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Lotfi Z, Khakbiz M, Davari N, Bonakdar S, Mohammadi J, Shokrgozar MA, Derhambakhsh S. Fabrication and multiscale modeling of polycaprolactone/amniotic membrane electrospun nanofiber scaffolds for wound healing. Artif Organs 2023; 47:1267-1284. [PMID: 36869662 DOI: 10.1111/aor.14518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enhancing the efficiency of cell-based skin tissue engineering (TE) approaches is possible via designing electrospun scaffolds possessing natural materials like amniotic membrane (AM) with wound healing characteristics. Concentrating on this aim, we fabricated innovative polycaprolactone (PCL)/AM scaffolds through the electrospinning process. METHODS The manufactured structures were characterized by employing scanning electron microscope (SEM), attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, tensile testing, Bradford protein assay, etc. In addition, the mechanical properties of scaffolds were simulated by the multiscale modeling method. RESULTS As a result of conducting various tests, it was concluded that the uniformity and distribution of fibers decreased with an increase in the amniotic content. Furthermore, PCL-AM scaffolds contained amniotic and PCL characteristic bands. In the case of protein release, greater content of AM led to the release of higher amounts of collagen. Tensile testing revealed that scaffolds' ultimate strength increased when the AM content augmented. The multiscale modeling demonstrated that the scaffold had elastoplastic behavior. In order to assess cellular attachment, viability, and differentiation, human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) were seeded on the scaffolds. In this regard, SEM and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays showed significant cellular proliferation and viability on the proposed scaffolds, and these analyses illustrated that higher cell survival and adhesion could be achieved when scaffolds possessed a larger amount of AM. After 21 days of cultivation, particular keratinocyte markers, such as keratin I and involucrin, were identified through utilizing immunofluorescence and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests. The markers' expressions were higher in the PCL-AM scaffold with a ratio of 90:10 v v-1 compared with the PCL-epidermal growth factor (EGF) structure. Moreover, the presence of AM in the scaffolds resulted in the keratinogenic differentiation of ASCs even without employing EGF. Consequently, this state-of-the-art experiment suggests that the PCL-AM scaffold can be a promising candidate in skin bioengineering. CONCLUSION This study showed that mixing AM with PCL, a widely used polymer, in different concentrations can overcome PCL disadvantages such as high hydrophobicity and low cellular compatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Lotfi
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Life Science, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Khakbiz
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Life Science, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Niyousha Davari
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Life Science, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahin Bonakdar
- National Cell Bank of Iran, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Mohammadi
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Life Science, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sara Derhambakhsh
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Life Science, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Yazdanpanah A, Madjd Z, Pezeshki-Modaress M, Khosrowpour Z, Farshi P, Eini L, Kiani J, Seifi M, Kundu SC, Ghods R, Gholipourmalekabadi M. Bioengineering of fibroblast-conditioned Polycaprolactone/Gelatin electrospun scaffold for skin tissue engineering. Artif Organs 2022; 46:1040-1054. [PMID: 35006608 DOI: 10.1111/aor.14169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synthetic tissue engineering scaffolds has poor biocompatiblity with very low angiogenic properties. Conditioning the scaffolds with functional groups, coating with biological components, especially extracellular matrix (ECM), is an excellent strategy for improving their biomechanical and biological properties. METHODS In the current study, a composite of polycaprolactone and gelatin (PCL/Gel) was electrospun in the ratio of 70/30 and surface modified with 1% gelatin-coating (G-PCL/Gel) or plasma treatment (P-PCL/Gel). The surface modification was determined by SEM and ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, respectively. The scaffolds were cultured with fibroblast 3T3, then decellularized during freeze-thawing process to fabricate a fibroblast ECM-conditioned PCL/Gel scaffold (FC-PCL/Gel). The swelling and degaradtion as well as in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility and angiogenic properties of the scaffolds were evaluated. RESULTS The structure of the surface-modified G-PCL/Gel and P-PCL/Gel were unique and not changed compared to the PCL/Gel scaffolds. ATR-FTIR analysis admitted the formation of oxygen-containing groups, hydroxyl and carboxyl, on the surface of the P-PCL/Gel scaffold. The SEM micrographs and DAPI staining confirmed the cell attachment and the ECM deposition on the platform and successful removal of the cells after decellularization. P-PCL/Gel showed better cell attachment, ECM secretion and deposition after decellularization compared with G-PCL/Gel. The FC-PCL/Gel was considered as an optimized scaffold for further assays in this study. The FC-PCL/Gel showed increased hydrophilic behavior and cytobiocompatibility compared with P-PCL/Gel. The ECM on the FC-PCL/Gel scaffold showed a gradual degradation during 30 days degradation time, as a small amount of ECM remained over the FC-PCL/Gel scaffold at day 30. The FC-PCL/Gel showed significant biocompatibility and improved angiogenic property compared with P-PCL/Gel when subcutaneously implanted in a mouse animal model for 7 and 28 days. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest FC-PCL/Gel as an excellent biomimetic construct with high angiogenic properties. This bioengineered construct can serve as a possible application in our future pre-clinical and clinical studies for skin regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayna Yazdanpanah
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Madjd
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medicine Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Khosrowpour
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Paniz Farshi
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Eini
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary, Science and Research Branch of Islamic, Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Kiani
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medicine Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Seifi
- Dept of Medical Genetics, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Subhas C Kundu
- 3B's Research Group, Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Roya Ghods
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medicine Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mazaher Gholipourmalekabadi
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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