1
|
Li K, Wang F, Pi Z. Culture and self-construal in the age of globalization: an empirical inquiry based on multiple approaches. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1353898. [PMID: 38566949 PMCID: PMC10985239 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1353898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction There are three main types of culture in human society, namely, individual-oriented, relationship-oriented and social-oriented cultures. In history, there are two main positions on the relationship between culture and self-construal: the cultural determinist position and the interaction position. After analyzing literature critically, we propose that the interaction position is more persuasive than the cultural determinist position. A self-construal model was constructed from an interactionist and polycultural perspective, pointing out the relationship between three cultures and self-construal. We argue that individuals interacting with cultures in the context of globalization can develop a more integrated self-construal. The present study proposes the existence of polycultural self-construal, and aimed to explore how self-construal factors relate to cultures. Methods Three approaches-psychological tests, priming with cultural icons and content analysis-were used to explore mechanisms between cultures (individual-oriented, relationship-oriented, and social-oriented cultures) and self-construal. In Study 1, we recruited 460 undergraduate students as participants through campus advertising to complete three psychological tests, namely, the Cultural Identity Scale (CIS), the Marlowe-Crowne Social Approval Scale (MC-SDS), and the Polycultural Self-construal Scale (PSCS). In Study 2, we created icon materials that could prime the three cultures. The experimental process was divided into two stages: priming and measurement. First, 165 participants were presented with icon materials on the computer screen to activate the corresponding culture, and then they were asked to complete the PSCS. In Study 3, the experimental procedures were followed as for Study 2. Then the Ten Statements Test (TST) was used. Each of the 178 participants gave 10 different responses to the question of "Who am I?." Each participant's "I am …" narratives were qualitatively processed using content analysis. Results The individual-oriented culture mainly affects the individuality and equality factor of self-construal. The relationship-oriented culture mainly impacts the relationality factor of self-construal, while the social-oriented culture mainly affects the collectivity and equality factors of self-construal. There were no significant differences in the effects of the three cultures on the autonomy factor of self-construal. The multi-components of the polycultural self-construal are difficult to interpret based on one culture type. All three cultures have specific and shared effects on human self-construal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kang Li
- School of Education Science, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Fengyan Wang
- Institute of Moral Education, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongling Pi
- Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology (Ministry of Education), Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hamzy A, Chen CC, Hsieh KY. Mental Health and Aggression in Indonesian Women. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:727. [PMID: 37754005 PMCID: PMC10525866 DOI: 10.3390/bs13090727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Aggression is a global problem and complex social behavior. In Indonesia, some common manifestations of aggression are sexual harassment, domestic violence, and the stigmatization of other people. However, unlike men, aggression in women is still rarely studied, whereas facts find that many conditions can make women more vulnerable. There are various aspects related to biological, psychological, social, and cultural issues that can potentially provoke female aggression. Furthermore, mental health and aggression are often viewed as an automatic association and are inseparable in society, reinforcing the stigma against people with mental problems, particularly women, who tend to suffer more stigma of mental health issues than men. However, there has not yet been a study explicitly related to this relationship in the general population of women. The current study aims to examine the overall relationship between mental health and aggression in the extensive general population of Indonesian women with various mental conditions ranging from a normal mental state to severe mental health problems. This was a cross-sectional study conducted using uncontrolled quota sampling via distributing online self-report questionnaires, the modified Indonesian version instruments of the Brief Symptoms Rating Scale-5, and the Buss Aggression Scale with high internal consistency. This study among 203 women aged 19-67 in Indonesia, a multicultural nation and the fourth densest country in the world, proposes that mental health can be a predictor of aggressive behavior, with the influence of mental health on the aggression of women being 21.6% only. The finding indicates that mental health issues are not a macro contributing factor to women's aggressiveness in society and may help reduce stigma against women with mental health problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aryati Hamzy
