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Galichanin K, Yu Z. Expression of active caspase 3 in the rat lens after in vivo exposure to subthreshold dose of UVR-B. BMC Ophthalmol 2024; 24:29. [PMID: 38254051 PMCID: PMC10802094 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-024-03315-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSES The aim of this study is to investigate the time evolution of active caspase 3 within first 120 h in the rat lens after in vivo exposure to subthreshold dose of UVR-B. METHODS Twenty three six-week-old female albino Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to subthreshold dose (1 kJ/m2) of UVR-B unilaterally and sacrificed at 24, 41, 70 and 120 h after exposure. Lenses were enucleated and active caspase 3 was detected by Western Blot. The time evolution of active caspase 3 was then plotted as a function of relative mean difference in active caspase 3 between exposed and nonexposed lenses. RESULTS There is expression of active caspase 3 in both exposed and nonexposed lenses but there is no difference in relative mean difference in active caspase 3 between exposed and nonexposed lenses in all four postexposure groups. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to subthreshold dose of UVR-B does not induce apoptosis in the rat lens in vivo within first 120 h though there is a non-significant increase of active caspase 3 at 120 h. Increase in sample size might reduce the variation level in expression of active caspase 3 in the rat lenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Galichanin
- Gullstrand lab, Section of Ophthalmology, Department of Surgical sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SE-751 85, Sweden.
| | - Zhaohua Yu
- Gullstrand lab, Section of Ophthalmology, Department of Surgical sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SE-751 85, Sweden
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2
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Tian X, Wei J. Sestrin 2 protects human lens epithelial cells from oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide by regulating the mTOR/Nrf2 pathway. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2024; 38:3946320241234741. [PMID: 38379215 PMCID: PMC10880533 DOI: 10.1177/03946320241234741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to explore the effect and potential mechanism of Sestrin 2 (SESN2) in human lens epithelial cells (HLECs). METHODS To mimic the oxidative stress environment, SAR01/04 cells were treated with 200 μM hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for 24 h. Cell viability and apoptosis were checked by cell counting kit-8 and flow cytometry. Western blot was taken to check the protein changes of SESN2, B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X (Bax), mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), phosphorylated (p)-mTOR, ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 (p70S6K), p-p70S6K, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected via the corresponding reagent kit. The levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS SESN2 was down-regulated in cataract lens tissue and up-regulated in SAR01/04 cells treated with H2O2. Under treatment of H2O2, up-regulation of SESN2 improved cell viability, enhanced the activity of SOD and CAT, inhibited cell apoptosis, and reduced the levels of MDA, ROS, IL-1β, IL-18, and TNF-α, while down-regulation of SESN2 caused the contrary effects. Further bioinformatics analysis suggested that SESN2 regulated the mTOR signaling pathway. Treatment of H2O2 inhibited p-mTOR and p-p70S6K protein expression, while overexpression of SESN2 increased p-mTOR and p-p70S6K protein expression in the H2O2 group and down-regulation of SESN2 further decreased p-mTOR and p-p70S6K protein expression in the H2O2 group. Additionally, H2O2 increased Nrf2 protein expression, and overexpression of SESN2 further increased Nrf2 protein expression in the H2O2 group. Importantly, rapamycin (an inhibitor of mTOR signaling pathway) and knockdown of Nrf2 reversed the promotive effects of SESN2 on cell viability and the inhibitive effects of SESN2 on cell apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory reaction. CONCLUSION SESN2 protected HLECs damage induced by H2O2, which was related to the activation of mTOR/Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Tian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jinan Aier Eye Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, No. 960 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistic Support Force, Jinan, China
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3
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Guo X, Li C, Wang Y, Jiang C, Yang L. Long non-coding RNA nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 downregulation protects lens epithelial cells from oxidative stress-induced apoptosis by regulating the microRNA-124-3p/death-associated protein kinase 1 axis in age-related cataract. Int Ophthalmol 2023:10.1007/s10792-023-02749-4. [PMID: 37191928 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-023-02749-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a significant role in cataract development. It causes the apoptosis of lens epithelial cells (LECs), resulting in lens opacification and accelerating cataract progression. