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Adams C, Nair N, Plant D, Verstappen SMM, Quach HL, Quach DL, Carvidi A, Nititham J, Nakamura M, Graf J, Barton A, Criswell LA, Barcellos LF. Identification of Cell-Specific Differential DNA Methylation Associated With Methotrexate Treatment Response in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2023; 75:1088-1097. [PMID: 36716083 PMCID: PMC10313739 DOI: 10.1002/art.42464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We undertook this study to estimate changes in cell-specific DNA methylation (DNAm) associated with methotrexate (MTX) response using whole blood samples collected from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients before and after initiation of MTX treatment. METHODS Patients included in this study were from the Rheumatoid Arthritis Medication Study (n = 66) and the University of California San Francisco Rheumatoid Arthritis study (n = 11). All patients met the American College of Rheumatology RA classification criteria. Blood samples were collected at baseline and following treatment. Disease Activity Scores in 28 joints using the C-reactive protein level were collected at baseline and after 3-6 months of treatment with MTX. Methylation profiles were generated using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 and MethylationEPIC v1.0 BeadChip arrays using DNA from whole blood. MTX response was defined using the EULAR response criteria (responders showed good/moderate response; nonresponders showed no response). Differentially methylated positions were identified using the Limma software package and Tensor Composition Analysis, which is a method for identifying cell-specific differential DNAm at the CpG level from tissue-level ("bulk") data. Differentially methylated regions were identified using Comb-p software. RESULTS We found evidence of differential global methylation between treatment response groups. Further, we found patterns of cell-specific differential global methylation associated with MTX response. After correction for multiple testing, 1 differentially methylated position was associated with differential DNAm between responders and nonresponders at baseline in CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and natural killer cells. Thirty-nine cell-specific differentially methylated regions associated with MTX treatment response were identified. There were no significant findings in analyses of whole blood samples. CONCLUSION We identified cell-specific changes in DNAm that were associated with MTX treatment response in RA patients. Future studies of DNAm and MTX treatment response should include measurements of DNAm from sorted cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Adams
- School of Public Health, University of CaliforniaBerkeley
| | - Nisha Nair
- Centre of Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, The University of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Darren Plant
- Centre of Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, NIHR Manchester BRC, Manchester University Foundation Trust, The University of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Suzanne M. M. Verstappen
- NIHR Manchester BRC, Manchester University Foundation Trust, and Centre for Epidemiology Versus Arthritis, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, and NIHR Newcastle BRC, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Hong L. Quach
- School of Public Health, University of CaliforniaBerkeley
| | - Diana L. Quach
- School of Public Health, University of CaliforniaBerkeley
| | | | - Joanne Nititham
- National Human Genome Research Institute, NIHBethesdaMaryland
| | - Mary Nakamura
- University of California and San Francisco Veterans Administration Health SystemSan FranciscoCalifornia
| | | | - Anne Barton
- Centre of Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, NIHR Manchester BRC, Manchester University Foundation Trust, The University of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | | | - Lisa F. Barcellos
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, and National Human Genome Research Institute, NIHBethesdaMaryland
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The Role of PKC and HIF-1 and the Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicinal Compounds on Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:1835898. [PMID: 35265143 PMCID: PMC8898791 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1835898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal death occurs during cerebral ischemia. However, when hemoperfusion and oxygen supply are resumed to the ischemic focus of the brain tissue, the brain tissue damage is further aggravated, resulting in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) to the patients. Protein kinase C (PKC) plays an important role in CIRI. Through the IP3/DAG/Ca2+ signaling pathway, it promotes the influx of calcium ions in neurons and causes calcium overload, which aggravates the damage. At the same time, when brain cells are hypoxic, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is expressed, which regulates the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and reduces nerve cell injury. It also fights hypoxic-ischemic injury by increasing the production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to promote blood vessel formation. The PKC and HIF-1 signaling pathways are also linked to CIRI. HIF-1 activates the PKC and ERK pathways via the upregulation of VEGF, leading to increased Cx43 phosphorylation and dysfunction and aggravating CIRI. Existing studies have shown that certain traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compounds regulate the PKC and HIF-1 signaling pathways and alleviate CIRI. These compounds downregulate the PKC and the activity of the PKC-related signaling pathways to alleviate CIRI. They can also promote the expression of HIF-1, increase the content of VEGF in ischemic tissues to promote the generation of blood vessels, and improve microcirculation. TCM compounds can inhibit the cascade of reactions underlying disease occurrence and development by targeting multiple components using different herbal formulations to improve the structural and material changes in the brain cells, which alleviate CIRI and protect the brain tissue. This study briefly describes the role of PKC and HIF-1, their relationship in CIRI, and the effect of TCM on them.