- Department of International Graduate Program of Education and Human Development, College of Social Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, No. 70 Lianhai Rd., Gushan District, Kaohsiung City 804, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chung Chen
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung City 804, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ying Hsieh
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung City 802, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Therapy, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City 824, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hui PP, Fu JHY, Tong YY. Coolly provocative: a microfoundational framework of interorganizational cultural distance and exploratory innovation. CROSS CULTURAL & STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT 2023. [DOI: 10.1108/ccsm-03-2022-0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PurposeInterorganizational collaboration has been a major source of exploratory innovation. Despite much research, the authors’ understanding about how partner cultural distance is harnessed for exploratory innovation is limited. The authors’ conceptual framework aims to address this gap by explaining the social-psychological processes between perceived partner cultural distance and exploratory innovation.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on research in organizational learning and culture mixing, the authors propose a multilevel model with two parallel processes – cultural brokering and cultural defense. If managers are engaged in the former and are protected from the latter, then the partnership will produce more exploratory innovation. Cultural brokering is encouraged by prompting a learning mindset, while cultural defense is preempted by dampening social categorization across organizational boundaries.FindingsCultural brokering can be encouraged by building operational-level managers' (OLMs') collaborative strength through developing a learning orientation, allowing them delivery for exploration, cultivating mutual trust with partners. Cultural defense can be preempted by protecting OLMs from intergroup anxieties through providing organizational support to the OLMs, bridging social categorization faultlines and setting shared collaborative goals. Whether an alliance can unleash its potential depends on not just how cultural brokering is enabled but also how cultural defense is curtailed.Originality/valueThis paper takes a microfoundational approach and considers micro-level processes in a partnership. Furthermore, the model takes the operational managers' perspective and defines culture at the organizational level. All these differences allow us to provide a nuanced picture of how diverse partnerships can be harnessed for exploratory innovation through a few easily-implementable measures.
Collapse
|
4
|
Tam K. Statement from the new Editor‐in‐Chief. ASIAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ajsp.12467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kim‐Pong Tam
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bao Y, Zhao Y, Xiao Z, Liang F, Wang W, li B. Fusion of “You and Me”: Cultural Mixing Promotes Intergroup Psychological Compatibility. JOURNAL OF CROSS-CULTURAL PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/0022022120924129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Previous research has mainly examined individuals’ attitudes to cultural mixing per se, and rarely examined the attitudes to the outgroup involved in cultural mixing. Exposure to ingroup–outgroup cultural mixing may be an indirect intergroup contact, which can promote individuals’ psychological compatibility toward the corresponding cultural outgroup. We measured Chinese Yi undergraduates’ experience of Yi-Tibetan cultural mixing in Study 1 and found it was significantly correlated with psychological compatibility toward Tibetans. We then used a between-subjects design and experimentally manipulated Yi participants’ exposure to cultural mixing to verify the causal effect of exposure to Yi-Dai cultural mixing on psychological compatibility toward Dai (the Yi and Dai are two of the 55 ethnic minorities in China from different provinces and have their own unique culture; Study 2) and the mediating role of perceived connection (Studies 3 and 4). These findings suggest that exposure to cultural mixing facilitates intergroup psychological compatibility, and this beneficial effect is mediated by perceived connection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Bao
- Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Bo li
- Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li K, Wang F, Wang Z, Shi J, Xiong M. A polycultural theory of wisdom based on Habermas’s worldview. CULTURE & PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1354067x19877915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Building on Habermas’s worldview, this paper attempts to construct a theory of wisdom that integrates the advantages of Eastern and Western cultures. To this end, we review previous definitions of wisdom and their problems and analyze the importance of worldview for wisdom. A worldview provided by the German philosopher Jürgen Habermas is eminently persuasive. We argue that Habermas’s worldview provides a more suitable basis for a polycultural theory of wisdom. The specific components of the wisdom theory are: (1) a relationalist belief in the universal world; (2) transcendental agency in the subjective world; (3) intersubjective communication orientation in the social world; and (4) integrated principles of certainty and uncertainty in the objective world. Inspired by this theory, people could adopt different principles for their subjective, social, and objective worldviews and coordinate them to deal with the problems of human survival, which would also promote the long-term flourishing of human civilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kang Li
