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Reuben RC, Torres C. Bacteriocins: potentials and prospects in health and agrifood systems. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:233. [PMID: 38662051 PMCID: PMC11045635 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-03948-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Bacteriocins are highly diverse, abundant, and heterogeneous antimicrobial peptides that are ribosomally synthesized by bacteria and archaea. Since their discovery about a century ago, there has been a growing interest in bacteriocin research and applications. This is mainly due to their high antimicrobial properties, narrow or broad spectrum of activity, specificity, low cytotoxicity, and stability. Though initially used to improve food quality and safety, bacteriocins are now globally exploited for innovative applications in human, animal, and food systems as sustainable alternatives to antibiotics. Bacteriocins have the potential to beneficially modulate microbiota, providing viable microbiome-based solutions for the treatment, management, and non-invasive bio-diagnosis of infectious and non-infectious diseases. The use of bacteriocins holds great promise in the modulation of food microbiomes, antimicrobial food packaging, bio-sanitizers and antibiofilm, pre/post-harvest biocontrol, functional food, growth promotion, and sustainable aquaculture. This can undoubtedly improve food security, safety, and quality globally. This review highlights the current trends in bacteriocin research, especially the increasing research outputs and funding, which we believe may proportionate the soaring global interest in bacteriocins. The use of cutting-edge technologies, such as bioengineering, can further enhance the exploitation of bacteriocins for innovative applications in human, animal, and food systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rine Christopher Reuben
- Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, OneHealth-UR Research Group, University of La Rioja, 26006, Logroño, Spain.
| | - Carmen Torres
- Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, OneHealth-UR Research Group, University of La Rioja, 26006, Logroño, Spain
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Jin Y, Zhang W, Cong S, Zhuang QG, Gu YL, Ma YN, Filiatrault MJ, Li JZ, Wei HL. Pseudomonas syringae Type III Secretion Protein HrpP Manipulates Plant Immunity To Promote Infection. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0514822. [PMID: 37067445 PMCID: PMC10269811 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.05148-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The bacterial plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae deploys a type III secretion system (T3SS) to deliver effector proteins into plant cells to facilitate infection, for which many effectors have been characterized for their interactions. However, few T3SS Hrp (hypersensitive response and pathogenicity) proteins from the T3SS secretion apparatus have been studied for their direct interactions with plants. Here, we show that the P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000 T3SS protein HrpP induces host cell death, suppresses pattern-triggered immunity (PTI), and restores the effector translocation ability of the hrpP mutant. The hrpP-transgenic Arabidopsis lines exhibited decreased PTI responses to flg22 and elf18 and enhanced disease susceptibility to P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000. Transcriptome analysis reveals that HrpP sensing activates salicylic acid (SA) signaling while suppressing jasmonic acid (JA) signaling, which correlates with increased SA accumulation and decreased JA biosynthesis. Both yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays show that HrpP interacts with mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 (MKK2) on the plant membrane and in the nucleus. The HrpP truncation HrpP1-119, rather than HrpP1-101, retains the ability to interact with MKK2 and suppress PTI in plants. In contrast, HrpP1-101 continues to cause cell death and electrolyte leakage. MKK2 silencing compromises SA signaling but has no effect on cell death caused by HrpP. Overall, our work highlights that the P. syringae T3SS protein HrpP facilitates effector translocation and manipulates plant immunity to facilitate bacterial infection. IMPORTANCE The T3SS is required for the virulence of many Gram-negative bacterial pathogens of plants and animals. This study focuses on the sensing and function of the T3SS protein HrpP during plant interactions. Our findings show that HrpP and its N-terminal truncation HrpP1-119 can interact with MKK2, promote effector translocation, and manipulate plant immunity to facilitate bacterial infection, highlighting the P. syringae T3SS component involved in the fine-tuning of plant immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Jin
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Shen Cong
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi-Guo Zhuang
- China-New Zealand Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Kiwifruit, Kiwifruit Breeding and Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial Academy of Natural Resource Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi-Lin Gu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Nan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Melanie J. Filiatrault
- Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
- Emerging Pests and Pathogens Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Jun-Zhou Li
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hai-Lei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Ehau‐Taumaunu H, Hockett KL. The plant host environment influences competitive interactions between bacterial pathogens. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2022; 14:785-794. [PMID: 35700743 PMCID: PMC9796116 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.13103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria compete for resources in diverse environments using an array of antagonistic strategies, including the production of narrow-spectrum protein antibacterials termed bacteriocins. Although significant research has focused on bacteriocin-mediated dynamics in culture environments, little research has explored bacteriocin-mediated dynamics within a host context, particularly in plant environments. Here, we show that a bacterial plant pathogen, Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (Psy), expresses a bacteriocin both in culture and in leaf apoplast when co-inoculated with a bacteriocin-sensitive competitor, P. syringae pv. phaseolicola (Pph). Although there is an observable negative effect of the bacteriocin on the Pph population at most time points both in culture and in the leaf apoplast, a bacteriocin-mediated benefit to Psy was only observed when the producing strain was co-infiltrated at a low population frequency (1:9) into the leaf apoplast. At 6 days post-infiltration, Psy achieved an eightfold population increase compared to a bacteriocin-deficient mutant in the apoplast. No bacteriocin-mediated benefit for Psy was observed under the culture conditions tested. Additionally, we found that the bacteriocin-mediated benefit for Psy was dependent on the Type III Secretion System. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the fitness benefit of bacteriocin-mediated antagonism is influenced by interactions within the host plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanareia Ehau‐Taumaunu
- Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental MicrobiologyThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Kevin L. Hockett
- Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental MicrobiologyThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA
- Center for Infectious Diseases DynamicsThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA
- The Huck Institutes of the Life SciencesThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA
