Epithelial tissue cut‐out following needle insertion into a joint: a potential complication during arthroscopy

Simulation and experimental investigation of the surgical needle deflection model during the rotational and steady insertion process

Needle insertion is executed in numerous medical and brachytherapy events. Exact needle insertion into inhomogeneous soft biological tissue is of useful importance due to its significance in clinical diagnosis (especially percutaneous) and treatments. The surgical needles used in such processes can deflect during the percutaneous process. Needle deflecting which affects needle — soft tissue interface and needle controllability have a crucial role in establishment precision. In this paper, we have analyzed a mechanics-based model both rotational and non-rotational needle insertion, and studied the deflection phenomenon in both insertion cases, we validated it with a real-time nonlinear Dassault Systèmes® ABAQUS simulation model. For definite contact force, the maximum the contact stiffness was, the minimum it inserted, the cohesive surface model was used to investigate the needle insertion analysis, where the fracture point was defined by a failure strain and with the help of the in, the fully failed components would be removed. Using living tissue comparable PVA gel materials, the needle insertion force model is developed from insertion experimentations with the help of two different processes (rotational and non-rotational needle insertion). In a rotational needle, deflection is less than in a non-rotational needle. The preliminary insertion was observed in the rotational needle at 1.261 mm (experiment), and 1.538 mm (simulation), and for non-rotational needle insertion, the initial insertion was noticed at 1.756 mm (experiment) and 1.982 mm (simulation). The main aim of this study is to navigate the surgical needle in an accurate way to reduce the erroneousness for a clinical diagnosis like anesthesia, brachytherapy, biopsy, and modern microsurgery operation.

How microbes read the map: Effects of implant topography on bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation

Microbes have remarkable capabilities to attach to the surface of implanted medical devices and form biofilms that adversely impact device function and increase the risk of multidrug-resistant infections. The physicochemical properties of biomaterials have long been known to play an important role in biofilm formation. More recently, a series of discoveries in the natural world have stimulated great interest in the use of 3D surface topography to engineer antifouling materials that resist bacterial colonization. There is also increasing evidence that some medical device surface topographies, such as those designed for tissue integration, may unintentionally promote microbial attachment. Despite a number of reviews on surface topography and biofilm control, there is a missing link between how bacteria sense and respond to 3D surface topographies and the rational design of antifouling materials. Motivated by this gap, we present a review of how bacteria interact with surface topographies, and what can be learned from current laboratory studies of microbial adhesion and biofilm formation on specific topographic features and medical devices. We also address specific biocompatibility considerations and discuss how to improve the assessment of the anti-biofilm performance of topographic surfaces. We conclude that 3D surface topography, whether intended or unintended, is an important consideration in the rational design of safe medical devices. Future research on next-generation smart antifouling materials could benefit from a greater focus on translation to real-world applications.