Colonoscopic surveillance: quality, guidelines and effectiveness

DEPDC1B promotes colorectal cancer via facilitating cell proliferation and migration while inhibiting apoptosis

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor with strong invasiveness. Given the reported involvement of DEP domain-containing protein 1B (DEPDC1B) in the progression of some cancers, its role in CRC was explored in this study. DEPDC1B expression in CRC was assessed based on database and tissue microarray (TMA). In addition, the knockdown and overexpression of DEPDC1B in CRC cell lines were constructed using small hairpin RNA (shRNA) interference. The biological function of DEPDC1B in CRC was evaluated in vitro and in vivo through loss/gain-of-function assays. The results demonstrated that DEPDC1B was highly expressed in CRC. Furthermore, DEPDC1B had the ability to promote CRC proliferation and migration coupled by cell apoptosis. In vivo results showed that DEPDC1B knockdown significantly inhibited the growth of xenograft tumors. Additionally, the results of antibody array indicated increased apoptosis-promoting proteins and decreased apoptosis-inhibiting proteins in DEPDC1B-knockdown CRC cells. In conclusion, DEPDC1B played a key driver role in CRC progression, and inhibition of its expression may be a potential target for precision medicine in CRC.

Polyp Detection Rate as a Surrogate for Adenoma and Sessile Serrated Adenoma/Polyp Detection Rates

Introduction

Quality measures for colonoscopy such as adenoma detection rate (ADR) have been proposed to be surveilled for ensuring minimum standards. However, its direct measurement is time consuming and often neglected. Extrapolating ADR and other quality measures from polyp detection rate (PDR) can be a pragmatic alternative.

Objective

To determine quotients for estimating ADR and sessile serrated adenoma/polyp detection rate (SSA/P-DR) from PDR in an Australian cohort.

Methods

Consecutive adult patient colonoscopies during a 1-year period were retrospectively assessed in a single Australian tertiary endoscopy center. Adenoma detection quotient (ADQ) and SSA/P detection quotient (SSA/P-DQ) were defined as the division of ADR and SSA/P-DR by PDR, respectively. The primary outcome was the number of procedures to achieve a stable cumulative ADQ and SSA/P-DQ. Secondary outcomes included evaluation of ADQ and SSA/P-DQ in different subsets.

Results

In total, 2,657 colonoscopies were performed by 15 endoscopists in 2016. The ADR, SSA/P-DR, and PDR found were 32.2, 6.7, and 47.3%, respectively. The ADQ and SSA/P-DQ values found were 0.68 and 0.14, respectively. After approximately 500 procedures, both ADQ and SSA/P-DQ became stable. Interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for the prediction of ADR from ADQ was excellent for all endoscopists that performed >177 procedures in that year (ICC 0.84).

Conclusions

ADQ and SSA/P-DQ values were consistent when over 500 procedures were analyzed. ADQ had an excellent correlation with ADR when >177 procedures per endoscopist were evaluated.

Downregulation of Wnt3 Suppresses Colorectal Cancer Development Through Inhibiting Cell Proliferation and Migration

The aberrant expression of Wnt3 has linked to several types of human malignancies. However, it is not known for its role in tumorigenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Herein, we show that Wnt3 is upregulated in human CRC tissues and is essential for the CRC progression. Knockdown of Wnt3 in human CRC cells delayed tumor formation in nude mouse xenografts through silencing of canonical Wnt pathway and glycolysis. We further found that silencing of Wnt3 enhanced the sensitivity of CRC cells to cisplatin through inducing apoptotic cell death. Taken together, it demonstrates that Wnt3 is a novel clinical biomarker for the detection of CRC and plays an important role in colorectal tumorigenesis. Therefore, downregulation of Wnt3 will be a valuable strategy in CRC treatment.