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Segers FJ, Dijksterhuis J, Giesbers M, Debets AJ. Natural folding of airborne fungal spores: a mechanism for dispersal and long-term survival? FUNGAL BIOL REV 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbr.2022.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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van den Brule T, Punt M, Seekles SJ, Segers FJ, Houbraken J, Hazeleger WC, Ram AF, Wösten HA, Zwietering MH, Dijksterhuis J, den Besten HM. Intraspecific variability in heat resistance of fungal conidia. Food Res Int 2022; 156:111302. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Liu Y, Zhang C, Wang Z, Lin M, Wang J, Wu M. Pleiotropic roles of late embryogenesis abundant proteins of Deinococcus radiodurans against oxidation and desiccation. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 19:3407-3415. [PMID: 34188783 PMCID: PMC8213827 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Deinococcus radiodurans, an important extremophile, possesses extraordinary stress tolerance ability against lethal and mutagenic effects of DNA-damaging agents, such as γ-rays, ultraviolet, oxidation, and desiccation. How global regulators of this bacterium function in response to oxidation and desiccation has been an intense topic as elucidating such mechanisms may help to facilitate some beneficial applications in agriculture or medicine. Particularly, a variety of functional proteins have been characterized for D. radiodurans' behaviors under abiotic stresses. Interestingly, a group of Late Embryogenesis Abundant proteins (LEAs) in D. radiodurans have been characterized both biochemically and physiologically, which are shown indispensable for stabilizing crucial metabolic enzymes in a chaperone-like manner and thereby maintaining the metal ion homeostasis under oxidation and desiccation. The rapid progress in understanding deinococcal LEA proteins has substantially extended their functions in both plants and animals. Herein, we discuss the latest studies of radiodurans LEA proteins ranging from the classification to structures to functions. Importantly, the harnessing of these proteins may have unlimited potential for biotechnology, engineering and disease treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58203-9037, USA
| | - Chen Zhang
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen 6708 WE, The Netherlands
| | - Zhihan Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58203-9037, USA
| | - Min Lin
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58203-9037, USA
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Barcarolo MV, Gottig N, Ottado J, Garavaglia BS. Participation of two general stress response proteins from Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri in environmental stress adaptation and virulence. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2020; 96:5868764. [PMID: 32639549 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiaa138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc) is the bacteria responsible for citrus canker. During its life cycle Xcc is found on leaves as epiphyte, where desiccation conditions may occur. In this work, two Xcc genes, XAC0100 and XAC4007, predicted in silico to be involved in general stress response, were studied under salt, osmotic, desiccation, oxidative and freezing stress, and during plant-pathogen interaction. Expression of XAC0100 and XAC4007 genes was induced under these stress conditions. Disruption of both genes in Xcc caused decreased bacterial culturability under desiccation, freezing, osmotic and oxidative stress. Importantly, the lack of these genes impaired Xcc epiphytic fitness. Both Xac0100 and Xac4007 recombinant proteins showed protective effects on Xanthomonas cells subjected to drought stress. Also, Escherichia coli overexpressing Xac4007 showed a better performance under standard culture, saline and osmotic stress and were more tolerant to freezing and oxidative stress than wild type E. coli. Moreover, both Xac0100 and Xac4007 recombinant proteins were able to prevent the freeze-thaw-induced inactivation of L-Lactate dehydrogenase. In conclusion, Xac0100 and Xac4007 have a relevant role as bacteria and protein protectors; and these proteins are crucial to bacterial pathogens that must face environmental stressful conditions that compromise the accomplishment of the complete virulence process.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Victoria Barcarolo
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IBR-CONICET) and Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), Ocampo y Esmeralda, Rosario 2000, Argentina
| | - Natalia Gottig
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IBR-CONICET) and Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), Ocampo y Esmeralda, Rosario 2000, Argentina
| | - Jorgelina Ottado
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IBR-CONICET) and Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), Ocampo y Esmeralda, Rosario 2000, Argentina
| | - Betiana S Garavaglia
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IBR-CONICET) and Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), Ocampo y Esmeralda, Rosario 2000, Argentina
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Impact of maturation and growth temperature on cell-size distribution, heat-resistance, compatible solute composition and transcription profiles of Penicillium roqueforti conidia. Food Res Int 2020; 136:109287. [PMID: 32846509 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Penicillium roqueforti is a major cause of fungal food spoilage. Its conidia are the main dispersal structures of this fungus and therefore the main cause of food contamination. These stress resistant asexual spores can be killed by preservation methods such as heat treatment. Here, the effects of cultivation time and temperature on thermal resistance of P. roqueforti conidia were studied. To this end, cultures were grown for 3, 5, 7 and 10 days at 25 °C or for 7 days at 15, 25 and 30 °C. Conidia of 3- and 10-day-old cultures that had been grown at 25 °C had D56-values of 1.99 ± 0.15 min and 5.31 ± 1.04 min, respectively. The effect of cultivation temperature was most pronounced between P. roqueforti conidia cultured for 7 days at 15 °C and 30 °C, where D56-values of 1.12 ± 0.05 min and 4.19 ± 0.11 min were found, respectively. Notably, D56-values were not higher when increasing both cultivation time and temperature by growing for 10 days at 30 °C. A correlation was found between heat resistance of conidia and levels of trehalose and arabitol, while this was not found for glycerol, mannitol and erythritol. RNA-sequencing showed that the expression profiles of conidia of 3- to 10-day-old cultures that had been grown at 25 °C were distinct from conidia that had been formed at 15 °C and 30 °C for 7 days. Only 33 genes were upregulated at both prolonged incubation time and increased growth temperature. Their encoded proteins as well as trehalose and arabitol may form the core of heat resistance of P. roqueforti conidia.
