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Ghosh S, Spoorthi BC, Banerjee P, Saha I, Dua TK, Sahu R, Maiti AK. 10-(6-Plastoquinonyl) decyltriphenylphosphonium imparts anti-colitogenic protection through recovery of mitochondrial dysfunction in ulcerated murine colon: Implications in ulcerative colitis. Life Sci 2024; 348:122700. [PMID: 38724004 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
AIMS To elucidate the impact of 10-(6-plastoquinonyl) decyltriphenylphosphonium (SkQ1) as an anti-colitogenic agent for maintenance of colon epithelial tract in ulcerated mice through recovery of mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondrial stress by virtue of its free radical scavenging properties. MAIN METHODS DSS induced ulcerated BALB/c mice were treated with SkQ1 for 14 days @ 30 nmol/kg/body wt./day/mice. Post-treatment, isolated colonic mitochondria were utilized for spectrophotometric and spectrofluorometric biochemical analysis of various mitochondrial functional variables including individual mitochondrial respiratory enzyme complexes. Confocal microscopy was utilized for measuring mitochondrial membrane potential in vivo. ELISA technique was adapted for measuring colonic nitrite and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) content. Finally in vitro cell line study was carried out to substantiate in vivo findings and elucidate the involvement of free radicals in UC using antioxidant/free radical scavenging regimen. KEY FINDINGS Treatment with SkQ1 in vivo reduced histopathological severity of colitis, induced recovery of mitochondrial respiratory complex activities and associated functional variables, improved oxidative stress indices and normalized mitochondrial cardiolipin content. Importantly, SkQ1 lowered nitrite concentration and 3-nitrotyrosine formation in vivo. In vitro SkQ1 restored mitochondrial functions wherein the efficacy of SkQ1 proved equal or better compared to SOD and DMSO indicating predominant involvement of O2- and OH in UC. However, NO and ONOO- also seemed to play a secondary role as MEG and L-NAME provided lesser protection as compared to SOD and DMSO. SIGNIFICANCE SkQ1 can be considered as a potent anti-colitogenic agent by virtue of its free radical scavenging properties in treating UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashwati Ghosh
- Department of Zoology, Mitochondrial Biology and Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling, West Bengal Pin-734013, India
| | - B C Spoorthi
- School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Dayananda Sagar University, Bengaluru, Karnataka Pin-560078, India
| | - Priyajit Banerjee
- Department of Biotechnology, Swami Vivekananda University, West Bengal Pin-700121, India
| | - Ishita Saha
- Department of Physiology, Medical College Kolkata, Kolkata, West Bengal Pin-700073, India
| | - Tarun Kumar Dua
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling, West Bengal Pin-734013, India
| | - Ranabir Sahu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling, West Bengal Pin-734013, India
| | - Arpan Kumar Maiti
- Department of Zoology, Mitochondrial Biology and Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling, West Bengal Pin-734013, India.
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Zhu L, Qiao L, Dou X, Song X, Chang J, Zeng X, Xu C. Lactobacillus casei ATCC 393 combined with vasoactive intestinal peptide alleviates dextran sodium sulfate-induced ulcerative colitis in C57BL/6 mice via NF-κB and Nrf2 signaling pathways. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115033. [PMID: 37379640 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) which is related to an immunological imbalance of the intestinal mucosa. Many clinical evidences indicate probiotics supplementation appears to be effective and safe in patients with UC. Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is an endogenous neuropeptide with multiple physiological and pathological effects. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of the combination of Lactobacillus casei ATCC 393 (L. casei ATCC 393) with VIP on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced UC in mice and the potential mechanism. The results showed that, compared with the control group, DSS treatment significantly shortened the colon length, caused inflammation and oxidative stress, and further resulted in the intestinal barrier dysfunction and gut microbiota dysbiosis. In addition, intervention with L. casei ATCC 393, VIP or L. casei ATCC 393 combined with VIP significantly reduced UC disease activity index. However, compared with L. casei ATCC 393 or VIP, L. casei ATCC 393 combined with VIP effectively relieved symptoms of UC by regulating immune response, enhancing antioxidant capacity, and regulating nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and nuclear factor erythroid-derived-2-like 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathways. In conclusion, this study suggests that L. casei ATCC 393 combined with VIP can effectively relieve DSS-induced UC, which is a promising treatment strategy for UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixu Zhu
- The Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Lei Qiao
- The Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Xina Dou
- The Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Xiaofan Song
- The Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Jiajing Chang
- The Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Xiaonan Zeng
- The Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Chunlan Xu
- The Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China.
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Li Z, Zhang S, Xu L, Fang X, Wan Y, Yu D, Guo Y. A tetrapeptide from maize combined with probiotics exerted strong anti-inflammatory effects and modulated gut microbiota in DSS-induced colitis mice. Food Funct 2022; 13:12602-12618. [PMID: 36373867 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02678c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by recurrent gastrointestinal inflammation caused by abnormal immune response, and patients usually have intestinal flora imbalance. At present, the pathogenesis of UC is not well understood, and it appears that there is chronic activation of the immune and inflammatory cascade in genetically susceptible individuals. Some food supplements such as specific peptides and probiotics have been investigated and shown the potential for the treatment of UC. The purpose of this study is to investigate the therapeutic effect and potential mechanism of tetrapeptide from maize (TPM) and probiotic treatment on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC in C57BL/6J mice. Our results indicated that the therapeutic effects of TPM and probiotics are positively associated with a reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and restoration of the gut microbiota. Treatment with TPM or probiotics effectively alleviated the adverse effects of UC, including weight loss, shortened colon length, and colon and kidney tissue damage in mice. Additionally, both TPM and probiotics significantly reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and oxidative stress in UC mice, and the effect was more pronounced when both were used together. Moreover, co-treatment with TPM and probiotics increased the diversity of gut microbes in UC mice, reduced the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes (F/B) and increased the abundance of bacterial species, including Muribaculaceae, Alistipes, Ligilactobacillus and Lactobacillus, and has been shown to be beneficial for a variety of pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Li
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China.
| | - Shan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China.
| | - Li Xu
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China.
| | - Xuexun Fang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China.
| | - Youzhong Wan
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China 130033, P. R. China
| | - Dahai Yu
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China.
| | - Yi Guo
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China.
