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Zhao P, Hou Y, Yan T, Kang J, Tian Y, Li J, Zeng C, Geng F, Liao Q. Synthesis and biological evaluation of chrysin derivatives containing α-lipoic acid for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Front Chem 2024; 12:1406051. [PMID: 38860236 PMCID: PMC11163049 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1406051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study introduces newly discovered chrysin derivatives that show potential as candidate molecules for treating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Compound 4b, among the synthesized compounds, displayed significant inhibitory effects on monocyte adhesion to colon epithelium induced by TNF-α, with an IC50 value of 4.71 μM. Further mechanistic studies demonstrated that 4b inhibits the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and downregulates the expression of ICAM-1 and MCP-1, key molecules involved in monocyte-epithelial adhesion, as well as the transcriptional activity of NF-κB. In vivo experiments have shown that compound 4b exhibits a dose-dependent inhibition of 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis in rats, thereby validating its effectiveness as a colitis inhibitor in animal models. These results indicate that 4b shows considerable promise as a therapeutic agent for managing IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyu Zhao
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yusen Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Tingting Yan
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical American Cockroach, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Kang
- Yunnan Shengke Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kunming, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Guizhou Yunfeng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Xingyi, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Medicinal Animals, Chengdu, China
| | - Chenjuan Zeng
- Guizhou Yunfeng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Xingyi, China
| | - Funeng Geng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical American Cockroach, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi Liao
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical American Cockroach, Chengdu, China
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Comparative Study of Anti-Inflammatory Effect on DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis Between Novel Glycyrrhiza Variety and Official Compendia. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11041545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Glycyrrhizae radix (GR), a plant commonly referred to as licorice, is used as a medicine and food worldwide. However, the utilization of GR from wild areas has caused desertification and a depletion of natural resources. Environmental restrictions and low productivity have limited plant cultivation. For this reason, an improved Glycyrrhiza variety, Wongam (WG), in cultivation and quality has been developed by Korea Rural Development Administration. To evaluate the equivalence of efficacy, several comparative studies between already-registered species and new cultivars have been conducted. This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of WG extracts in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model, in comparison to that of GR extracts. WG extract significantly improved the clinical signs of DSS-induced ulcerative colitis, including disease activity index, body weight loss, and colon length shortening, which was equivalent to the effect of GR. Furthermore, the fecal microbiota was analyzed by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism. The composition of the fecal microbiota did not show a specific pattern based on experimental groups; however, a tendency toward an increase in the proportion of Lactobacillales was observed. These findings showed an equivalence of efficacy and the possible utilization of WG as a medicinal resource with already-registered species.
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Chandra N, Srivastava A, Kumar S. Bacterial biofilms in human gastrointestinal tract: An intricate balance between health and inflammatory bowel diseases. World J Pharmacol 2019; 8:26-40. [DOI: 10.5497/wjp.v8.i3.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been a worldwide health problem. It is characterized by severe intestinal inflammation due to immune responses against the gut microbes in genetically susceptible individuals. The understanding of gut microbiota for its composition and complex interaction in normal and diseased conditions has been assisted by the use of molecular, metagenomics and meta transcriptomics studies. The alteration of intestinal microbiota is the key determinant in the degree of inflammation caused and the prolonged course of disease. The relationship between luminal gut bacteria and innate immunity is also of prime significance. Such developments have further led to the search of specific (including bacteria and fungi) as a causative agent of IBD. Although detailed research has been done for the role of gut microbiota in IBD, molecular mechanisms and related gene expression are still not well understood in this disease, which hampers the generation of effective therapeutic agents for IBD. This paper assessed various factors contributing to IBD, genetic dysbiosis and pathogenic influence in the gut microbiota, interactions such as microbiome-host immune system interaction and microbe-microbe interactions involved in IBD, currently available IBD therapies, followed by a detailed review on bacterial infections that might be involved in IBD, globally and specifically in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niharika Chandra
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Institute of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Shri Ramswaroop Memorial University, Uttar Pradesh 225003, India
| | - Ankita Srivastava
- Faculty of Bio-Sciences, Institute of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Shri Ramswaroop Memorial University, Uttar Pradesh 225003, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Faculty of Bio-Sciences, Institute of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Shri Ramswaroop Memorial University, Uttar Pradesh 225003, India
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Jeon YD, Bang KS, Shin MK, Lee JH, Chang YN, Jin JS. Regulatory effects of glycyrrhizae radix extract on DSS-induced ulcerative colitis. Altern Ther Health Med 2016; 16:459. [PMID: 27846836 PMCID: PMC5111347 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1390-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glycyrrhizae Radix (GR) is a Korean traditional herb medicine that is widely-used in clinical health care. The clinical functions of GR include relief of toxicity, anti-cancer, regulating blood cholesterol and anti-inflammation. This study investigated the role of GR on ulcerative colitis in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mouse model of colitis. METHOD Western blot analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analyses were done on male BALB/c mice administered 5 % DSS during the experimental period. Ethanol extracts of GR were orally administered at same time daily to control mice. The severity of colitis was measured by body weight change and colon length. RESULT DSS-treated mice displayed weight loss and shortened colon length compared with control mice. Mice were administered GR showed less weight loss and longer colon length than the DSS-treated group. Inflammatory cytokines were decreased by GR treatment. Treatment also reduced DSS-induced microscopic damage to colon tissue. GR regulated the phosphorylation of transcription factors such as NF-κB p65 and IκB α. CONCLUSIONS GR has beneficial effects in a colitis model. GR might be a useful herb medicine in the treatment of ulcerative colitis.