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Sasaki GH. The Effects of Lower vs Higher Cell Number of Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) on Hair Density and Diameter in Androgenetic Alopecia (AGA): A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo, Parallel-Group Half-Scalp IRB-Approved Study. Aesthet Surg J 2021; 41:NP1659-NP1672. [PMID: 34050738 DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjab236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a common disorder in both males and females and may be improved by platelet-rich plasma (PRP) treatment. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to compare safety, efficacy, and satisfaction following treatment with a lower or higher number of platelets over 6 months. METHODS This was a prospective randomized, double-blinded, placebo, parallel-group, half-scalp IRB-approved study involving 8 subjects with moderate AGA. Participants received intradermal PRP injections (baseline and Month 3), according to 2 treatment protocols (high vs low platelet numbers) to the frontal and crown portions of the hemiscalp and normal saline to control sites. Phototrichoscans were recorded at baseline and at 6 months, and global photography and subject and investigator satisfaction questionnaires were obtained at baseline, 3, and 6 months. RESULTS At the end of 6-month evaluation period, both groups demonstrated absolute increases in total hair density, follicle diameter, and terminal hair density, as well as absolute and percentage changes at the frontal and crown targeted sites compared with baseline. These improvements tended to occur more often in areas treated with higher platelet numbers than with lower numbers. Vellus hair densities did not exhibit any significant changes with either PRP dosages. The investigator and 6 of the subjects were "satisfied" with the results at 3 months and no adverse reactions were associated with the treatments. CONCLUSIONS Intradermal injections with 2 therapeutic quantities of platelets were equally safe and efficacious for treating men and women with AGA. Higher numbers of platelets may have a greater effect than lower numbers of platelets in regard to hair density, follicle diameter, and terminal hair density but exhibited minimal effects on vellus hair densities at the 6-month evaluation point. Further studies are required to determine whether any significant advantages occur when delivering either lower or higher numbers of platelets in AGA treatments as long as therapeutic levels are administered. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2
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Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma Efficacy in the Field of Regenerative Medicine: Product and Quality Control. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:4672959. [PMID: 34368346 PMCID: PMC8346315 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4672959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has emerged as a significant regenerative therapy used alone or combined mainly with stem cells, autologous fat grafts, hyaluronic acid, and biomaterials in a variety of medical fields, especially in hair regrowth, wound healing, and sports and rehabilitation medicine. However, the results obtained with this biologic therapy are heterogeneous and conflicting. The observed disparities in the effectiveness of PRP therapies may be due to a lack of standardization in blood processing and preparation. This article is aimed at reviewing the main biological parameters that need to be documented for a thorough reporting of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the PRP injected, to allow a comparison between the quality of samples and the clinically obtained results and advance the efforts towards treatment standardization.
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Li L, Zhou D, Liu Q, Li D, Wang Q, Shi X, Wen C, Huang L. Network analysis indicating the pharmacological mechanism of Yunpi-Qufeng-Chushi-prescription in prophylactic treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:142. [PMID: 33992108 PMCID: PMC8122573 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03311-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), is an autoimmune inflammatory disease with increasing global morbidity and high disability. Early treatment is an effective intervention to slow down joint deformation. However, as for early RA and pre-RA patients, it sometimes takes a long time to make a definite diagnosis and few guidelines have made suggestion for these suspected or early phrase individuals. Yunpi-Qufeng-Chushi-Prescription (YQCP) is an optimization of the traditional formula, Cangzhu Fangfeng Tang which is effective for arthromyodynia management. METHODS In this study, LC-MS identify the main component of YQCP. Ingredients of the 11 herbs were collected from Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Database (TCMID). Targets of these ingredients were collected from two source, TCMID and PharmMapper. Microarray of 20 early untreated RA patients and corresponding health control were download from NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to defined the differential expressed genes. Gene ontology analysis and KEGG enrichment analysis were carried out for the YQCP. Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) networks were constructed to identify the hub targets. At last, molecular docking (MD) were conducted to further verified the the possibility of YQCP for RA therapy. RESULT The study indicated that by acting on hub targets such as C3, EGFR, SRC and MMP9, YQCP may influence the mature of B cells and inhibit B cell-related IgG production, regulate oxidative stress and modulate activity of several enzymes including peroxidase and metallopeptidase to delay the occurrence and progress of RA and benefit the pre-RA or early RA patients. CONCLUSION YQCP is a potential effective therapy for prophylactic treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Donghai Zhou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310005, China
| | - Qiuping Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dianming Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiao Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaowei Shi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chengping Wen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Lin Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China.
