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Ueta H, Xu XD, Yu B, Kitazawa Y, Yu E, Hara Y, Morita-Nakagawa M, Zhou S, Sawanobori Y, Ueha S, Rokutan K, Tanaka T, Tokuda N, Matsushima K, Matsuno K. Suppression of liver transplant rejection by anti-donor MHC antibodies via depletion of donor immunogenic dendritic cells. Int Immunol 2020; 33:261-272. [PMID: 33258927 PMCID: PMC8060989 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxaa076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously found two distinct passenger dendritic cell (DC) subsets in the rat liver that played a central role in the liver transplant rejection. In addition, a tolerance-inducing protocol, donor-specific transfusion (DST), triggered systemic polytopical production of depleting alloantibodies to donor class I MHC (MHCI) antigen (DST-antibodies). METHODS We examined the role of DST-antibodies in the trafficking of graft DC subsets and the alloresponses in a rat model. We also examined an anti-donor class II MHC (MHCII) antibody that recognizes donor DCs more selectively. RESULTS Preoperative transfer of DST-antibodies or DST pretreatment eliminated all passenger leukocytes, including both DC subsets and depleted the sessile DCs in the graft to ~20% of control. The CD172a+CD11b/c+ immunogenic subset was almost abolished. The intrahost direct or semi-direct allorecognition pathway was successfully blocked, leading to a significant suppression of the CD8+ T-cell response in the recipient lymphoid organs and the graft with delayed graft rejection. Anti-donor MHCII antibody had similar effects without temporary graft damage. Although DST pretreatment had a priming effect on the proliferative response of recipient regulatory T cells, DST-primed sera and the anti-donor MHCII antibody did not. CONCLUSION DST-antibodies and anti-donor MHCII antibodies could suppress the CD8+ T-cell-mediated liver transplant rejection by depleting donor immunogenic DCs, blocking the direct or semi-direct pathways of allorecognition. Donor MHCII-specific antibodies may be applicable as a selective suppressant of anti-donor immunity for clinical liver transplantation without the cellular damage of donor MHCII- graft cells and recipient cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Ueta
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Xue-Dong Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Dalian Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Department General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yusuke Kitazawa
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Enqiao Yu
- Department General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
| | | | | | - Shu Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dalian Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Yasushi Sawanobori
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ueha
- Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Rokutan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Toshiya Tanaka
- Laboratory for Systems Biology and Medicine, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuko Tokuda
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kouji Matsushima
- Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Matsuno
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
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Kitazawa Y, Ueta H, Sawanobori Y, Katakai T, Yoneyama H, Ueha S, Matsushima K, Tokuda N, Matsuno K. Novel Targeting to XCR1 + Dendritic Cells Using Allogeneic T Cells for Polytopical Antibody Responses in the Lymph Nodes. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1195. [PMID: 31191552 PMCID: PMC6548820 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccination strategy that induce efficient antibody responses polytopically in most lymph nodes (LNs) against infections has not been established yet. Because donor-specific blood transfusion induces anti-donor class I MHC antibody production in splenectomized rats, we examined the mechanism and significance of this response. Among the donor blood components, T cells were the most efficient immunogens, inducing recipient T cell and B cell proliferative responses not only in the spleen, but also in the peripheral and gut LNs. Donor T cells soon migrated to the splenic T cell area and the LNs, with a temporary significant increase in recipient NK cells. XCR1+ resident dendritic cells (DCs), but not XCR1− DCs, selectively phagocytosed donor class I MHC+ fragments after 1 day. After 1.5 days, both DC subsets formed clusters with recipient CD4+ T cells, which proliferated within these clusters. Inhibition of donor T cell migration or depletion of NK cells by pretreatment with pertussis toxin or anti-asialoGM1 antibody, respectively, significantly suppressed DC phagocytosis and subsequent immune responses. Three allogeneic strains with different NK activities had the same response but with different intensity. Donor T cell proliferation was not required, indicating that the graft vs. host reaction is dispensable. Intravenous transfer of antigen-labeled and mitotic inhibitor-treated allogeneic, but not syngeneic, T cells induced a polytopical antibody response to labeled antigens in the LNs of splenectomized rats. These results demonstrate a novel mechanism of alloresponses polytopically in the secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs) induced by allogeneic T cells. Donor T cells behave as self-migratory antigen ferries to be delivered to resident XCR1+ DCs with negligible commitment of migratory DCs. Allogeneic T cells may be clinically applicable as vaccine vectors for polytopical prophylactic antibody production even in asplenic or hyposplenic individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kitazawa
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), School of Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hisashi Ueta
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), School of Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yasushi Sawanobori
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), School of Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Tomoya Katakai
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | | | - Satoshi Ueha
- Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kouji Matsushima
- Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Nobuko Tokuda
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), School of Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Matsuno
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), School of Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
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Ueta H, Kitazawa Y, Sawanobori Y, Ueno T, Ueha S, Matsushima K, Matsuno K. Single blood transfusion induces the production of donor-specific alloantibodies and regulatory T cells mainly in the spleen. Int Immunol 2019; 30:53-67. [PMID: 29361165 PMCID: PMC5892146 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxx078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Donor-specific blood transfusion is known to induce alloresponses and lead to immunosuppression. We examined their underlying mechanisms by employing fully allogeneic rat combinations. Transfused recipients efficiently produced alloantibodies of the IgM and IgG subclasses directed against donor class I MHC. The recipients exhibited active expansion of CD4+ T cells and CD4+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Treg cells), followed by CD45R+ B cells and IgM+ or IgG subclass+ antibody-forming cells mainly in the spleen. From 1.5 days, the resident MHCII+CD103+ dendritic cells (DCs) in the splenic T-cell area, periarterial lymphocyte sheath, formed clusters with recipient BrdU+ or 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine+ cells, from which the proliferative response of CD4+ T cells originated peaking at 3–4 days. Transfusion-induced antibodies had donor passenger cell-depleting activity in vitro and in vivo and could suppress acute GvH disease caused by donor T cells. Furthermore, Treg cells significantly suppressed mixed leukocyte reactions in a donor-specific manner. In conclusion, single blood transfusion efficiently induced a helper T-cell-dependent anti-donor class I MHC antibody-forming cell response with immunoglobulin class switching, and a donor-specific Treg cell response mainly in the spleen, probably by way of the indirect allorecognition via resident DCs. These antibodies and Treg cells may be involved, at least partly, in the donor-specific transfusion-induced suppression of allograft rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Ueta