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, China
| | - Fengyan Wang
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, China
| | - Zhendong Wang
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, China
| | - Juan Shi
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, China
| | - Mimi Xiong
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yap WJ, Cheon B, Hong YY, Christopoulos GI. Cultural Attachment: From Behavior to Computational Neuroscience. Front Hum Neurosci 2019; 13:209. [PMID: 31281247 PMCID: PMC6596443 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cultural attachment (CA) refers to processes that allow culture and its symbols to provide psychological security when facing threat. Epistemologically, whereas we currently have an adequate predictivist model of CA, it is necessary to prepare for a mechanistic approach that will not only predict, but also explain CA phenomena. Toward that direction, we here first examine the concepts and mechanisms that are the building blocks of both the prototypical maternal attachment as well as CA. Based on existing robust neuroscience models we associate these concepts and mechanisms with bona fide neurobiological functions to advance an integrative neurobiological model of CA. We further discuss the unresolved relationship of CA to other similar socio-cognitive concepts such as familiarity. Overall aim of the paper is to highlight the importance of integrating CA theory to computational approaches to culture and evolution (such as predictive processing computations explaining niche construction), as this will allow a dynamic interpretation of cultural processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jie Yap
- Nanyang Business School, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.,Decision, Environmental and Organizational Neuroscience Lab, Culture Science Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bobby Cheon
- School of Social Sciences (Psychology), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ying-Yi Hong
- Department of Marketing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - George I Christopoulos
- Nanyang Business School, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.,Decision, Environmental and Organizational Neuroscience Lab, Culture Science Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bernardo ABI, Salanga MGC, Tjipto S, Hutapea B, Khan A, Yeung SS. Polyculturalism and Attitudes Toward the Continuing Presence of Former Colonizers in Four Postcolonial Asian Societies. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1335. [PMID: 31231289 PMCID: PMC6567320 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyculturalism is the lay belief that cultures are dynamically interconnected and mutually influencing each other historically and in contemporary times. Belief in polyculturalism is associated with various positive intergroup outcomes in intercultural social contexts, but it has never been studied in relation to intergroup attitudes in postcolonial societies. Two studies with participants from four postcolonial Asian societies (total N = 1,126) explore whether polyculturalism will also be associated with positive attitudes toward the continuing presence of former colonizers. The historical colonial experience may be socially represented positively or negatively in different societies, and in this context, the studies inquire into whether current attitudes toward former colonizers are positively associated with the belief in polyculturalism. In two studies (after controlling for belief in multiculturalism, genetic and social constructivist lay theories of race, and national identity) polyculturalism was positively associated with favorable attitudes toward continuing presence of former colonizers in Hong Kong, Macau, and Jakarta, but not in Johor Bahru, Malaysia and Wonosobo, Indonesia. The positive association with polyculturalism was found only in the three societies with a high degree of intercultural contact, where the core beliefs of polyculturalism may be more meaningful. The results are discussed in terms of how intergroup relations between former colonizers and colonized peoples are forms of between-society intercultural contact that are also influenced by intergroup lay theories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Susana Tjipto
- Faculty of Psychology, Sanata Dharma University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Bonar Hutapea
- Department of Psychology, Universitas Tarumanagara, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Aqeel Khan
- School of Education, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Malaysia
| | - Susanna S. Yeung
- Department of Psychology, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bernardo ABI, Leung A, Ohtsubo Y. Editorial. ASIAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/ajsp.12368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
10
|
Mok A, Chiu CY. Green Tea and Ham: Cultural Mixing Reminders Decrease Considerate Behavior. BASIC AND APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/01973533.2019.1593169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|