700124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Seo Yeong Gim
- Department of Food Science and BiotechnologySungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea
| | - Jin Yeong Jung
- Department of Food Science and BiotechnologySungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea
| | - Yong Jun Kwon
- Department of Food Science and BiotechnologySungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea
| | - Mi‐Ja Kim
- Department of Food and NutritionKangwon National UniversitySamcheokRepublic of Korea
| | - Geun Hyung Kim
- Department of Biomechatronic EngineeringSungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea
| | - Jae Hwan Lee
- Department of Food Science and BiotechnologySungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea
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Gim SY, Hong S, Kim MJ, Lee J. Gallic Acid Grafted Chitosan Has Enhanced Oxidative Stability in Bulk Oils. J Food Sci 2017; 82:1608-1613. [PMID: 28585728 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Gallic acid (GA) was grafted in chitosan and the effects of GA grafted chitosan (GA-g-CS) on the oxidative stability in bulk oil was tested at 60 and 140 °C. To text oxidative stability in oils, headspace oxygen content, conjugated dienoic acid (CDA) value, p-anisidine value (p-AV), and acid value were determined. Chitosan itself did not show antioxidative or prooxidative effects in oils at 60 °C. However, GA-g-CS and GA acted as antioxidants at 60 °C. At 140 °C heating with moisture supplied condition, different results were observed. GA-g-CS acted as antioxidants based on the results of CDA and p-AV. However, chitosan showed the highest oxidative stability based on results of acid value and brown color formation at 140 °C. This could be due to reduction of moisture content by chitosan. GA was continuously released from GA-g-CS in bulk oil. This might have provided extra antioxidant activities to oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo Yeong Gim
- Dept. of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan Univ., Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungmi Hong
- Dept. of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan Univ., Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ja Kim
- Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Kangwon Natl Univ., Samcheok, Republic of Korea
| | - JaeHwan Lee
- Dept. of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan Univ., Suwon, Republic of Korea
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Hwang HS, Winkler-Moser JK. Antioxidant activity of amino acids in soybean oil at frying temperature: Structural effects and synergism with tocopherols. Food Chem 2017; 221:1168-1177. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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14
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Reliability of 1H NMR Analysis for Assessment of Lipid Oxidation at Frying Temperatures. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-016-2945-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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15
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Fhaner M, Hwang HS, Winkler-Moser JK, Bakota EL, Liu SX. Protection of fish oil from oxidation with sesamol. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201500185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Fhaner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Michigan-Flint; Flint MI USA
| | - Hong-Sik Hwang
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research; Functional Foods Research; Peoria IL USA
| | - Jill K. Winkler-Moser
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research; Functional Foods Research; Peoria IL USA
| | - Erica L. Bakota
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research; Functional Foods Research; Peoria IL USA
| | - Sean X. Liu
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research; Functional Foods Research; Peoria IL USA
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