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Ojo OA, Agboola AO, Ogunro OB, Iyobhebhe M, Elebiyo TC, Rotimi DE, Ayeni JF, Ojo AB, Odugbemi AI, Egieyeh SA, Oluba OM. Beet leaf (beta vulgaris L.) extract attenuates iron-induced testicular toxicity: Experimental and computational approach. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17700. [PMID: 37483802 PMCID: PMC10359825 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of Beta vulgaris leaf extract (BVLE) on Fe2+-induced oxidative testicular damage via experimental and computational models. Oxidative testicular damage was induced via incubation of testicular tissue supernatant with 0.1 mM FeSO4 for 30 min at 37 °C. Treatment was achieved by incubating the testicular tissues with BVLE under the same conditions. The catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitric oxide (NO) levels, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase (Na+/K + ATPase), ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (ENTPDase), glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase), and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (F-1,6-BPase) were all measured in the tissues. We identified the bioactive compounds present using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Molecular docking and dynamic simulations were done on all identified compounds using a computational approach. The induction of testicular damage (p < 0.05) decreased the activities of GSH, SOD, CAT, and ENTPDase. In contrast, induction of testicular damage also resulted in a significant increase in MDA and NO levels and an increase in ATPase, G6Pase, and F-1,6-BPase activities. BVLE treatment (p < 0.05) reduced these levels and activities compared to control levels. An HPLC investigation revealed fifteen compounds in BVLE, with quercetin being the most abundant. The molecular docking and MDS analysis of the present study suggest that schaftoside may be an effective allosteric inhibitor of fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase based on the interacting residues and the subsequent effect on the dynamic loop conformation. These findings indicate that B. vulgaris can protect against Fe2+-induced testicular injury by suppressing oxidative stress, acetylcholinesterase, and purinergic activities while regulating carbohydrate dysmetabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwafemi Adeleke Ojo
- Phytomedicine, Molecular Toxicology, and Computational Biochemistry Research Laboratory (PMTCB-RL), Department of Biochemistry, Bowen University, Iwo, 232101, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Adeshina Isaiah Odugbemi
- Phytomedicine, Molecular Toxicology, and Computational Biochemistry Research Laboratory (PMTCB-RL), Department of Biochemistry, Bowen University, Iwo, 232101, Nigeria
- South African National Bioinformatics Institute, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
- National Institute for Theoretical and Computational Sciences (NITheCS), Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Samuel Ayodele Egieyeh
- National Institute for Theoretical and Computational Sciences (NITheCS), Cape Town, South Africa
- School of Pharmacy, University of Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
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Li X, Duan X, Tan D, Zhang B, Xu A, Qiu N, Chen Z. Iron deficiency and iron overload in men and woman of reproductive age, and pregnant women. Reprod Toxicol 2023; 118:108381. [PMID: 37023911 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2023.108381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Iron is an essential micronutrient for human biology and health, but high iron levels can be dangerous. Both iron deficiency and iron overload have been linked to reproductive health. This review summarizes the effects of iron deficiency and iron overload on men of reproductive age, women of reproductive age, and pregnant women. In addition, appropriate iron levels and the need for iron and nutritional supplements at different stages of life and pregnancy are discussed. In general, men should be aware of the risk of iron overload at any stage of life; women should take appropriate iron supplements before menopause; postmenopausal women should pay attention to the risk of iron overload; and pregnant women should receive reasonable iron supplementation in middle and late pregnancy. By summarizing evidence on the relationship between iron and reproductive health, this review aims to promote the development of strategies to optimize reproductive capacity from the perspective of nutrition. However, additional detailed experimental investigations and clinical studies are needed to assess the underlying causes and mechanisms of the observed associations between iron and reproductive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyun Li
- Maternal and Child Health Development Research Center, Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China
| | - Xuexia Duan
- Physical Examination Center, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China
| | - Dongmei Tan
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China
| | - Anran Xu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China
| | - Ningning Qiu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China.
| | - Zhaowen Chen
- Obstetrics Department, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China.