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Liu Y, Zhang H, Han J, Jiang S, Geng X, Xue D, Chen Y, Zhang C, Zhou Z, Zhang W, Chen M, Lin M, Wang J. Functional assessment of hydrophilic domains of late embryogenesis abundant proteins from distant organisms. Microb Biotechnol 2019; 12:752-762. [PMID: 31012266 PMCID: PMC6559209 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins play a protective role during desiccation and oxidation stresses. LEA3 proteins are a major group characterized by a hydrophilic domain (HD) with a highly conserved repeating 11-amino acid motif. We compared four different HD orthologs from distant organisms: (i) DrHD from the extremophilic bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans; (ii) CeHD from the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans; (iii) YlHD from the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica; and (iv) BnHD from the plant Brassica napus. Circular dichroism spectroscopy showed that all four HDs were intrinsically disordered in phosphate buffer and then folded into α-helical structures with the addition of glycerol or trifluoroethanol. Heterologous HD expression conferred enhanced desiccation and oxidation tolerance to Escherichia coli. These four HDs protected the enzymatic activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) by preventing its aggregation under desiccation stress. The HDs also interacted with LDH, which was intensified by the addition of hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ), suggesting a protective role in a chaperone-like manner. Based on these results, the HDs of LEA3 proteins show promise as protectants for desiccation and oxidation stresses, especially DrHD, which is a potential ideal stress-response element that can be applied in synthetic biology due to its extraordinary protection and stress resistance ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Liu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jiahui Han
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Shijie Jiang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.,College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621000, China
| | - Xiuxiu Geng
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.,College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621000, China
| | - Dong Xue
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhengfu Zhou
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Min Lin
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
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Fungal spores: Highly variable and stress-resistant vehicles for distribution and spoilage. Food Microbiol 2018; 81:2-11. [PMID: 30910084 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights the variability of fungal spores with respect to cell type, mode of formation and stress resistance. The function of spores is to disperse fungi to new areas and to get them through difficult periods. This also makes them important vehicles for food contamination. Formation of spores is a complex process that is regulated by the cooperation of different transcription factors. The discussion of the biology of spore formation, with the genus Aspergillus as an example, points to possible novel ways to eradicate fungal spore production in food. Fungi can produce different types of spores, sexual and asexually, within the same colony. The absence or presence of sexual spore formation has led to a dual nomenclature for fungi. Molecular techniques have led to a revision of this nomenclature. A number of fungal species form sexual spores, which are exceptionally stress-resistant and survive pasteurization and other treatments. A meta-analysis is provided of numerous D-values of heat-resistant ascospores generated during the years. The relevance of fungal spores for food microbiology has been discussed.
