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Torres RC, Valfré-Giorello TA, Cingolani AM, Cáceres Y, Barberá I, Hensen I, Renison D. Effects of freezing temperatures on early life stages of native trees of different elevational origin: implications for tree recruitment in seasonally dry mountain forests. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2024; 26:63-73. [PMID: 37971789 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
In mountain forests, tree regeneration is limited by increasingly frequent frosts with increasing elevation. We investigated the effects of exposure to freezing temperature on early life stages of two native trees of different elevational origin in a seasonally dry mountain forest. We hypothesized that the negative effects of freezing exposure on performance of early life stages increases as freezing temperature decreases, and that frost resistance increases in plants of high elevational origin. We collected seeds of two tree species (Kageneckia lanceolata and Lithraea molleoides) from populations located at different elevations and grew seedlings and saplings in a greenhouse. Dry seeds, imbibed seeds and 1-month-old seedlings were exposed to seven temperature treatments ranging from 4 °C to -20 °C, while 12-month-old saplings were exposed to four temperature treatments from -8 °C to -20 °C. After freezing exposure in a climate chamber, we monitored seed germination and seedling and sapling survival. Germination of K. lanceolata decreased with decreasing temperature only for imbibed seeds from mid- and high elevations, whereas germination of L. molleoides slightly increased with decreasing temperature only for imbibed seeds from high elevations. For both species, seedling survival decreased with decreasing temperature. For K. lanceolata, the negative effects of freezing temperatures were weaker as elevational origin of seeds increased, whereas L. molleoides showed the opposite pattern. For both species, saplings only survived at the mildest applied freezing temperature (-8 °C). We conclude that effects of climatic variation associated with elevation depend on the study species and life stage. The observed patterns could be caused by maternal effects, which are absent at the sapling stage. Moreover, temperatures below -8 °C can limit recruitment since partial mortality of seedlings and saplings occurred at such values.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Torres
- Institute of Biological and Technological Research, Center of Ecology and Renewable Natural Resources, CONICET-National University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - T A Valfré-Giorello
- Institute of Biological and Technological Research, Center of Ecology and Renewable Natural Resources, CONICET-National University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - A M Cingolani
- Multidisciplinary Institute of Vegetal Biology, CONICET-National University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Y Cáceres
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - I Barberá
- Institute of Biodiversity and the Environment, CONICET-National University of Comahue, Bariloche, Argentina
| | - I Hensen
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - D Renison
- Institute of Biological and Technological Research, Center of Ecology and Renewable Natural Resources, CONICET-National University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
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Boza Espinoza TE, Kessler M. A monograph of the genus Polylepis (Rosaceae). PHYTOKEYS 2022; 203:1-274. [PMID: 36761034 PMCID: PMC9849045 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.203.83529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We present a monograph of the high Andean tree genus Polylepis (Rosaceae), based on a species concept considering morphological, climatic and biogeographic distinctness as indicators of evolutionary independence. In total, we recognize 45 species of Polylepis, grouped in five sections. Polylepissect.Sericeae is represented by 15 species in four subsections, P.sect.Reticulatae by seven species, P.sect.Subsericantes by three species, P.sect.Australes by two species and P.sect.Incanaee by three subsections with 18 species. We describe seven new species, one from Colombia (P.frontinensis), one from Ecuador (P.simpsoniae) and five from Peru (P.acomayensis, P.fjeldsaoi, P.occidentalis, P.pilosissima and P.sacra). Three species from Peru (P.albicans, P.pallidistigma and P.serrata) are re-instated as valid species. Two taxa from Bolivia (P.incanoides and P.nana) are elevated from subspecies to species rank. The morphology, habitat, distribution, ecology and conservation status of each species are documented. We also provide an identification key to the species of the genus and general introductions on taxonomic history, morphology, evolution, ecology and conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Erika Boza Espinoza
- Institute for Nature, Earth and Energy (INTE), Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú (PUCP), Av. Universitaria 1801, Lima 15088, PeruPontificia Universidad Católica del Perú (PUCP)LimaPeru
| | - Michael Kessler
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH-8008 Zurich, SwitzerlandUniversity of ZurichZürichSwitzerland
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3
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Marcora PI, Tecco PA, Ferrero MC, Ferreras AE, Zeballos SR, Funes G, Gurvich DE, Arias G, Cáceres Y, Hensen I. Are populations of Polylepis australis locally adapted along their elevation gradient? NEOTROPICAL BIODIVERSITY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/23766808.2021.1940049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Inés Marcora
- Instituto Multidisciplinario De Biología Vegetal (Conicet-universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Cordoba, Argentina