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Mitchell S. What Will B Will B: Identifying Molecular Determinants of Diverse B-Cell Fate Decisions Through Systems Biology. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:616592. [PMID: 33511125 PMCID: PMC7835399 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.616592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
B-cells are the poster child for cellular diversity and heterogeneity. The diverse repertoire of B lymphocytes, each expressing unique antigen receptors, provides broad protection against pathogens. However, B-cell diversity goes beyond unique antigen receptors. Side-stepping B-cell receptor (BCR) diversity through BCR-independent stimuli or engineered organisms with monoclonal BCRs still results in seemingly identical B-cells reaching a wide variety of fates in response to the same challenge. Identifying to what extent the molecular state of a B-cell determines its fate is key to gaining a predictive understanding of B-cells and consequently the ability to control them with targeted therapies. Signals received by B-cells through transmembrane receptors converge on intracellular molecular signaling networks, which control whether each B-cell divides, dies, or differentiates into a number of antibody-secreting distinct B-cell subtypes. The signaling networks that interpret these signals are well known to be susceptible to molecular variability and noise, providing a potential source of diversity in cell fate decisions. Iterative mathematical modeling and experimental studies have provided quantitative insight into how B-cells achieve distinct fates in response to pathogenic stimuli. Here, we review how systems biology modeling of B-cells, and the molecular signaling networks controlling their fates, is revealing the key determinants of cell-to-cell variability in B-cell destiny.
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Xu D, Liang J, Lin J, Yu C. PKM2: A Potential Regulator of Rheumatoid Arthritis via Glycolytic and Non-Glycolytic Pathways. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2919. [PMID: 31921178 PMCID: PMC6930793 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunometabolism provides a new perspective on the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In recent years, there have been investigations focusing on the role of intracellular glucose metabolism in the pathogenesis of RA. Previous studies have shown that glycolysis of synovial tissue is increased in RA patients, while glycolysis inhibitors can significantly inhibit synovitis. Pyruvate kinase (PK) is a key enzyme in glycolysis, catalyzing the final rate-limiting step in the process. An isoform of PK, PKM2, provides favorable conditions for the survival of tumor cells via its glycolytic or non-glycolytic functions and has become a potential therapeutic target in tumors. RA synovium has the characteristic of tumor-like growth, and, moreover, increased expression of PKM2 was identified in the synovial tissue of RA patients in recent studies, indicating the underlying role of PKM2 in RA. PKM2 has potential value as a new therapeutic target or biomarker for RA, but its exact role in RA remains unclear. In this review, the properties of PKM2 and existing research concerning PKM2 and RA are thoroughly reviewed and summarized, and the possible role and mechanism of PKM2 in RA are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyi Xu
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junyu Liang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jin Lin
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaohui Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Gentile P, Garcovich S. Advances in Regenerative Stem Cell Therapy in Androgenic Alopecia and Hair Loss: Wnt pathway, Growth-Factor, and Mesenchymal Stem Cell Signaling Impact Analysis on Cell Growth and Hair Follicle Development. Cells 2019; 8:cells8050466. [PMID: 31100937 PMCID: PMC6562814 DOI: 10.3390/cells8050466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of stem cells has been reported to improve hair regrowth in several therapeutic strategies, including reversing the pathological mechanisms, that contribute to hair loss, regeneration of hair follicles, or creating hair using the tissue-engineering approach. Although various promising stem cell approaches are progressing via pre-clinical models to clinical trials, intraoperative stem cell treatments with a one-step procedure offer a quicker result by incorporating an autologous cell source without manipulation, which may be injected by surgeons through a well-established clinical practice. Many authors have concentrated on adipose-derived stromal vascular cells due to their ability to separate into numerous cell genealogies, platelet-rich plasma for its ability to enhance cell multiplication and neo-angiogenesis, as well as human follicle mesenchymal stem cells. In this paper, the significant improvements in intraoperative stem cell approaches, from in vivo models to clinical investigations, are reviewed. The potential regenerative instruments and functions of various cell populaces in the hair regrowth process are discussed. The addition of Wnt signaling in dermal papilla cells is considered a key factor in stimulating hair growth. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived signaling and growth factors obtained by platelets influence hair growth through cellular proliferation to prolong the anagen phase (FGF-7), induce cell growth (ERK activation), stimulate hair follicle development (β-catenin), and suppress apoptotic cues (Bcl-2 release and Akt activation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Gentile
- Surgical Science Department, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, University of "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Simone Garcovich
- Institute of Dermatology, F. Policlinico Gemelli IRCSS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy.