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs have been linked to cataract development. Notably, lncRNA nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) is involved in LEC apoptosis and cataract formation. However, the molecular mechanism by which NEAT1 causes age-related cataracts remains unknown. In this study, LECs (SRA01/04) were exposed to 200 μM H2O2 to generate an in vitro cataract model. The apoptosis and viability of cells were determined using flow cytometry and 3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assays, respectively. Additionally, western blotting and quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used to determine the miRNA and lncRNA expression levels. When LECs were treated with hydrogen peroxide, lncRNA NEAT1 expression levels were significantly upregulated, which contributed to LEC apoptosis. Notably, lncRNA NEAT1 suppressed the expression of miR-124-3p, a critical regulator of apoptosis, whereas NEAT1 inhibition increased miR-124-3p expression and alleviated apoptosis. However, this effect was reversed when miR1243p expression was inhibited. Additionally, the miR1243p mimic effectively inhibited the death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1) expression and apoptosis of LECs, while the DAPK1 mimic reversed these effects. In conclusion, our findings indicate that the lncRNA NEAT1/miR-124-3p/DAPK1 signaling loop is involved in the regulation of LEC apoptosis induced by oxidative stress, which can be exploited to develop potential treatment strategies for age-related cataracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanni Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xianyang Central Hospital, No.78 Renmin East Road, Xianyang, 712000, China
| | - Chunyan Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xianyang Central Hospital, No.78 Renmin East Road, Xianyang, 712000, China.
| | - Yongbin Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xianyang Central Hospital, No.78 Renmin East Road, Xianyang, 712000, China
| | - Chunhui Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xianyang Central Hospital, No.78 Renmin East Road, Xianyang, 712000, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xianyang Central Hospital, No.78 Renmin East Road, Xianyang, 712000, China
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Ma DY, Liu JX, Wang LD, Zhi XY, Luo L, Zhao JY, Qin Y. GSK-3β-dependent Nrf2 antioxidant response modulates ferroptosis of lens epithelial cells in age-related cataract. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 204:161-176. [PMID: 37156294 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress-induced lens epithelial cells (LECs) death plays a pivotal role in age-related cataract (ARC) with severe visual impairment, in which ferroptosis is gradually receiving numerous attention resulting from lipid peroxide accumulation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction. However, the essential pathogenic factors and the targeted medical strategies still remain skeptical and indistinct. In this work, by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis, the major pathological courses in the LECs of ARC patients have been identified as ferroptosis, which was manifested with remarkable mitochondrial alterations, and similar results were found in aged mice (24-month-old). Furthermore, the primary pathological processes in the NaIO3-induced mice and HLE-B3 cell model have also been verified to be ferroptosis with an irreplaceable function of Nrf2, proved by the increased sensitivity to ferroptosis when Nrf2 was blocked in Nrf2-KO mice and si-Nrf2-treated HLE-B3 cells. Importantly, it has been found that an increased expression of GSK-3β was indicated in low-Nrf2-expressed tissues and cells. Subsequently, the contributions of abnormal GSK-3β expression to NaIO3-induced mice and HLE-B3 cell model were further evaluated, inhibition of GSK-3β utilizing SB216763 significantly alleviated LECs ferroptosis with less iron accumulation and ROS generation, as well as reversed expression alterations of ferroptosis markers, including GPX4, SLC7A11, SLC40A1, FTH1 and TfR1, in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, our findings conclude that targeting GSK-3β/Nrf2 balance might be a promising therapeutic strategy to mitigate LECs ferroptosis and thus probably delay the pathogenesis and development of ARC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Yue Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Eye Hospital of China Medical University, Key Lens Research Laboratory of Liaoning Province, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110005, PR China
| | - Jin-Xia Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Eye Hospital of China Medical University, Key Lens Research Laboratory of Liaoning Province, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110005, PR China
| | - Lu-di Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Eye Hospital of China Medical University, Key Lens Research Laboratory of Liaoning Province, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110005, PR China
| | - Xin-Yu Zhi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Eye Hospital of China Medical University, Key Lens Research Laboratory of Liaoning Province, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110005, PR China
| | - Li Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Eye Hospital of China Medical University, Key Lens Research Laboratory of Liaoning Province, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110005, PR China
| | - Jiang-Yue Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Eye Hospital of China Medical University, Key Lens Research Laboratory of Liaoning Province, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110005, PR China
| | - Yu Qin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Eye Hospital of China Medical University, Key Lens Research Laboratory of Liaoning Province, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110005, PR China.