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Paulussen C, Hallsworth JE, Álvarez‐Pérez S, Nierman WC, Hamill PG, Blain D, Rediers H, Lievens B. Ecology of aspergillosis: insights into the pathogenic potency of Aspergillus fumigatus and some other Aspergillus species. Microb Biotechnol 2017; 10:296-322. [PMID: 27273822 PMCID: PMC5328810 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungi of the genus Aspergillus are widespread in the environment. Some Aspergillus species, most commonly Aspergillus fumigatus, may lead to a variety of allergic reactions and life-threatening systemic infections in humans. Invasive aspergillosis occurs primarily in patients with severe immunodeficiency, and has dramatically increased in recent years. There are several factors at play that contribute to aspergillosis, including both fungus and host-related factors such as strain virulence and host pulmonary structure/immune status, respectively. The environmental tenacity of Aspergilllus, its dominance in diverse microbial communities/habitats, and its ability to navigate the ecophysiological and biophysical challenges of host infection are attributable, in large part, to a robust stress-tolerance biology and exceptional capacity to generate cell-available energy. Aspects of its stress metabolism, ecology, interactions with diverse animal hosts, clinical presentations and treatment regimens have been well-studied over the past years. Here, we synthesize these findings in relation to the way in which some Aspergillus species have become successful opportunistic pathogens of human- and other animal hosts. We focus on the biophysical capabilities of Aspergillus pathogens, key aspects of their ecophysiology and the flexibility to undergo a sexual cycle or form cryptic species. Additionally, recent advances in diagnosis of the disease are discussed as well as implications in relation to questions that have yet to be resolved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Paulussen
- Laboratory for Process Microbial Ecology and Bioinspirational Management (PME&BIM)Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S)KU LeuvenCampus De NayerSint‐Katelijne‐WaverB‐2860Belgium
| | - John E. Hallsworth
- Institute for Global Food SecuritySchool of Biological SciencesMedical Biology CentreQueen's University BelfastBelfastBT9 7BLUK
| | - Sergio Álvarez‐Pérez
- Faculty of Veterinary MedicineDepartment of Animal HealthUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadridE‐28040Spain
| | | | - Philip G. Hamill
- Institute for Global Food SecuritySchool of Biological SciencesMedical Biology CentreQueen's University BelfastBelfastBT9 7BLUK
| | - David Blain
- Institute for Global Food SecuritySchool of Biological SciencesMedical Biology CentreQueen's University BelfastBelfastBT9 7BLUK
| | - Hans Rediers
- Laboratory for Process Microbial Ecology and Bioinspirational Management (PME&BIM)Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S)KU LeuvenCampus De NayerSint‐Katelijne‐WaverB‐2860Belgium
| | - Bart Lievens
- Laboratory for Process Microbial Ecology and Bioinspirational Management (PME&BIM)Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S)KU LeuvenCampus De NayerSint‐Katelijne‐WaverB‐2860Belgium
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Saucedo AL, Hernández-Domínguez EE, de Luna-Valdez LA, Guevara-García AA, Escobedo-Moratilla A, Bojorquéz-Velázquez E, del Río-Portilla F, Fernández-Velasco DA, Barba de la Rosa AP. Insights on Structure and Function of a Late Embryogenesis Abundant Protein from Amaranthus cruentus: An Intrinsically Disordered Protein Involved in Protection against Desiccation, Oxidant Conditions, and Osmotic Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:497. [PMID: 28439280 PMCID: PMC5384071 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins are part of a large protein family that protect other proteins from aggregation due to desiccation or osmotic stresses. Recently, the Amaranthus cruentus seed proteome was characterized by 2D-PAGE and one highly accumulated protein spot was identified as a LEA protein and was named AcLEA. In this work, AcLEA cDNA was cloned into an expression vector and the recombinant protein was purified and characterized. AcLEA encodes a 172 amino acid polypeptide with a predicted molecular mass of 18.34 kDa and estimated pI of 8.58. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that AcLEA is evolutionarily close to the LEA3 group. Structural characteristics were revealed by nuclear magnetic resonance and circular dichroism methods. We have shown that recombinant AcLEA is an intrinsically disordered protein in solution even at high salinity and osmotic pressures, but it has a strong tendency to take a secondary structure, mainly folded as α-helix, when an inductive additive is present. Recombinant AcLEA function was evaluated using Escherichia coli as in vivo model showing the important protection role against desiccation, oxidant conditions, and osmotic stress. AcLEA recombinant protein was localized in cytoplasm of Nicotiana benthamiana protoplasts and orthologs were detected in seeds of wild and domesticated amaranth species. Interestingly AcLEA was detected in leaves, stems, and roots but only in plants subjected to salt stress. This fact could indicate the important role of AcLEA protection during plant stress in all amaranth species studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma L. Saucedo
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, A.C.San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Eric E. Hernández-Domínguez
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, A.C.San Luis Potosí, México
| | | | | | - Abraham Escobedo-Moratilla
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, A.C.San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Esaú Bojorquéz-Velázquez
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, A.C.San Luis Potosí, México
| | | | - Daniel A. Fernández-Velasco
- Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica e Ingeniería de Proteínas, Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de México, México
| | - Ana P. Barba de la Rosa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, A.C.San Luis Potosí, México
- *Correspondence: Ana P. Barba de la Rosa,
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