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Liang H, Zhang F, Wang W, Zhao W, Zhou J, Feng Y, Wu J, Li M, Bai X, Zeng Z, Niu J, Miao Y. Heat Shock Transcription Factor 2 Promotes Mitophagy of Intestinal Epithelial Cells Through PARL/PINK1/Parkin Pathway in Ulcerative Colitis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:893426. [PMID: 35860016 PMCID: PMC9289131 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.893426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The overactivation of NLRP3 inflammasome in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) is among the important reasons for severe inflammation in ulcerative colitis (UC). We found that heat shock transcription factor 2 (HSF2), which is highly expressed in UC, could inhibit the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and reduce IL-1β in IECs, but the mechanisms were still not clear. It has been reported that HSP72 regulated by HSF2 can enhance the mitophagy mediated by Parkin. The number of damaged mitochondria and the mitochondrial derived ROS (mtROS) can be reduced by mitophagy, which means the activity of NLRP3 inflammasome is inhibited. Therefore, we speculate that HSF2 might regulate the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome of IECs in UC through the mitophagy mediated by Parkin. This study proves that the number of damaged mitochondria in IECs, the level of mitophagy, and the level of ROS in intestinal mucosa are positively correlated with the severity of UC. In mice and cells, mitophagy was promoted by HSF2 through the PARL/PINK1/Parkin pathway. This study reveals the potential mechanisms of HSF2 decreasing mtROS of IECs in UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liang
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming, China
| | - Fengrui Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jiao Zhou
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yuran Feng
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming, China
| | - Maojuan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming, China
| | - Xinyu Bai
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming, China
| | - Zhong Zeng
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming, China
- Organ Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Junkun Niu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Junkun Niu, ; Yinglei Miao,
| | - Yinglei Miao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Junkun Niu, ; Yinglei Miao,
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Jansen MI, Thomas Broome S, Castorina A. Exploring the Pro-Phagocytic and Anti-Inflammatory Functions of PACAP and VIP in Microglia: Implications for Multiple Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094788. [PMID: 35563181 PMCID: PMC9104531 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neuroinflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), characterised by the infiltration of peripheral immune cells, multifocal white-matter lesions, and neurodegeneration. In recent years, microglia have emerged as key contributors to MS pathology, acting as scavengers of toxic myelin/cell debris and modulating the inflammatory microenvironment to promote myelin repair. In this review, we explore the role of two neuropeptides, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), as important regulators of microglial functioning during demyelination, myelin phagocytosis, and remyelination, emphasising the potential of these neuropeptides as therapeutic targets for the treatment of MS.
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Xu Z, Zhang X, Wang W, Zhang D, Ma Y, Zhang D, Chen M. Fructus Mume (Wu Mei) Attenuates Acetic Acid-Induced Ulcerative Colitis by Regulating Inflammatory Cytokine, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Neuropeptide Levels in Model Rats. J Med Food 2022; 25:389-401. [PMID: 35438553 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2021.k.0155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic idiopathic inflammatory disorder of the large intestine. Fructus mume (FM), a natural food with nutritive and pharmaceutical value, has demonstrated therapeutic efficacy against UC. In this study, we investigated the protective effects and mechanisms of FM against UC. We induced UC in rats with 4% (v/v) acetic acid (AA), orally administered 0.7 or 0.325 g/kg FM and 0.3 g/kg sulfasalazine (SASP) for 7 days, and explored the responses the drugs elicited in the rats. We assessed the general conditions of the rats by the disease active index. We evaluated colon tissue damage macroscopically and by Hematoxylin & Eosin, Alcian Blue-periodic acid-Schiff, and Masson's staining, and explored the potential mechanisms of FM on inflammation, oxidative stress, and neuropeptides by measuring TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, MMP9, CXCR-1, SOD, GSH-px, MDA, ROS, SIRT3, SP, VIP, ghrelin, and 5-HT. FM treatment significantly attenuated colon damage and submucosal fibrosis compared with the model. It lowered serum proinflammatory TNF-α, IL-8, and colonic MMP9 and CXCR-1, and raised serum anti-inflammatory IL-10 levels. FM upregulated the antioxidant enzymes SOD, GSH-px, and SITR3 protein but inhibited ROS and MDA production. It downregulated colonic SP, VIP, ghrelin, and 5-HT. The beneficial effects of FM might be dose dependent. Around 0.7 g/kg FM and SASP displayed similar efficacy for treating AA-induced colitis in rats. Our results provide empirical evidence that FM protects against AA-induced UC in rats via anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms, and regulates neuropeptides; thus, FM may be a promising, safe, and efficacious alternative therapy for UC, if its efficacy can be confirmed in human trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongying Xu
- Department of Clinical Foundation of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xueli Zhang
- Department of Clinical Foundation of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wenya Wang
- Department of Clinical Foundation of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Clinical Foundation of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Chen
- Department of Clinical Foundation of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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