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Liu J, Zhu M, Xu Y, Zhang M, Sun H, Wang Y, Yang Q, Li J. Autophagy-prominent cell clusters among human lens epithelial cells: integrated single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis. BMC Ophthalmol 2023; 23:168. [PMID: 37081480 PMCID: PMC10116761 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-023-02910-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autophagy is an important process that maintains the quality of intracellular proteins and organelles. There is extensive evidence that autophagy has an important role in the lens. Human lens epithelial cells (HLECs) play a key role in the internal homeostasis of the lens. HLEC subtypes have been identified, but autophagy-prominent cell clusters among HLECs have not been characterized. PURPOSE To explore the existence of autophagy-prominent cell clusters in HLECs. METHODS Three donated lenses (HLECs from two whole lenses and HLECs from one lens without the anterior central 6-mm zone) were used for single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). AUCell and AddModuleScore analysis were used to identify potential autophagy-prominent cell clusters. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to confirm the results. RESULTS High-quality transcripts from 18,120 cells were acquired by scRNA-seq of the two intact lenses. Unsupervised clustering classified the cells into four clusters. AUCell and AddModuleScore analysis revealed cluster 1 is autophagy-prominent. scRNA-seq analysis of HLECs from the lens capsule lacking the central zone confirmed the cluster 1 HLECs was located in the central capsule zone. The TEM result showed that greater autophagy activity was observed in the HLECs in central capsule zone, which further supported the above conclusions based on scRNA-seq analysis that autophagy was prominent in the central zone where the cluster 1 HLECs located. CONCLUSIONS We identified an autophagy-prominent cell cluster among HLECs and revealed that it was localized in the central zone of the lens capsule. Our findings will aid investigations of autophagy in HLECs and provide insights to guide related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiasheng Liu
- Department of Cataract, Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 270# West Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengchao Zhu
- Department of Cataract, Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 270# West Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yitong Xu
- Department of Cataract, Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 270# West Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengdi Zhang
- Department of Cataract, Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 270# West Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haisen Sun
- Department of Cataract, Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 270# West Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yaqi Wang
- Department of Cataract, Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 270# West Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qingwen Yang
- Department of Cataract, Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 270# West Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Cataract, Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 270# West Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
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Autophagy facilitates age-related cell apoptosis-a new insight from senile cataract. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:37. [PMID: 35013122 PMCID: PMC8748728 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04489-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Age-related cell loss underpins many senescence-associated diseases. Apoptosis of lens epithelial cells (LECs) is the important cellular basis of senile cataract resulted from prolonged exposure to oxidative stress, although the specific mechanisms remain elusive. Our data indicated the concomitance of high autophagy activity, low SQSTM1/p62 protein level and apoptosis in the same LEC from senile cataract patients. Meanwhile, in primary cultured LECs model, more durable autophagy activation and more obvious p62 degradation under oxidative stress were observed in LECs from elder healthy donors, compared with that from young healthy donors. Using autophagy-deficiency HLE-B3 cell line, autophagy adaptor p62 was identified as the critical scaffold protein sustaining the pro-survival signaling PKCι-IKK-NF-κB cascades, which antagonized the pro-apoptotic signaling. Moreover, the pharmacological inhibitor of autophagy, 3-MA, significantly inhibited p62 degradation and rescued oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in elder LECs. Collectively, this study demonstrated that durable activation of autophagy promoted age-related cell death in LECs. Our work contributes to better understanding the pathogenesis of senescence-associated diseases.
