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Gao F, Liu H, Meng X, Liu J, Wang J, Yu J, Liu X, Liu X, Li L, Qiu L, Qian Z, Zhou S, Gong W, Meng B, Ren X, Golchehre Z, Chavoshzadeh Z, He J, Zhang H, Wang X. Integrative genomic and transcriptomic analysis reveals genetic alterations associated with the early progression of follicular lymphoma. Br J Haematol 2023; 202:1151-1164. [PMID: 37455019 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Follicular lymphoma (FL), the most common indolent lymphoma, is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disease. However, the prognostic value of driver gene mutations and copy number alterations has not been systematically assessed. Here, we analysed the clinical-biological features of 415 FL patients to identify variables associated with disease progression within 24 months of first-line therapy (POD24). Patients with B symptoms, elevated lactate dehydrogenase and β2-microglobulin levels, unfavourable baseline haemoglobin levels, advanced stage, and high-risk FL International Prognostic Index (FLIPI) scores had an increased risk of POD24, with FLIPI being the most important factor in logistic regression. HIST1H1D, identified as a driver mutation, was correlated with POD24. Gains of 6p22.2 (HIST1H1D) and 18q21.33 (BCL2) and loss of 1p36.13 (NBPF1) predicted POD24 independent of FLIPI. Gene expression profiling of FL samples showed that the POD24 cohort was significantly enriched in the inflammatory response (mediated by interferon and tumour necrosis factor), cell cycle regulation (transcription, replication and proliferation) sets and PI3K-AKT-mTOR signalling. This result was further validated with transcriptome-wide information provided by RNA-seq at single-cell resolution. Our study, performed on a large cohort of FL patients, highlights the importance of distinctive genetic alterations and gene expression relevant to disease diagnosis and early progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenghua Gao
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, the Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Hengqi Liu
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, the Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiangrui Meng
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, the Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, the Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiesong Wang
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, the Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin, China
- Department of Lymphoma & Head and Neck Oncology, College of Clinical Medicine for Oncology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jingwei Yu
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, the Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, the Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Xianming Liu
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, the Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Lanfang Li
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, the Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Lihua Qiu
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, the Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhengzi Qian
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, the Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Shiyong Zhou
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, the Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenchen Gong
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Meng
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiubao Ren
- Department of Immunology/Biotherapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zahra Golchehre
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Chavoshzadeh
- Department of Immunology/Allergy, Pediatric Infections Research Center, Mofid Children's Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jin He
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, the Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Huilai Zhang
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, the Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Xianhuo Wang
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, the Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin, China
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Gao F, Zhang T, Liu X, Qu Z, Liu X, Li L, Qiu L, Qian Z, Zhou S, Gong W, Meng B, Ren X, Wang X, Zhang H. Clinical features and outcomes of patients with follicular lymphoma: A real-world study of 926 patients in China. Front Oncol 2022; 12:863021. [PMID: 36185179 PMCID: PMC9522898 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.863021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The data about the clinical features and outcomes of Chinese patients with follicular lymphoma (FL) are limited. Here, we conducted a retrospective study to explore the initial treatment strategies and clinical outcomes of Chinese patients with FL in the real world. Method This study included FL patients who were newly diagnosed in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital from March 2002 to August 2020. Results A total of 926 FL patients were enrolled. The median age was 54 years old, and the majority of the Chinese FL patients had advanced-stage disease and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group(ECOG) <1 but less frequently infiltrated bone marrow. After a median of 38-month follow-up, the 5-year progressive-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of grade1-3a were 57.8% and 88.7%, respectively, which both are similar to those reported in previous Chinese and Western studies. The co-existence at diagnosis of FL and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) components (FL/DLBCL) was associated with poor outcomes. The FL grades and proportion of DLBCL component in FL/DLBCL did not have an impact on PFS and OS. The most common regimen with great efficacy and risk-benefit was RCHOP-like followed by R maintenance regimen. The 5-year cumulative hazard of histological transformation (HT) was 4.7% (95% CI, 3.5-5.9); median time to transformation was 23.5 months (range, 2-146 months) after diagnosis. Three-year survival following transformation was 55% (95% CI, 40-70). Patients with stage III-IV, elevated β2 microglobulin (β2-MG), and B symptoms seemed to be more prone to progress within 24 months of frontline therapy (POD24). The FLIPI-2 showed the highest specificity to predict POD24, reflecting the prediction of correctly classifying as low-risk patients, but the FLIPI had the highest sensitivity to predict the risk of progression for critical patients. Conclusions We revealed the clinical characteristics and outcomes of FL patients in the real world in China, which may provide novel data on prognostic factors and primary treatment of FL, applicable to routine clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenghua Gao
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenjie Qu
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Xianming Liu
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Lanfang Li
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Lihua Qiu
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhengzi Qian
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Shiyong Zhou
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenchen Gong
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Meng
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiubao Ren
- Department of Immunology/Biotherapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xianhuo Wang
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Huilai Zhang
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sino-US Center for Lymphoma and Leukemia Research, Tianjin, China