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kitazawa
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yasushi Sawanobori
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Takamasa Ueno
- Center for AIDS Research.,International Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ueha
- Department of Molecular Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kouji Matsushima
- Department of Molecular Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Matsuno
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
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Uchida T, Ueta H, Xu XD, Hirakawa J, Tahara K, Zhou S, Sawanobori Y, Simmons S, Kitazawa Y, Kawashima H, Matsuno K. Rapid immunosurveillance by recirculating lymphocytes in the rat intestine: critical role of unsulfated sialyl-Lewis X on high endothelial venules of the Peyer's patches. Int Immunol 2018; 30:23-33. [PMID: 29365122 PMCID: PMC5917783 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxx072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Naive lymphocytes systemically recirculate for immunosurveillance inspecting foreign antigens and pathogens in the body. Trafficking behavior such as the migration pathway and transit time within the gastrointestinal tract, however, remains to be elucidated. Rat thoracic duct lymphocytes (TDLs) were transferred to a congeneic host that had undergone mesenteric lymphadenectomy. The migration pathway was investigated using newly developed four-color immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Donor TDLs showed rapid transition in gut tissues from which they emerged in mesenteric lymph around 4 h after intravenous injection. Immunohistochemistry showed that donor TDLs predominantly transmigrated across high endothelial venules (HEVs) at the interfollicular area of the Peyer's patches (PPs), then exited into the LYVE-1+ efferent lymphatics, that were close to the venules. The rapid recirculation depended largely on the local expression of unsulfated sialyl-Lewis X on these venules where putative dendritic cells (DCs) were associated underneath. Recruited naive T cells briefly made contact with resident DCs before exiting to the lymphatics in the steady state. In some transplant settings, however, the T cells retained contact with DCs and were sensitized and differentiated into activated T cells. In conclusion, we directly demonstrated that lymphocyte recirculation within the gut is a very rapid process. The interfollicular area of PPs functions as a strategically central site for rapid immunosurveillance where HEVs, efferent lymphatics and resident DCs converge. PPs can, however, generate alloreactive T cells, leading to exacerbation of graft-versus-host disease or gut allograft rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Uchida
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hisashi Ueta
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Xue-Dong Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Dalian Medical University, 1st Affiliated Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Jotaro Hirakawa
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazunori Tahara
- Division of Surgery, Department of Surgical Specialties, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shu Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, Dalian Medical University, 1st Affiliated Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Yasushi Sawanobori
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Szandor Simmons
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Frontier Biosciences and WPI-Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kitazawa
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hiroto Kawashima
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Matsuno
- Department of Anatomy (Macro), Dokkyo Medical University, School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
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Durigutto P, Sblattero D, Biffi S, De Maso L, Garrovo C, Baj G, Colombo F, Fischetti F, Di Naro AF, Tedesco F, Macor P. Targeted Delivery of Neutralizing Anti-C5 Antibody to Renal Endothelium Prevents Complement-Dependent Tissue Damage. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1093. [PMID: 28932227 PMCID: PMC5592221 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Complement activation is largely implicated in the pathogenesis of several clinical conditions and its therapeutic neutralization has proven effective in preventing tissue and organ damage. A problem that still needs to be solved in the therapeutic control of complement-mediated diseases is how to avoid side effects associated with chronic neutralization of the complement system, in particular, the increased risk of infections. We addressed this issue developing a strategy based on the preferential delivery of a C5 complement inhibitor to the organ involved in the pathologic process. To this end, we generated Ergidina, a neutralizing recombinant anti-C5 human antibody coupled with a cyclic-RGD peptide, with a distinctive homing property for ischemic endothelial cells and effective in controlling tissue damage in a rat model of renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI). As a result of its preferential localization on renal endothelium, the molecule induced complete inhibition of complement activation at tissue level, and local protection from complement-mediated tissue damage without affecting circulating C5. The ex vivo binding of Ergidina to surgically removed kidney exposed to cold ischemia supports its therapeutic use to prevent posttransplant IRI leading to delay of graft function. Moreover, the finding that the ex vivo binding of Ergidina was not restricted to the kidney, but was also seen on ischemic heart, suggests that this RGD-targeted anti-C5 antibody may represent a useful tool to treat organs prior to transplantation. Based on this evidence, we propose preliminary data showing that Ergidina is a novel targeted drug to prevent complement activation on the endothelium of ischemic kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Durigutto
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Biffi
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Luca De Maso
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Chiara Garrovo
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Gabriele Baj
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Federico Colombo
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Fabio Fischetti
- Dipartimento Universitario Clinico di Scienze Mediche, Chirurgiche e della Salute, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | | | | | - Paolo Macor
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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