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Chen TY, Kamali M, Chu CS, Yeh CB, Huang SY, Mao WC, Lin PY, Chen YW, Tseng PT, Hsu CY. Divalproex and its effect on suicide risk in bipolar disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis of multinational observational studies. J Affect Disord 2019; 245:812-818. [PMID: 30699864 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.11.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Divalproex has become the most prevalent mood stabilizer for bipolar disorder. However, little is known its effects in the prevention of suicide in patients with bipolar disorder, and recent FDA announcement indicated an increased risk of suicidality when using anti-epileptic agents such as divalproex. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of divalproex on suicide risk in patients with bipolar disorder. METHODS A search strategy was used for the PubMed, Embase, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, ClinicalKey, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov until June 13th, 2018. Peer-reviewed observationally clinical studies in humans, investigating the association of divalproex and suicidality in patients with bipolar disorder were included. A random-effects meta-analysis was implemented to calculate the relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for suicidality among patients receiving divalproex and those without. RESULTS Total 6 studies were included in the final meta-analysis. There was no significant difference in the incidence rates (reported as [RR]; 95% CI) of suicide attempts (0.921; 0.383-2.215) or completed suicides (0.607; 0.180-2.043) between participants receiving divalproex vs. no medication. There was no significant difference in the incidence rates of suicide attempts (0.815; 0.453-1.466) or completed suicides (1.009; 0.410-2.484) between participants receiving divalproex and carbamazepine. LIMITATIONS The significantly heterogeneous sample sources and study design amount the included trials. CONCLUSIONS Treatment with divalproex did not reduce or increase the incidence of suicide-related events in patients with bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tien-Yu Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital; School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Masoud Kamali
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Che-Sheng Chu
- Department of Psychiatry and Center for Geriatric and Gerontology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Bin Yeh
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital; School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - San-Yuan Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital; School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chung Mao
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Yen Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Translational Research in Biomedical Sciences, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Wen Chen
- Prospect Clinic for Otorhinolaryngology and Neurology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Tao Tseng
- WinShine Clinics in Specialty of Psychiatry, Number 68, Nantai Road, Xinxing District, Kaohsiung 800, Taiwan.
| | - Chung-Yao Hsu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung 80754, Taiwan.
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