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CESA-LUNA CATHERINE, ALATORRE-CRUZ JULIAMARÍA, CARREÑO-LÓPEZ RICARDO, QUINTERO-HERNÁNDEZ VERÓNICA, BAEZ ANTONINO. Emerging Applications of Bacteriocins as Antimicrobials, Anticancer Drugs, and Modulators of The Gastrointestinal Microbiota. Pol J Microbiol 2021; 70:143-159. [PMID: 34349808 PMCID: PMC8326989 DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2021-020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of bacteriocins holds great promise in different areas such as health, food, nutrition, veterinary, nanotechnology, among others. Many research groups worldwide continue to advance the knowledge to unravel a novel range of therapeutic agents and food preservatives. This review addresses the advances of bacteriocins and their producer organisms as biocontrol agents for applications in the medical industry and agriculture. Furthermore, the bacteriocin mechanism of action and structural characteristics will be reviewed. Finally, the potential role of bacteriocins to modulate the signaling in host-associated microbial communities will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- CATHERINE CESA-LUNA
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas (CICM), Instituto de Ciencias (IC), Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, México
| | | | - RICARDO CARREÑO-LÓPEZ
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas (CICM), Instituto de Ciencias (IC), Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, México
| | | | - ANTONINO BAEZ
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas (CICM), Instituto de Ciencias (IC), Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, México
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Chai LX, Dong K, Liu SY, Zhang Z, Zhang XP, Tong X, Zhu FF, Zou JZ, Wang XB. A putative nuclear copper chaperone promotes plant immunity in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:6684-6696. [PMID: 32865553 PMCID: PMC7586746 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Copper is essential for many metabolic processes but must be sequestrated by copper chaperones. It is well known that plant copper chaperones regulate various physiological processes. However, the functions of copper chaperones in the plant nucleus remain largely unknown. Here, we identified a putative copper chaperone induced by pathogens (CCP) in Arabidopsis thaliana. CCP harbors a classical MXCXXC copper-binding site (CBS) at its N-terminus and a nuclear localization signal (NLS) at its C-terminus. CCP mainly formed nuclear speckles in the plant nucleus, which requires the NLS and CBS domains. Overexpression of CCP induced PR1 expression and enhanced resistance against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 compared with Col-0 plants. Conversely, two CRISPR/Cas9-mediated ccp mutants were impaired in plant immunity. Further biochemical analyses revealed that CCP interacted with the transcription factor TGA2 in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, CCP recruits TGA2 to the PR1 promoter sequences in vivo, which induces defense gene expression and plant immunity. Collectively, our results have identified a putative nuclear copper chaperone required for plant immunity and provided evidence for a potential function of copper in the salicylic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Xiang Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Kai Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Song-Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiao-Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xin Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Fei-Fan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jing-Ze Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xian-Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence:
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Rooney WM, Chai R, Milner JJ, Walker D. Bacteriocins Targeting Gram-Negative Phytopathogenic Bacteria: Plantibiotics of the Future. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:575981. [PMID: 33042091 PMCID: PMC7530242 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.575981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gram-negative phytopathogenic bacteria are a significant threat to food crops. These microbial invaders are responsible for a plethora of plant diseases and can be responsible for devastating losses in crops such as tomatoes, peppers, potatoes, olives, and rice. Current disease management strategies to mitigate yield losses involve the application of chemicals which are often harmful to both human health and the environment. Bacteriocins are small proteinaceous antibiotics produced by bacteria to kill closely related bacteria and thereby establish dominance within a niche. They potentially represent a safer alternative to chemicals when used in the field. Bacteriocins typically show a high degree of selectivity toward their targets with no off-target effects. This review outlines the current state of research on bacteriocins active against Gram-negative phytopathogenic bacteria. Furthermore, we will examine the feasibility of weaponizing bacteriocins for use as a treatment for bacterial plant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- William M. Rooney
- Plant Science Group, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Ray Chai
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Joel J. Milner
- Plant Science Group, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Walker
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Li JZ, Zhou LY, Peng YL, Fan J. Pseudomonas bacteriocin syringacin M released upon desiccation suppresses the growth of sensitive bacteria in plant necrotic lesions. Microb Biotechnol 2019; 13:134-147. [PMID: 30672132 PMCID: PMC6922522 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteriocins are regarded as important factors mediating microbial interactions, but their exact role in community ecology largely remains to be elucidated. Here, we report the characterization of a mutant strain, derived from Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pst), that was incapable of growing in plant extracts and causing disease. Results showed that deficiency in a previously unannotated gene saxE led to the sensitivity of the mutant to Ca2+ in leaf extracts. Transposon insertions in the bacteriocin gene syrM, adjacent to saxE, fully rescued the bacterial virulence and growth of the ΔsaxE mutant in plant extracts, indicating that syrM‐saxE encode a pair of bacteriocin immunity proteins in Pst. To investigate whether the syrM‐saxE system conferred any advantage to Pst in competition with other SyrM‐sensitive pathovars, we compared the growth of a SyrM‐sensitive strain co‐inoculated with Pst strains with or without the syrM gene and observed a significant syrM‐dependent growth reduction of the sensitive bacteria on plate and in lesion tissues upon desiccation–rehydration treatment. These findings reveal an important biological role of SyrM‐like bacteriocins and help to understand the complex strategies used by P. syringae in adaptation to the phyllosphere niche in the context of plant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Zhou Li
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Crop Pest Monitoring and Green Control, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Li-Ying Zhou
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Crop Pest Monitoring and Green Control, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - You-Liang Peng
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Crop Pest Monitoring and Green Control, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.,State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jun Fan
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Crop Pest Monitoring and Green Control, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.,Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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