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Olofinsan KA, Salau VF, Erukainure OL, Islam MS. Senna petersiana (Bolle) leaf extract modulates glycemic homeostasis and improves dysregulated enzyme activities in fructose-fed streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 303:115998. [PMID: 36471537 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Senna petersiana (Bolle) is a native South African medicinal shrub combined locally with other plant products to manage diabetes or used as a single therapy for several other ailing conditions. AIM OF THE STUDY This study evaluated the antidiabetic and antilipidemic effects of S. petersiana leaf ethanol extract and its modulatory effects on dysregulated enzyme activities in fructose-fed streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Six groups of 6-weeks old male Sprague Dawley rats were used in this study. Diabetes was induced in four of the groups by injecting (i.p.) 40 mg/kg of streptozotocin after a two-weeks feeding of 10% fructose via drinking water, while animals in the two normal groups were given similar volume of vehicle buffer and normal drinking water, respectively. After the confirmation of diabetes, treatment with 150 and 300 mg/kg body weight of the ethanolic leaf extract of S. petersiana proceeded for a period of 6 weeks. RESULTS Oral administration of S. petersiana leaf extract significantly lowered blood glucose, food and liquid intake, glycosylhaemoglobin in blood, liver and cardiac biomarkers, and lipid profile in serum and atherogenic index (AIP) in both the low and high-dose treated animal groups. This was accompanied by a simultaneous increase in Homeostatic Model Assessment-beta (HOMA-β) score, serum high-density lipoproteins cholesterol (HDL-c), and insulin levels. It also improved pancreatic and serum-reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, catalase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes activities with a simultaneous reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) concentrations. Moreover, the extract modulated dysregulated α-amylase, lipase, cholinesterase, and 5' nucleotidase enzyme activities in pancreatic tissue as well as glycogen metabolism in the liver. Analysis of the phytochemicals in the S. petersiana extract showed the presence of phytol, 4a,7,7,10a-tetramethyldodecahydrobenzo[f]-chromen-3-ol, phytol acetate, solasodine glucoside, cassine, veratramine and solasodine acetate. Amongst these compounds, solasodine glucoside had the best binding energy (ΔG) with the selected diabetes-linked enzymes via molecular docking simulation. CONCLUSION Data from this study demonstrate the antidiabetic effects of S. petersiana leaf extract via the modulation of the dysregulated indices involved in type 2 diabetes and its associated complications. Although it has been shown safe in animals, further toxicological studies are required to ensure its safety for diabetes management in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kolawole A Olofinsan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Veronica F Salau
- Department of Biochemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Ochuko L Erukainure
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa
| | - Md Shahidul Islam
- Department of Biochemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 4000, South Africa.
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C M MG, Murugan SK, Bethapudi B, Purusothaman D, Mundkinajeddu D, D'Souza P. Ocimum tenuiflorum extract (HOLIXERTM): Possible effects on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in modulating stress. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285012. [PMID: 37141281 PMCID: PMC10159140 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ocimum tenuiflorum is a sacred medicinal plant bestowed with multiple health benefits. This plant is traditionally considered an adaptogen. Many scientific studies have indicated the anti-stress potential of Ocimum tenuiflorum but with higher doses. The present study investigated the effects of HolixerTM (a clinically studied standardized Ocimum tenuiflorum extract) on modulating stress using two in vivo models, namely the swim endurance study in mice and forced swim test in rats. In addition, we explored the mechanism of action of HolixerTM on the HPA axis using two in vitro cell-based assays to check for its inhibitory effect on cortisol release and CRF1 receptor antagonistic activity. Ocimum tenuiflorum extract enhanced the swimming time in mice, reduced the stress-induced increase in immobility time, and prevented the increase in corticosterone in rats subjected to the forced swim test. Further, Ocimum tenuiflorum extract inhibited cortisol release and exhibited a significant CRF1 receptor antagonist activity. Thus, Ocimum tenuiflorum extract was found effective in managing stress, and the effect could be due to the inhibition of cortisol release and the antagonistic effect on the CRF1 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Gowda C M
- Department of Biology, R&D Centre, Natural Remedies Private Limited, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sasi Kumar Murugan
- Department of Biology, R&D Centre, Natural Remedies Private Limited, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Bharathi Bethapudi
- Department of Biology, R&D Centre, Natural Remedies Private Limited, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Divya Purusothaman
- Department of Biology, R&D Centre, Natural Remedies Private Limited, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Deepak Mundkinajeddu
- Department of Biology, R&D Centre, Natural Remedies Private Limited, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Prashanth D'Souza
- Department of Biology, R&D Centre, Natural Remedies Private Limited, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Olawale F, Olofinsan K, Ogunyemi OM, Karigidi KO, Gyebi GA, Ibrahim IM, Iwaloye O. Deciphering the therapeutic role of Kigelia africana fruit in erectile dysfunction through metabolite profiling and molecular modelling. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2023.101190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