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7
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Wang Y, Zhang G, Li P, Kang L, Qin B, Cao Y, Luo J, Chen X, Qin M, Guan H. Profiling and Integrated Analysis of the ERCC6-regulated circRNA-miRNA-mRNA Network in Lens Epithelial Cells. Curr Eye Res 2021; 46:1341-1352. [PMID: 33632032 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2021.1896742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To explore the regulatory role of ERCC6 in the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network using a cellular ERCC6 overexpression model (OE-ERCC6) in lens epithelial cells.Methods: The expression profiles of circRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs were determined by RNA-seq, and a regulatory circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network was constructed via bioinformatics. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were used for the functional annotation of circRNA host genes, differentially expressed (DE) genes, and miRNA targets.Results: The DE molecules between the OE-ERCC6 and control groups included 269 circRNAs, 241 miRNAs and 3500 mRNAs. We validated 5 selected DE reads of circRNAs (hsa_circ_0001009, hsa_circ_0002024, hsa_circ_0004592, hsa_circ_0001900 and hsa_circ_0001017). Subsequent bioinformatics analysis revealed that the DE circRNAs are mainly involved in oxidative stress- and cell death-related signaling pathways. Finally, a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network focusing on DNA damage and cell death, which involved 5 circRNAs, 13 miRNAs and 107 mRNAs, was constructed.Conclusion: We constructed a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network that is regulated by ERCC6. DE circRNAs have the potential to become therapeutic targets related to the lens lesions observed in ARC. The establishment of related in vivo and in vitro models could be a future direction to confirm these hypotheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guowei Zhang
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lihua Kang
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bai Qin
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiawei Luo
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaojuan Chen
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Miaomiao Qin
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huaijin Guan
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
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Zhou T, Yang M, Zhang G, Kang L, Yang L, Guan H. Long non-coding RNA nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 protects human lens epithelial cells against H 2O 2 stimuli through the nuclear factor kappa b/p65 and p38/mitogen-activated protein kinase axis. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1653. [PMID: 33490165 PMCID: PMC7812193 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-7365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) plays a regulatory role in many biological processes; however, its role in cataracts has yet to be illuminated. This study aimed to investigate the protective role of NEAT1 in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-treated human lens epithelial cells (HLECs) and its underlying molecular mechanism. Methods HLECs (SRA01/04) were treated with 300 µM H2O2 to mimic cataract in vitro. Cell viability was detected by performing an MTT assay and EdU staining. Flow cytometry was carried out to detect apoptosis of HLECs. DNA damage was examined using γ-H2A histone family member X staining. and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was measured using 2’,7’dichlorofluorescin diacetate staining. The expression levels of lncRNA and proteins were detected with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot, respectively. Results The expression of NEAT1 was observed to be increased in H2O2-treated HLECs and age-related cataract (ARC) tissues. Knockdown NEAT1 strongly protected against H2O2-induced cell death and also regulated the expression of cleaved caspase-3, B-cell lymphoma 2, and Bcl-2-associated X protein. Further, knockdown NEAT1 also significantly suppressed H2O2-induced intracellular ROS production and malondialdehyde (MDA) content, but elevated the glutathione (GSH) activity of H2O2-treated cells. Also, it is demonstrated that si-NEAT1 greatly inhibited H2O2-induced phosphorylation of NF-кB p65 and p38 MAPK. Conclusions This study confirmed that knockdown NEAT1 attenuated H2O2-induced damage in HLECs, and inhibited the oxidative stress and apoptosis of HLECs via regulating nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 and p38 MAPK signaling. It may provide a potential target for clinical treatment of cataracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqiu Zhou
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Guowei Zhang
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lihua Kang
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Huaijin Guan