| | - Paula A Tecco
- Instituto Multidisciplinario De Biología Vegetal (Conicet-universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Cordoba, Argentina
- Cátedra de Biogeografía, Departamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Cordoba, Argentina
| | - María Cecilia Ferrero
- Instituto Multidisciplinario De Biología Vegetal (Conicet-universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Cordoba, Argentina
| | - Ana Elisa Ferreras
- Instituto Multidisciplinario De Biología Vegetal (Conicet-universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Cordoba, Argentina
| | - Sebastián Rodolfo Zeballos
- Instituto Multidisciplinario De Biología Vegetal (Conicet-universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Cordoba, Argentina
| | - Guillermo Funes
- Instituto Multidisciplinario De Biología Vegetal (Conicet-universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Cordoba, Argentina
- Cátedra de Biogeografía, Departamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Cordoba, Argentina
| | - Diego Ezequiel Gurvich
- Instituto Multidisciplinario De Biología Vegetal (Conicet-universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Cordoba, Argentina
- Cátedra de Biogeografía, Departamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Cordoba, Argentina
| | - Gonzalo. Arias
- Cátedra de Biogeografía, Departamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Cordoba, Argentina
| | - Yolanda Cáceres
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Halle (Saale), Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (Idiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Isabell Hensen
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Halle (Saale), Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (Idiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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Caiza Guamba JC, Corredor D, Galárraga C, Herdoiza JP, Santillán M, Segovia-Salcedo MC. Geometry morphometrics of plant structures as a phenotypic tool to differentiate Polylepis incana Kunth. and Polylepis racemosa Ruiz & Pav. reforested jointly in Ecuador. NEOTROPICAL BIODIVERSITY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/23766808.2021.1906138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Corredor
- Department of Life Sciences and Agriculture, Universidad De Las Fuerzas Armadas-ESPE, Sangolquí, Ecuador
| | - Cristina Galárraga
- Department of Life Sciences and Agriculture, Universidad De Las Fuerzas Armadas-ESPE, Sangolquí, Ecuador
| | - Jean Pierre Herdoiza
- Department of Life Sciences and Agriculture, Universidad De Las Fuerzas Armadas-ESPE, Sangolquí, Ecuador
| | - Michelle Santillán
- Department of Life Sciences and Agriculture, Universidad De Las Fuerzas Armadas-ESPE, Sangolquí, Ecuador
| | - María C. Segovia-Salcedo
- Department of Life Sciences and Agriculture, Universidad De Las Fuerzas Armadas-ESPE, Sangolquí, Ecuador
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Cuénin N, Flores O, Rivière E, Lebreton G, Reynaud B, Martos F. Great Genetic Diversity but High Selfing Rates and Short-Distance Gene Flow Characterize Populations of a Tree (Foetidia; Lecythidaceae) in the Fragmented Tropical Dry Forest of the Mascarene Islands. J Hered 2020; 110:287-299. [PMID: 30726933 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esy069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Following the global trend of deforestation and degradation, tropical dry forests in the Mascarenes archipelago on Reunion has undergone harsh reduction and fragmentation within 3 centuries of human occupation. We investigated the genetic diversity, mating system, and gene flow in fragmented populations of the native tree Foetidia mauritiana (Lecythidaceae) on Reunion, using microsatellite genotyping of adults (in- and ex situ) and seed progenies (in situ only). To test genetic isolation between the Mascarene islands, we also genotyped conspecific adults on Mauritius, and trees of Foetidia rodriguesiana on Rodrigues. We found a high genetic diversity among the trees on Reunion, but no population structure (G'ST: 0.039-0.090), and an increase of the fixation index (FIS) from adults to progenies. A subsequent analysis of mating systems from progeny arrays revealed selfing rates >50% in fragmented populations and close to 100% in lone trees. A paternity analysis revealed pollen flow ranging from 15.6 to 296.1 m within fragments. At broader scale, the populations of F. mauritiana on Reunion and Mauritius are genetically differentiated. The morphologically allied taxa F. rodriguesiana and F. mauritiana are clearly isolated. Therefore, this case study shows that genetic diversity may persist after deforestation, especially in long-lived tree species, but the reproductive features may be deeply altered during this process. This would explain the low seed production and the absence of recruitment in F. mauritiana. Restoration programs should take into account these features, as well as the importance that trees ex situ represent in restoring and conserving diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Cuénin
- CIRAD, UMR PVBMT, Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France.,Université de La Réunion, UMR PVBMT, Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France
| | - Olivier Flores
- Université de La Réunion, UMR PVBMT, Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France
| | - Eric Rivière
- CIRAD, UMR PVBMT, Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France
| | | | - Bernard Reynaud
- CIRAD, UMR PVBMT, Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France.,Université de La Réunion, UMR PVBMT, Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France
| | - Florent Martos
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), MNHN, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
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