Eruption disturbances in the mixed dentition: orthodontic considerations for primary dental care

Strategic Intervention: Ectopic Premolar Management for Preventing Molar-Premolar Transposition in Class III Malocclusion

Class III malocclusion often leads to the ectopic eruption of premolars in the upper arch, posing unique challenges for orthodontic practitioners. This case report explores the clinical implications of ectopic maxillary premolars in a Class III malocclusion patient, emphasizing the importance of early intervention and comprehensive treatment strategies. Factors contributing to ectopic eruption, including genetic predisposition and anatomical variations, are discussed, guiding orthodontists in effective diagnosis and management. A 14-year-old patient with Class III malocclusion, anterior crossbite, and ectopic maxillary premolars sought orthodontic consultation. The treatment plan involved extracting the deciduous second molar, realigning the ectopic premolar, and addressing arch length discrepancies. Utilizing fixed orthodontic appliances and strategic force application, the patient achieved Class I molar and canine relationships, resolving the ectopic premolar alignment within 10 months. Ectopic eruption of maxillary premolars, especially in Class III malocclusion, is a critical concern for oral health. Genetic predisposition, arch crowding, and developmental disturbances contribute to this condition. Early intervention, as demonstrated in this case, plays a pivotal role in restoring dentoskeletal harmony. The study underscores the need for a multidisciplinary approach, combining orthodontic, surgical, and restorative interventions for optimal outcomes. Thus, this case report highlights the successful management of ectopic maxillary premolars in a Class III malocclusion patient through strategic orthodontic intervention. Understanding the etiological factors and employing a comprehensive treatment approach facilitate timely diagnosis and prevent complications. Orthodontists must navigate the complexities of ectopic eruption, considering occlusal effects and collaborating with other specialists for holistic patient care.

Tooth agenesis: An overview of diagnosis, aetiology and management

Patients with one or more developmentally absent teeth are routinely encountered in dental practice. Tooth agenesis can be associated with significant functional, aesthetic and psycho-social problems. The present article provides an overview of the prevalence and aetiology of tooth agenesis, as well as the condition's clinical characteristics and management options with reference to the evidence base. A timely diagnosis can facilitate the appropriate planning and management which might not be straightforward, and patient care will likely require multi- and inter-disciplinary input. It is critical that dental care practitioners are aware of the clinical characteristics and management options for tooth agenesis.

Mandibular lateral incisor-first premolar transposition in early mixed dentition: a rare case

Dental transposition is an anomaly of eruption which is usually seen in the maxilla and rarely in the mandible. The mandibular lateral incisor's transposition with the permanent canine has a prevalence of less than 0.03%. The following case presents an even rarer situation, of a right lateral mandibular incisor that erupted in the place of the first premolar, in transposition with the temporary canine. In the first phase, a series of extractions have been performed, to ensure the necessary free space for moving the lateral incisor closer to its appropriate place, and after that a fixed orthodontic appliance was used. The biomechanics for intra-arch tooth movement was ingenious enough to ensure a perfect alignment of all permanent teeth and a functional Class I canine and molar final occlusion. Early intervention and successful move of the permanent canine in its correct position ensured the functionality of the mandibular movements and a good long-term prognosis.

Root Resorption of the Permanent Central Incisor through Ectopic Eruption of the Maxillary Canine

Although ectopic eruption of the maxillary canine has a low prevalence, a late diagnosis can have serious consequences. A careful clinical examination, assisted with radiographic examination, ensures early diagnosis, facilitates planning, and minimizes possible adverse consequences. This study reports a case of ectopic eruption of the permanent maxillary canine, with complete root resorption of the central permanent incisor, the consequences of which caused functional, aesthetic, and psychological harms to the patient. The procedures used included canine ectopic remodeling of the ectopic canine in the central incisor and orthodontic correction, which treated the anomaly and rebuilt the patient's self-esteem.