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Ojo AB, Gyebi GA, Alabi O, Iyobhebhe M, Kayode AB, Nwonuma CO, Ojo OA. Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M.Perry mitigates iron-mediated oxidative brain injury via in vitro, ex vivo, and in silico approaches. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Ajiboye BO, Oyinloye BE, Ojo OA, Lawal OE, Jokomba YA, Balogun BA, Adeoye AO, Ajuwon OR. Effect of Flavonoid-Rich Extract From Dalbergiella welwitschii Leaf on Redox, Cholinergic, Monoaminergic, and Purinergic Dysfunction in Oxidative Testicular Injury: Ex Vivo and In Silico Studies. Bioinform Biol Insights 2022; 16:11779322221115546. [PMID: 35966809 PMCID: PMC9373118 DOI: 10.1177/11779322221115546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant, cholinergic, monoaminergic, and purinergic activities of flavonoid-rich extract from Dalbergiella welwitschii leaf (FEDW) were investigated on oxidative testicular injury (ex vivo) due to the local report on the use of this plant as anti-testicular injury. Flavonoid extract was obtained from FEDW using a standard procedure. Five male albino rats were used, testes harvested and incubated with FeSO4 for accessing the cholinergic, monoaminergic, and purinergic activities of the FEDW (ex vivo). Testicular tissues incubated with FeSO4 demonstrated a significant decrease in antioxidant biomarkers, arginase, ATPase, ENTPDase, 5'-nucleotidase, and PDE-5 activities, as well as Zn and sialic acid levels with an upsurge in malondialdehyde (MDA), and NO levels, myeloperoxidase, cholinesterases, monoamine oxidase (MAO), and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activities. Treatment of testicular tissues incubated with FeSO4 via different concentrations of FEDW significantly increased the activities of antioxidant, arginase, ATPase, E-NTPDase, 5'-nucleotidase, phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5), as well as Zn and sialic acid levels with a significant decrease in MDA, nitric oxide (NO), myeloperoxidase, cholinesterases, MAO, and ACE levels. Molecular docking revealed the molecular interactions of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) with ellagic acid, piperine, and caffeine with piperine and caffeine obeyed the druggability and pharmacokinetic. These findings point to FEDW as a possible potential for the treatment of oxidative testicular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basiru Olaitan Ajiboye
- Phytomedicine and Molecular Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Oye-Ekiti, Nigeria.,Institute of Drug Research and Development, SE Bogoro Center, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Babatunji Emmanuel Oyinloye
- Institute of Drug Research and Development, SE Bogoro Center, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria.,Phytomedicine, Biochemical Toxicology and Biotechnology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria.,Biotechnology and Structural Biology (BSB) Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, South Africa
| | - Oluwafemi Adeleke Ojo
- Phytomedicine, Molecular Toxicology, and Computational Biochemistry Research Laboratory (PMTCB-RL), Department of Biochemistry, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
| | - Olaolu Ebenezer Lawal
- Phytomedicine and Molecular Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Oye-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Yesirat Abimbola Jokomba
- Phytomedicine and Molecular Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Oye-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Basheer Ajibola Balogun
- Clinical Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Akinwunmi Oluwaseun Adeoye
- Biomembrane, Phytomedicine, and Drug Development Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Oye-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Olawale Rasaq Ajuwon
- Redox Biology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Oye-Ekiti, Nigeria
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Olofinsan KA, Salau VF, Erukainure OL, Islam MS. Harpephyllum caffrum fruit (wild plum) facilitates glucose uptake and modulates metabolic activities linked to neurodegeneration in isolated rat brain: An in vitro and in silico approach. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14177. [PMID: 35396859 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Alteration in brain glucose metabolism due to glucose uptake reduction has been described in the onset of certain neurodegenerative disorders. This study determined Harpephyllum caffrum fruit's potential ability to improve glucose uptake and its modulatory effects on intrinsic antioxidant, glucogenic, cholinergic, and nucleotide-hydrolyzing enzyme activities in isolated rat brain. Consequently, the bioactive compounds of the fruits were identified with LC-MS. The fruit significantly improved brain glucose uptake following coincubation with glucose and brain tissue. The fruit extract also elevated GSH level, SOD, catalase, glycogen phosphorylase, and ENTPDase activities while simultaneously suppressing NO and malonaldehyde levels and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, ATPase, acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activities. LC-MS analysis revealed S-methylcysteine sulfoxide, dihydroquercetin, 3,4-dimethyl-2,5-bis(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl) tetrahydrofuran (MTHF), nobiletin, puerarin, quercetin 3-rutinoside, 8-D-glucosyl-4',5,7-trihydroxyflavone, asperulosidic acid, 1,2,4,6-tetragalloylglucose, and phellamurin. This study suggests the neuroprotective effects of H. caffrum fruit due to its ability to enhance glucose uptake, attenuate glucose-induced oxidative stress while modulating glucogenic, cholinergic, and nucleotide-hydrolyzing enzyme activities in normal brain tissues. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Available scientific evidence describes oxidative stress as one of the physiological processes contributing to aging-associated neurodegeneration in humans. In this regard, commonly consumed natural products from plants have attracted much interest due to their ability to mitigate redox imbalance-related pathologies that affect various organs in the body such as the brain. Harpephyllum caffrum or bush mango is an evergreen plant native to the South African vegetation. The fruit from the plant is consumed locally as food or specifically for improving the nutritional quality of meals as deserts or condiments. While previous findings described the high antioxidant properties of the fruits, this study reported possible mechanisms via which the plant may exhibit ameliorative effects against oxidative stress-related neurological disorders in the brain. Hence, findings from the current work present another justification for the significance of fruits as a safer nutraceutical alternative for therapy in neurological disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kolawole A Olofinsan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, South Africa
| | - Veronica F Salau
- Department of Biochemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, South Africa.,Department of Pharmacology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Ochuko L Erukainure
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Md Shahidul Islam
- Department of Biochemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, South Africa
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