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Gottschalk A, Coggins S, Dhudasia MB, Flannery DD, Healy T, Puopolo KM, Gerber J, Mukhopadhyay S. Utility of Anaerobic Blood Cultures in Neonatal Sepsis Evaluation. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 2024; 13:406-412. [PMID: 38822536 DOI: 10.1093/jpids/piae056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinicians variably obtain anaerobic blood cultures as part of sepsis evaluations in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Our objective was to determine if anaerobic blood culture bottles yielded clinically relevant information by either recovering pathogens exclusively or more rapidly than the concurrently obtained aerobic culture bottle in the NICU. METHODS A retrospective cohort study of blood cultures obtained from infants admitted to the NICU from August 01, 2015 to August 31, 2023. Standard practice was to inoculate 2 mL of blood divided equally between an aerobic and an anaerobic culture bottle. We analyzed positive blood cultures where both aerobic and anaerobic bottles were obtained and compared pathogen recovery and time to positivity between the bottles. RESULTS During the study period, 4599 blood cultures were obtained from 3665 infants, and 265 (5.8%) were positive. Of these, 182 cultures were sent as aerobic-anaerobic pairs and recovered pathogenic organisms. Organisms were recovered exclusively from the anaerobic bottle in 32 (17.6%) cultures. Three organisms were obligate anaerobes; the rest were facultative anaerobes including Coagulase-negative staphylococci (40.6%), Escherichia coli (15.6%), and Staphylococcus aureus (15.6%). Cultures with exclusive recovery in the anaerobic bottle were more frequently obtained ≤3 days after birth, compared to other cultures (31.3% vs 15.3%, P = .03). When both bottles recovered the pathogen (n = 113), the anaerobic bottle had a shorter time to positivity in 76 (67.3%) cultures. CONCLUSIONS Including anaerobic culture bottles could lead to the identification of pathogens not recovered in the aerobic bottle, as well as earlier identification of pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Gottschalk
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sarah Coggins
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Clinical Futures, A Center of Emphasis Within the CHOP Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Miren B Dhudasia
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Clinical Futures, A Center of Emphasis Within the CHOP Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dustin D Flannery
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Clinical Futures, A Center of Emphasis Within the CHOP Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Tracy Healy
- Pennsylvania Hospital, Philadelphia, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Karen M Puopolo
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Clinical Futures, A Center of Emphasis Within the CHOP Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jeffrey Gerber
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Clinical Futures, A Center of Emphasis Within the CHOP Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sagori Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Clinical Futures, A Center of Emphasis Within the CHOP Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Sancak B, Cenk Mirza H, Altun B, Tunçkanat F. Identification and distribution of anaerobic bacteria isolated from clinical specimens in a University Hospital: 4 years’ experience. MICROBIOLOGY INDEPENDENT RESEARCH JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.18527/2500-2236-2022-9-1-75-81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaerobes, which are components of microbiota, can cause life-threatening infections. Because of their fastidious nature, they are difficult to isolate and are often overlooked. The goal of this study was to identify the anaerobic bacteria isolated from clinical specimens at the Central Laboratory of Hacettepe University Hospital in 2015-2018 and to evaluate the distribution of the isolated bacterial species among the different specimen types. The anaerobic bacteria isolated from the specimens were identified by the conventional methods and MALDI-TOF MS.Overall, 15,300 anaerobic cultures were studied. Of these, 14,434 (94.3%) were blood samples and 866 (5.7%) were other clinical specimens. A total of 138 anaerobic bacteria were isolated: 62 (44.9%) were isolated from blood samples and 76 (55.1%) from other specimens. The most isolated anaerobes from blood cultures were Bacteroides spp. (41.9%), followed by Cutibacterium acnes (25.8%) and Clostridium spp. (9.7%). The most isolated anaerobes from the other specimens were Gram-negative bacilli, including Bacteroides spp. (15.8%), Fusobacterium spp. (14.5%), Prevotella spp. (14.5%), and Porphyromonas spp. (2.6%). Anaerobic Finegoldia magna represented the major species among the isolated Gram-positive bacteria (10.5%). Anaerobic growth was observed in 0.4% of all the blood cultures and in 5.8% of the positive blood cultures. The results of our study showed that the incidence of anaerobic bacteremia was stable during the 2015-2018 period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph B Cantey
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health, San Antonio.,Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Health, San Antonio.,Division of Neonatology, University of Texas Health, San Antonio
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