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Cui YL, Yu XN, Zhang X, Tang YL, Tang XJ, Yang H, Ping XY, Wu J, Yin QC, Zhou JY, Xu XY, Shentu XC. Association of IGF1R polymorphisms (rs1546713) with susceptibility to age-related cataract in a Han Chinese population. Int J Ophthalmol 2020; 13:374-381. [PMID: 32309172 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2020.03.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore the susceptible association between the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and age-related cataract (ARC), and investigate the underlying mechanisms in human lens epithelium (HLE) cells. METHODS Totally 1190 unrelated participants, comprising 690 ARC patients and 500 healthy individuals in Han Chinese population were recruited and genotyped for target SNP. The χ 2-test was used to detect genotypic distribution between the patient and control groups and the logistic regression was performed to adjust the age and gender. Meanwhile, different biological experimental methods, such as cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) assay, flow cytometry, quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) and Western blot, were used to detect cell viability, cell cycle progression and apoptosis in HLE cells or IGF1R knockdown HLE cells. RESULTS The rs1546713 in IGF1R gene was identified (P=0.046, OR: 1.606, 95%CI: 1.245-2.071), which shown a significant relevance with ARC risk under the dominant model. The results demonstrated that IGF1R knockdown inhibited cell proliferation by inducing cell cycle arrested at S phase and promoting apoptosis. Mechanistically, the cell cycle blocked at S phase was linked with the alterations of cyclin A, cyclin B, cyclin E and P21. The pro-apoptosis function of IGF1R may related with stimulating the activation of Caspase-3 and altering the expression levels of apoptotic proteins, including Bcl-2, Bax and Caspase-3. CONCLUSION This study first report that IGF1R polymorphisms may affect susceptibility to ARCs in Han Chinese population and provide new clues to understand the pathogenic mechanism of ARCs. Notably, IGF1R is likely a potential target for ARC prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Lei Cui
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiao-Ning Yu
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ye-Lei Tang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xia-Jing Tang
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xi-Yuan Ping
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qi-Chuan Yin
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jia-Yue Zhou
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xia-Yan Xu
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xing-Chao Shentu
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
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Hua H, Yang T, Huang L, Chen R, Li M, Zou Z, Wang N, Yang D, Liu Y. Protective Effects of Lanosterol Synthase Up-Regulation in UV-B-Induced Oxidative Stress. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:947. [PMID: 31555133 PMCID: PMC6726740 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
UV-B radiation may be an important risk factor in cataract etiology. After exposure to UV-B radiation, cells show imbalances in the repair of DNA damage, which induce changes in the levels of certain proteins, including alpha-crystallin, which is the most abundant protein in the lens and crucial for the maintenance of lens transparency. Lanosterol synthase (LSS), an essential rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis, might play significant roles in oxidative stress and in the maintenance of lens transparency. However, the roles of LSS in UV-B-induced apoptosis are not well understood. Therefore, we irradiated female Sprague-Dawley rats with ultraviolet radiation to establish an animal model for exploring the variations in LSS expression during the early stages of UV-B exposure. In addition, we cultured human lens epithelial (HLE) cells that overexpress LSS and exposed them to UV-B radiation to explore the function of increased LSS expression in UV-B-induced apoptosis. The data demonstrated that UV-B exposure induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in rat lens epithelial cells and that irradiance exposure increased the level of lenticular damage. Additionally, UV-B exposure decreased the alpha-crystallin content and increased the expressions of Bax and cleaved caspase-3 compared with the control levels. After exposure to UV-B, the apoptosis-related index of HLE cells overexpressing LSS was lower than that of the control cells. Furthermore, ROS overproduction might activate the sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) pathway, which induced protein expressions of sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 2 (SREBF2), 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR), and LSS. However, the specific mechanism of the Sirt1 pathway needed to be further studied. In summary, UV-B exposure induced oxidative injury and resulted in crystallin denaturation and apoptosis in lens epithelial cells, and LSS might play a protective role during the early stages of this process and could be an important target in the cataract prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Hua
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tianyao Yang