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Gentile P, Scioli MG, Bielli A, De Angelis B, De Sio C, De Fazio D, Ceccarelli G, Trivisonno A, Orlandi A, Cervelli V, Garcovich S. Platelet-Rich Plasma and Micrografts Enriched with Autologous Human Follicle Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improve Hair Re-Growth in Androgenetic Alopecia. Biomolecular Pathway Analysis and Clinical Evaluation. Biomedicines 2019; 7:biomedicines7020027. [PMID: 30965624 PMCID: PMC6631937 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines7020027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet rich plasma (PRP) and Micrografts containing human follicle mesenchymal stem cells (HF-MSCs) were tried as a potential treatment for androgenetic alopecia (AGA). However, little to no work has yet to be seen wherein the bio-molecular pathway of HF-MSCs or PRP treatments were analyzed. The aims of this work are to report the clinical effectiveness of HF-MSCs and platelet-rich plasma evaluating and reviewing the most updated information related to the bio-molecular pathway. Twenty-one patients were treated with HF-MSCs injections and 57 patients were treated with A-PRP. The Wnt pathway and Platelet derived-growth factors effects were analyzed. 23 weeks after the last treatment with mean hair thickness increments (29 ± 5.0%) over baseline values for the targeted area. 12 weeks after the last injection with A-PRP mean hair count and hair density (31 ± 2%) increases significantly over baseline values. The increment of Wnt signaling in Dermal Papilla Cells evidently is one of the principal factors that enhances hair growth. Signaling from mesenchymal stem cells and platelet derived growth factors positively influences hair growth through cellular proliferation to prolong the anagen phase (FGF-7), inducing cell growth (ERK activation), stimulating hair follicle development (β-catenin), and suppressing apoptotic cues (Bcl-2 release and Akt activation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Gentile
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00173 Rome, Italy.
| | - Maria G Scioli
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Institute of Anatomic Pathology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00173 Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Bielli
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Institute of Anatomic Pathology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00173 Rome, Italy.
| | - Barbara De Angelis
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00173 Rome, Italy.
| | | | | | - Gabriele Ceccarelli
- Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic, Human Anatomy Unit, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
- Center for Health Technologies, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | | | - Augusto Orlandi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Institute of Anatomic Pathology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00173 Rome, Italy.
| | - Valerio Cervelli
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00173 Rome, Italy.
| | - Simone Garcovich
- Institute of Dermatology, F. Policlinico Gemelli, IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy.