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Vindigni SM, Zisman TL, Suskind DL, Damman CJ. The intestinal microbiome, barrier function, and immune system in inflammatory bowel disease: a tripartite pathophysiological circuit with implications for new therapeutic directions. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2016; 9:606-25. [PMID: 27366227 PMCID: PMC4913337 DOI: 10.1177/1756283x16644242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We discuss the tripartite pathophysiological circuit of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), involving the intestinal microbiota, barrier function, and immune system. Dysfunction in each of these physiological components (dysbiosis, leaky gut, and inflammation) contributes in a mutually interdependent manner to IBD onset and exacerbation. Genetic and environmental risk factors lead to disruption of gut homeostasis: genetic risks predominantly affect the immune system, environmental risks predominantly affect the microbiota, and both affect barrier function. Multiple genetic and environmental 'hits' are likely necessary to establish and exacerbate disease. Most conventional IBD therapies currently target only one component of the pathophysiological circuit, inflammation; however, many patients with IBD do not respond to immune-modulating therapies. Hope lies in new classes of therapies that target the microbiota and barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen M. Vindigni
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Timothy L. Zisman
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David L. Suskind
- Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children’s Hospital and University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Morin Attenuates Ovalbumin-Induced Airway Inflammation by Modulating Oxidative Stress-Responsive MAPK Signaling. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2016:5843672. [PMID: 26783416 PMCID: PMC4691473 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5843672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 09/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is one of the most common inflammatory diseases characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, and remodeling. Morin, an active ingredient obtained from Moraceae plants, has been demonstrated to have promising anti-inflammatory activities in a range of disorders. However, its impacts on pulmonary diseases, particularly on asthma, have not been clarified. This study was designed to investigate whether morin alleviates airway inflammation in chronic asthma with an emphasis on oxidative stress modulation. In vivo, ovalbumin- (OVA-) sensitized mice were administered with morin or dexamethasone before challenge. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissues were obtained to perform cell counts, histological analysis, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In vitro, human bronchial epithelial cells (BECs) were challenged by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). The supernatant was collected for the detection of the proinflammatory proteins, and the cells were collected for reactive oxygen species (ROS)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) evaluations. Severe inflammatory responses and remodeling were observed in the airways of the OVA-sensitized mice. Treatment with morin dramatically attenuated the extensive trafficking of inflammatory cells into the BALF and inhibited their infiltration around the respiratory tracts and vessels. Morin administration also significantly suppressed goblet cell hyperplasia and collagen deposition/fibrosis and dose-dependently inhibited the OVA-induced increases in IgE, TNF-α, interleukin- (IL-) 4, IL-13, matrix metalloproteinase-9, and malondialdehyde. In human BECs challenged by TNF-α, the levels of proteins such as eotaxin-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, IL-8 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1, were consistently significantly decreased by morin. Western blotting and the 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein assay revealed that the increases in intracellular ROS and MAPK phosphorylation were abolished by morin, implying that ROS/MAPK signaling contributes to the relief of airway inflammation. Our findings indicate for the first time that morin alleviates airway inflammation in chronic asthma, which probably occurs via the oxidative stress-responsive MAPK pathway, highlighting a novel profile of morin as a potent agent for asthma management.
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Allais L, Kumar S, Debusschere K, Verschuere S, Maes T, De Smet R, Conickx G, De Vos M, Laukens D, Joos GF, Brusselle GG, Elewaut D, Cuvelier CA, Bracke KR. The Effect of Cigarette Smoke Exposure on the Development of Inflammation in Lungs, Gut and Joints of TNFΔARE Mice. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141570. [PMID: 26523550 PMCID: PMC4629889 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The inflammatory cytokine TNF-α is a central mediator in many immune-mediated diseases, such as Crohn’s disease (CD), spondyloarthritis (SpA) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Epidemiologic studies have shown that cigarette smoking (CS) is a prominent common risk factor in these TNF-dependent diseases. We exposed TNFΔARE mice; in which a systemic TNF-α overexpression leads to the development of inflammation; to 2 or 4 weeks of air or CS. We investigated the effect of deregulated TNF expression on CS-induced pulmonary inflammation and the effect of CS exposure on the initiation and progression of gut and joint inflammation. Upon 2 weeks of CS exposure, inflammation in lungs of TNFΔARE mice was significantly aggravated. However, upon 4 weeks of CS-exposure, this aggravation was no longer observed. TNFΔARE mice have no increases in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and a diminished neutrophil response in the lungs after 4 weeks of CS exposure. In the gut and joints of TNFΔARE mice, 2 or 4 weeks of CS exposure did not modulate the development of inflammation. In conclusion, CS exposure does not modulate gut and joint inflammation in TNFΔARE mice. The lung responses towards CS in TNFΔARE mice however depend on the duration of CS exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liesbeth Allais
- Department of Medical and Forensic Pathology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- * E-mail: ;
| | - Smitha Kumar
- Laboratory for Translational Research in Obstructive Pulmonary diseases, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karlijn Debusschere
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Rheumatology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Tania Maes
- Laboratory for Translational Research in Obstructive Pulmonary diseases, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rebecca De Smet
- Department of Medical and Forensic Pathology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Griet Conickx
- Laboratory for Translational Research in Obstructive Pulmonary diseases, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Martine De Vos
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Debby Laukens
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Guy F. Joos
- Laboratory for Translational Research in Obstructive Pulmonary diseases, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Guy G. Brusselle
- Laboratory for Translational Research in Obstructive Pulmonary diseases, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dirk Elewaut
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Rheumatology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Claude A. Cuvelier
- Department of Medical and Forensic Pathology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ken R. Bracke
- Laboratory for Translational Research in Obstructive Pulmonary diseases, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- * E-mail: ;
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