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Liting Huang
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Rentong Chen
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Menglin Li
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zou
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Nan Wang
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dan Yang
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Gross J, Willimsky E, Wegener AR, Kronschläger M, Schönfeld CL, Holz FG, Meyer LM. Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure of One Eye Stimulates Sympathizing Expression of Neurokinin-1 Receptor but Not Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 in the Partner Eye. Ophthalmic Res 2019; 63:59-71. [PMID: 31408874 DOI: 10.1159/000501320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the influence of unilateral ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure on the unexposed, partner eye in vivo. To characterize the immunological cross-talk between the eyes and verify a sympathizing reaction of the partner eye via a neurokinin-dependent signaling pathway of substance P and its neurokinin-1 receptor (NKR-1) and/or monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). METHODS C57BL/6 mice were unilaterally exposed in vivo to UVR-B to a 5-fold cataract threshold equivalent dose of 14.5 kJ/m2 with a UV irradiation Bio-Spectra system. The unexposed contralateral eye was completely shielded during irradiation. After 3 and 7 days post exposure, eyes were stained with fluorescence-coupled antibody for substance P NKR-1. The same was performed in control animals receiving only anesthesia but no UVR-B exposure. NKR-1 and MCP-1 levels in ocular tissue lysates were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS UVR-B induces NKR-1 upregulation after 3 and 7 days in the exposed and in the unexposed, contralateral mouse eye. NKR-1 protein level was upregulated in the exposed and contralateral iris/ciliary body complex, choroidea and in the contralateral retina as well as in the exposed cornea. MCP-1 levels were elevated in the exposed cornea, iris/ciliary body complex, and aqueous humor but not in contralateral ocular tissues. CONCLUSIONS UVR-B exposure triggers NKR-1 upregulation not only in the exposed but also in the unexposed, partner eye in various ocular tissues. Following UVR-B exposure, MCP-1 protein levels are upregulated in the exposed eye, but the contralateral side remains unaffected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine Gross
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany,
| | - Eva Willimsky
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | | | - Carl-Ludwig Schönfeld
- Herzog Carl Theodor Eye Clinic, Munich, Germany.,Department of Ophthalomology, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Frank G Holz
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Linda M Meyer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Herzog Carl Theodor Eye Clinic, Munich, Germany
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Modenese A, Gobba F. Cataract frequency and subtypes involved in workers assessed for their solar radiation exposure: a systematic review. Acta Ophthalmol 2018; 96:779-788. [PMID: 29682903 PMCID: PMC6586024 DOI: 10.1111/aos.13734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Cataract is currently the primary cause of blindness worldwide, and one of its main risk factors is solar ultraviolet radiation exposure. According to the localization of lens opacities, three main subtypes of cataract are recognized: nuclear, cortical and posterior subcapsular cataract. One of the main determinants of individual long-term solar radiation exposure is outdoor work. We systematically reviewed scientific literature from the last 20 years to update the recent development of research on the risk of cataract in outdoor workers and on the specific subtypes involved, also investigating the methods applied to evaluate the occupational risk. A total of 15 studies were included in the review, of which 12 showed a positive association. The studies confirm the relationship of long-term occupational solar radiation exposure with cortical cataract and give new support for nuclear cataract, although no substantial new data were available to support a relation with the posterior subcapsular subtype. In most of the studies, the exposure assessment was not adequate to support a representative evaluation of the ocular risk; however, outdoor work is clearly a relevant risk factor for cataract. Further research providing a better evaluation of the relation between solar radiation exposure levels and lens damage in workers is needed and aimed to establish adequate occupational exposure limits and better preventive measures, studying also their effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Modenese
- Chair of Occupational Medicine; Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences; University of Modena & Reggio Emilia; Modena Italy
| | - Fabriziomaria Gobba
- Chair of Occupational Medicine; Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences; University of Modena & Reggio Emilia; Modena Italy
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