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Shabgah AG, Shariati-Sarabi Z, Tavakkol-Afshari J, Mohammadi M. The role of BAFF and APRIL in rheumatoid arthritis. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:17050-17063. [PMID: 30941763 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Development and activation of B cells quickly became clear after identifying new ligands and receptors in the tumor necrosis factor superfamily. B cell-activating factor (BAFF) and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) are the members of membrane proteins Type 2 family released by proteolytic cleavage of furin to form active, soluble homotrimers. Except for B cells, ligands are expressed by all such immune cells like T cells, dendritic cells, monocytes, and macrophages. BAFF and APRIL have two common receptors, namely TNFR homolog transmembrane activator and Ca2+ modulator and CAML interactor (TACI) and B cell-maturation antigen. BAFF alone can also be coupled with a third receptor called BAFFR (also called BR3 or BLyS Receptor). These receptors are often expressed by immune cells in the B-cell lineage. The binding of BAFF or APRIL to their receptors supports B cells differentiation and proliferation, immunoglobulin production and the upregulation of B cell-effector molecules expression. It is possible that the overexpression of BAFF and APRIL contributes to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. In BAFF transgenic mice, there is a pseudo-autoimmune manifestation, which is associated with an increase in B-lymphocytes, hyperglobulinemia, anti-single stranded DNA, and anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies, and immune complexes in their peripheral blood. Furthermore, overexpressing BAFF augments the number of peripheral B220+ B cells with a normal proliferation rate, high levels of Bcl2, and prolonged survival and hyperactivity. Therefore, in this review article, we studied BAFF and APRIL as important mediators in B-cell and discussed their role in rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo G Shabgah
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zhaleh Shariati-Sarabi
- Rheumatic Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Mojgan Mohammadi
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Allergy Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Qu Y, Zhang Y, Wu J, Jie L, Deng J, Zhao D, Yu Q. Retracted
: Downregulated microRNA‐135a ameliorates rheumatoid arthritis by inactivation of the phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase/AKT signaling pathway via phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase regulatory subunit 2. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:17663-17676. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Qu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Yu‐Ping Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Li‐Gang Jie
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Jia‐Xin Deng
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Dong‐Bao Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University Shanghai China
| | - Qing‐Hong Yu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
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Moura RA, Quaresma C, Vieira AR, Gonçalves MJ, Polido-Pereira J, Romão VC, Martins N, Canhão H, Fonseca JE. B-cell phenotype and IgD-CD27- memory B cells are affected by TNF-inhibitors and tocilizumab treatment in rheumatoid arthritis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182927. [PMID: 28886017 PMCID: PMC5590747 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The use of TNF-inhibitors and/or the IL-6 receptor antagonist, tocilizumab, in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have pleiotropic effects that also involve circulating B-cells. The main goal of this study was to assess the effect of TNF-inhibitors and tocilizumab on B-cell phenotype and gene expression in RA. Methods Blood samples were collected from untreated early RA (ERA) patients, established RA patients under methotrexate treatment, established RA patients before and after treatment with TNF-inhibitors and tocilizumab, and healthy donors. B-cell subpopulations were characterized by flow cytometry and B-cell gene expression was analyzed by real-time PCR on isolated B-cells. Serum levels of BAFF, CXCL13 and sCD23 were determined by ELISA. Results The frequency of total CD19+ B cells in circulation was similar between controls and all RA groups, irrespective of treatment, but double negative (DN) IgD-CD27- memory B cells were significantly increased in ERA and established RA when compared to controls. Treatment with TNF-inhibitors and tocilizumab restored the frequency of IgD-CD27- B-cells to normal levels, but did not affect other B cell subpopulations. TACI, CD95, CD5, HLA-DR and TLR9 expression on B-cells significantly increased after treatment with either TNF-inhibitors and/ or tocilizumab, but no significant changes were observed in BAFF-R, BCMA, CD69, CD86, CXCR5, CD23, CD38 and IgM expression on B-cells when comparing baseline with post-treatment follow-ups. Alterations in B-cell gene expression of BAFF-R, TACI, TLR9, FcγRIIB, BCL-2, BLIMP-1 and β2M were found in ERA and established RA patients, but no significant differences were observed after TNF-inhibitors and tocilizumab treatment when comparing baseline and follow-ups. Serum levels of CXCL13, sCD23 and BAFF were not significantly affected by treatment with TNF-inhibitors and tocilizumab. Conclusions In RA patients, the use of TNF-inhibitors and/ or tocilizumab treatment affects B-cell phenotype and IgD-CD27- memory B cells in circulation, but not B-cell gene expression levels.