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Li H, Wang M, Zhang Y, Hu F, Wang K, Wang C, Gao Z. Prediction of prognosis and pathologic grade in follicular lymphoma using 18F-FDG PET/CT. Front Oncol 2022; 12:943151. [PMID: 35965552 PMCID: PMC9366037 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.943151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose We investigated the utility of a new baseline PET parameter expressing lesion dissemination and metabolic parameters for predicting progression-free survival (PFS) and pathologic grade in follicular lymphoma (FL). Methods The baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT images of 126 patients with grade 1–3A FL were retrospectively analyzed. A novel PET/CT parameter characterizing lesion dissemination, the distance between two lesions that were furthest apart (Dmax), was calculated. The total metabolic tumor volume and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) were computed by using 41% of the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) thresholding method. Results The 5-year PFS rate was 51.9% for all patients. In the multivariate analysis, high Dmax [P = 0.046; hazard ratio (HR) = 2.877], high TLG (P = 0.004; HR = 3.612), and elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase (P = 0.041; HR = 2.287) were independent predictors of PFS. A scoring system for prognostic stratification was established based on these three adverse factors, and the patients were classified into three risk categories: low risk (zero to one factor, n = 75), intermediate risk (two adverse factors, n = 29), and high risk (three adverse factors, n = 22). Patients in the high-risk group had a shorter 3-year PFS (21.7%) than those in the low- and intermediate-risk groups (90.6 and 44.6%, respectively) (P < 0.001). The C-index of our scoring system for PFS (0.785) was superior to the predictive capability of the Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index (FLIPI), FLIPI2, and PRIMA-Prognostic Index (C-index: 0.628–0.701). The receiver operating characteristic curves and decision curve analysis demonstrated that the scoring system had better differentiation and clinical utility than these existing indices. In addition, the median SUVmax was significantly higher in grade 3A (36 cases) than in grades 1 and 2 FL (90 cases) (median: 13.63 vs. 11.45, P = 0.013), but a substantial overlap existed (range: 2.25–39.62 vs. 3.17–39.80). Conclusion TLG and Dmax represent two complementary aspects of the disease, capturing the tumor burden and lesion dissemination. TLG and Dmax are promising metrics for identifying patients at a high risk of progression or relapse. Additionally, SUVmax seems to have some value for distinguishing grade 3A from low-grade FL but cannot substitute for biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Yajing Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Fan Hu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenyang Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Zairong Gao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Zairong Gao,
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Zha J, Fan L, Yi S, Yu H, Zheng Z, Xu W, Deng M, Lin Z, Li Z, Ping L, He X, Chen F, Xie Y, Chen B, Zhang H, Wang L, Ding K, Li W, Yang H, Zhao W, Qiu L, Li Z, Song Y, Xu B. Clinical features and outcomes of 1845 patients with follicular lymphoma: a real-world multicenter experience in China. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:131. [PMID: 34425858 PMCID: PMC8383436 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-021-01139-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical features and outcomes of FL patients in Chinese population are limited, thus promoting us to perform this analysis on a large cohort of 1845 patients with FL enrolled from nine medical centers nationwide in China. In this cohort, the median age of patients at diagnosis was 53 years, which was comparable to that reported previously for Chinese FL patients (49-51 years) but younger than that for Western FL patients (60-65 years). In contrast with Western patients, Chinese FL patients more likely involved extranodal sites but less frequently infiltrated bone marrow. Other clinical characteristics were comparable between two populations. In this study, 91% of patients were managed with chemotherapy, yielding 72% and 46% of overall-response rate and complete remission. After median 55-month follow-up, 5-year progressive-free and overall survival were 61% and 89%, respectively. Both were analogous to those reported in prior Chinese and Western studies. Consistent with published data, addition of rituximab into both induction (Ri) and maintenance (Rm) treatment led to the most favorable outcomes. Interestingly, Ri only had better outcomes than Rm only. Notably, 7% of patients experienced histologic transformation (HT) and correlated with poor survival. Of the transformed FL cases, 3% and 4% of HT events occurred prior to or post-treatment, respectively. Importantly, the latter displayed worse outcomes than the former. Altogether, this study provides real-world information of the largest cohort of FL patients so far in China, which might lay a foundation for clinical investigation of Chinese FL in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zha
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University and Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Key Laboratory of Xiamen for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hematological Malignancy, Xiamen, China
| | - Liyuan Fan
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University and Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Key Laboratory of Xiamen for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hematological Malignancy, Xiamen, China
| | - Shuhua Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Blood Diseases Hospital and Institute of Hematology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Haifeng Yu
- Department of Lymphoma, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China.,Department of Lymphoma, Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhong Zheng
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Manman Deng
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University and Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Key Laboratory of Xiamen for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hematological Malignancy, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhijuan Lin
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University and Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Key Laboratory of Xiamen for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hematological Malignancy, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhifeng Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University and Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Key Laboratory of Xiamen for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hematological Malignancy, Xiamen, China
| | - Lingyan Ping
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohua He
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feili Chen
- Lymphoma Division, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Xie
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Department of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Biyun Chen
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Department of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Huilai Zhang
- Department of Lymphoma, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Kaiyang Ding
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Wenyu Li
- Lymphoma Division, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Yang
- Department of Lymphoma, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China.,Department of Lymphoma, Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weili Zhao
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lugui Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Blood Diseases Hospital and Institute of Hematology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiming Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yuqin Song
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China.
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University and Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China. .,Key Laboratory of Xiamen for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hematological Malignancy, Xiamen, China.
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