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Ji MH, Rickels KL, Yao T, Elhusseiny AM, Georgiou M, Shakarchi AF, Uwaydat SB, Dare RK, Sallam AB. Fractal Changes of the Retinal Microvasculature in Syphilitic Uveitis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2024:1-6. [PMID: 38324651 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2024.2309280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To quantify chorioretinal microvascular damage and recovery post-treatment in patients with acute syphilitic posterior placoid chorioretinitis (ASPPC) using fractal dimension (FD). METHODS Retrospective cohort study of patients with serologically confirmed syphilitic uveitis. We obtained optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) scans at baseline and follow-up after intravenous penicillin treatment and computed FD of the superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP), and choriocapillaris (CC) using ImageJ. RESULTS We enrolled seven patients with ASPPC (11 eyes), and 17 control subjects (34 eyes). Pre-treatment averages of FD-SCP, FD-DCP, and FD-CC were: 1.672 (±0.115), 1.638 (±0.097), and 1.72 (±0.137); post-treatment: 1.760 (±0.071), 1.764 (±0.043), and 1.898 (±0.047). After treatment FD-CC increased in all 11 eyes with an average of 0.163 (p = 0.003); FD-DCP increased in 10 (91%) eyes with an average of 0.126 (p = 0.003); and FD-SCP increased in seven (64%) eyes with an average of 0.089 (p = 0.059). Compared to the post-treatment FD values in the syphilitic group, controls had similar FD-SCP (p = 0.266), FD-DCP (p = 0.078), and FD-CC (p = 0.449). CONCLUSIONS CC and DCP are mostly affected in ASPPC with minimal changes in the SCP. All vascular layers FD recovered after completing antibiotic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco H Ji
- Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Kaersti L Rickels
- Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Tianyuan Yao
- Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Scheie Eye Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Michalis Georgiou
- Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ahmed F Shakarchi
- Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Sami B Uwaydat
- Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Ryan K Dare
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Ahmed B Sallam
- Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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