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MESH Headings
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/diagnosis
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/immunology
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/metabolism
- B-Lymphocyte Subsets/drug effects
- B-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- B-Lymphocyte Subsets/metabolism
- Biomarkers
- Chemokine CXCL13/blood
- Follow-Up Studies
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin D/metabolism
- Immunologic Memory
- Immunophenotyping
- Lymphocyte Count
- Methotrexate/pharmacology
- Methotrexate/therapeutic use
- Phenotype
- Receptors, CXCR5/metabolism
- Receptors, IgE/blood
- Treatment Outcome
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 7/metabolism
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/antagonists & inhibitors
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita A. Moura
- Rheumatology Research Unit, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- * E-mail:
| | - Cláudia Quaresma
- Rheumatology Research Unit, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana R. Vieira
- Rheumatology Research Unit, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria J. Gonçalves
- Rheumatology Research Unit, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Rheumatology Department, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Norte, EPE, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon Academic Medical Centre, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Joaquim Polido-Pereira
- Rheumatology Research Unit, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Rheumatology Department, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Norte, EPE, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon Academic Medical Centre, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Vasco C. Romão
- Rheumatology Research Unit, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Rheumatology Department, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Norte, EPE, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon Academic Medical Centre, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Nádia Martins
- Rheumatology Department, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Norte, EPE, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon Academic Medical Centre, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Helena Canhão
- Rheumatology Research Unit, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Rheumatology Department, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Norte, EPE, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon Academic Medical Centre, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João E. Fonseca
- Rheumatology Research Unit, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Rheumatology Department, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Norte, EPE, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon Academic Medical Centre, Lisbon, Portugal
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Gentile P, Cole JP, Cole MA, Garcovich S, Bielli A, Scioli MG, Orlandi A, Insalaco C, Cervelli V. Evaluation of Not-Activated and Activated PRP in Hair Loss Treatment: Role of Growth Factor and Cytokine Concentrations Obtained by Different Collection Systems. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18020408. [PMID: 28216604 PMCID: PMC5343942 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18020408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet rich plasma (PRP) was tested as a potential therapy for androgenetic alopecia (AGA) through two different clinical protocols in which one population (18 participants) received half-head treatment with autologous non-activated PRP (A-PRP) produced by CPunT Preparation System (Biomed Device, Modena, Italy) and the other half-head with placebo, and a second separated population in which all participants (n = 6, 3 participants per group) received treatment with calcium-activated PRP (AA-PRP) produced from one of two different PRP collection devices (Regen Blood Cell Therapy or Arthrex Angel System). For the A-PRP study, three treatments were administered over 30-day intervals. Trichoscan analysis of patients, three months post-treatment, showed a clinical improvement in the number of hairs in the target area (36 ± 3 hairs) and in total hair density (65 ± 5 hair cm2), whereas negligible improvements in hair count (1.1 ± 1.4 hairs) and density (1.9 ± 10.2 hair cm2) were seen in the region of the scalp that received placebo. Microscopic evaluation conducted two weeks after treatment showed also an increase in epidermal thickness, Ki67+ keratinocytes, and in the number of follicles. The AA-PRP treatment groups received a singular set of injections, and six months after the treatments were administered, notable differences in clinical outcomes were obtained from the two PRP collection devices (+90 ± 6 hair cm2 versus −73 ± 30 hair cm2 hair densities, Regen versus Arthrex). Growth factor concentrations in AA-PRP prepared from the two collection devices did not differ significantly upon calcium activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Gentile
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Courmayeur, No. 102, 00135 Rome, Italy.
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department, Catholic University, 1005 Tiranna, Albania.
| | - John P Cole
- Cole Hair Transplant Group, Alpharetta, 30004 GA, USA.
| | - Megan A Cole
- Cole Hair Transplant Group, Alpharetta, 30004 GA, USA.
| | - Simone Garcovich
- Institute of Dermatology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Bielli
- Institute of Anatomic Pathology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Augusto Orlandi
- Institute of Anatomic Pathology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Chiara Insalaco
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Courmayeur, No. 102, 00135 Rome, Italy.
- Cole Hair Transplant Group, Alpharetta, 30004 GA, USA.
| | - Valerio Cervelli
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Courmayeur, No. 102, 00135 Rome, Italy.
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