1
|
Pezzotti E, Provenzi L, Naboni C, Capelli E, Ghirardello S, Borgatti R, Orcesi S. Masked or not, I smile to you: Exploring full-term and preterm infants' social smiles to adults wearing a protective facemask. Infant Behav Dev 2024; 75:101947. [PMID: 38593528 DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2024.101947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
The early emergence of social smiles is an important milestone of infants' socio-emotional development. Our aim was to assess how the use of protective facemasks by adults affects the display of social smiles in preterm (PT) and full-term (FT) infants at 3 months (corrected age for prematurity). We enrolled 30 FT and 30 PT infants (gestational age ≤ 32 weeks). Infants' social smiles displays were assessed at 2-3-month-age (corrected) across a three-episode (masked mother; unmasked mother; masked adult female stranger) videotaped interactive task. During each episode, the adult was instructed to maintain specific facial expressions (happy-smiling, sad-frowning, neutral-unresponsive) for 15 second windows and then instructed to interact spontaneously for 45 s (of which the first 15 s were coded). FT and PT infants did not differ in the display of social smiles. In both groups, social smiles were mostly exhibited in response to happy/smiling and spontaneously interacting partners. Overall, no effect of wearing a protective facemask emerged. The use of protective facemasks did not result in a lower display of social smiles. The findings suggest that FT and PT might be equally sensitive to their adult interactive partners in terms of social smiles displays at 2-3-month-age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Pezzotti
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Livio Provenzi
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Developmental Psychobiology Lab, Department of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Cecilia Naboni
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Early Neurodevelopment and Parenting Support, Department of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elena Capelli
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Stefano Ghirardello
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Renato Borgatti
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Simona Orcesi
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Early Neurodevelopment and Parenting Support, Department of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zores C, Rabatel É, Mellado S, Poirot S, Kuhn P. [Towards an ideal environment in neonatology]. SOINS. PEDIATRIE, PUERICULTURE 2024; 45:14-18. [PMID: 38365389 DOI: 10.1016/j.spp.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
The establishment of sensory systems occurs gradually along a transnatal continuum. During premature birth, hospitalization in neonatology, through its atypical sensory stimulations, can disrupt the development of the baby's still immature brain. To promote harmonious development in children, caregivers and parents must learn to take into account their sensory expectations in order to create the most suitable environment possible for their development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claire Zores
- Service de médecine et de réanimation du nouveau-né, Hôpital de Hautepierre, 1 avenue Molière, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Élodie Rabatel
- Service de médecine et de réanimation du nouveau-né, Hôpital de Hautepierre, 1 avenue Molière, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Solange Mellado
- Service de médecine et de réanimation du nouveau-né, Hôpital de Hautepierre, 1 avenue Molière, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Stéphanie Poirot
- Service de médecine et de réanimation du nouveau-né, Hôpital de Hautepierre, 1 avenue Molière, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Pierre Kuhn
- Service de médecine et de réanimation du nouveau-né, Hôpital de Hautepierre, 1 avenue Molière, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zores Koenig C, Kuhn P. Neonatal imitation, activation of the mirror neuron system and neurodevelopmental outcome of preterm infants. Acta Paediatr 2022; 111:1829-1830. [PMID: 35538793 DOI: 10.1111/apa.16400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claire Zores Koenig
- CHU Strasbourg, Médecine et Réanimation du nouveau‐né, Service de Pédiatrie 2 Pôle médico chirurgical Pédiatrique de Hautepierre Strasbourg France
- INCI CNRS/université de Strasbourg Strasbourg France
| | - Pierre Kuhn
- CHU Strasbourg, Médecine et Réanimation du nouveau‐né, Service de Pédiatrie 2 Pôle médico chirurgical Pédiatrique de Hautepierre Strasbourg France
- INCI CNRS/université de Strasbourg Strasbourg France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Simsir ME, Engur D. Neonatal imitation as a potential prognostic tool in high-risk infants. Acta Paediatr 2022; 111:1827-1828. [PMID: 35531611 DOI: 10.1111/apa.16398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Defne Engur
- University of Health Sciences, Pediatrics Department, Izmir, Turkey
- International Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Boissel L, Pinchaux E, Guilé M, Corde P, Crovetto C, Diouf M, Mariana C, Meynier J, Picard C, Scoury D, Cohen D, Benarous X, Viaux-Savelon S, Guilé JM. Development and reliability of the coding system evaluating maternal sensitivity to social interactions with 34- to 36-week postmenstrual age preterm infants. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:938482. [PMID: 36276306 PMCID: PMC9579434 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.938482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Maternal sensitivity (MS), the ability to perceive and synchronously respond to the social signals (SSs), is affected by prematurity. The development of early supportive psychotherapy to foster MS, before discharge of the infant from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is a major challenge in the prevention of subsequent developmental and mental disorders in the child. There are currently no reliable methods for evaluating MS to social interactions with very to moderate preterm infants. We investigated the reliability of a newly developed procedure for assessing MS in interactions between the mother and her 34- to 36-week postmenstrual age (PMA) preterm infant: the Preterm Infant Coding System for Maternal Sensitivity (PRICOSMAS). METHOD This study encompassed three steps: testing of the capacity to videorecord SSs in very to moderate preterm infants, selection, by an expert committee, of the recordable and relevant SSs, and investigation of the internal consistency and interrater reliability. The synchronicity between infant and mother's SSs was determined on a 1 s period basis, using ELAN software. Preterm infants born after 25-weeks gestational age (GA) were included while being between 34- and 36-weeks PMA. A perinatal risk inventory score > 10 for the infant precluded from inclusion. Interrater reliabilities were assessed independently by two raters blind to the clinical situation of the mother and infant. RESULTS The resulting PRICOSMAS encompassed two four-item SS sections, one covering the preterm infant's SSs and the other, the mother's SSs. Reliability was assessed on a sample of 26 videorecorded observations for 13 mother-preterm infant dyads. Infants' mean age at birth was 30.4 ± 3.1-weeks GA (range: 26.4-35) and PMA at the time of the test was 34.7-weeks (±0.8). Internal consistency ranged from 0.81 to 0.89. Interrater reliability ranged from substantial to almost perfect (0.73-0.88). CONCLUSION This study shows that the infants' SSs and MS can be reliably scored in preterm infants as young as 34- to 36-weeks PMA. Our findings suggest that the PRICOSMAS is sufficiently reliable for use, including in NICU, by healthcare professionals or researchers for coding early parent-infant interactions with 34- to 36-week PMA preterm infants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laure Boissel
- Department of Psychiatry, Université Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Emeric Pinchaux
- Department of Psychiatry, Université Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France.,Department of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marine Guilé
- Department of Psychiatry, Université Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France.,Department of Medicine, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Pascal Corde
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Services, University Hospital Centre (CHU), Amiens, France
| | - Cécile Crovetto
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Services, University Hospital Centre (CHU), Amiens, France
| | - Momar Diouf
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Services, University Hospital Centre (CHU), Amiens, France
| | - Charlotte Mariana
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Services, University Hospital Centre (CHU), Amiens, France
| | - Jonathan Meynier
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Services, University Hospital Centre (CHU), Amiens, France
| | - Carl Picard
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Services, University Hospital Centre (CHU), Amiens, France
| | - Daphné Scoury
- Department of Psychiatry, Université Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - David Cohen
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Services, APHP-GHPS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Benarous
- Department of Psychiatry, Université Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France.,Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Services, University Hospital Centre (CHU), Amiens, France
| | - Sylvie Viaux-Savelon
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Services, Hospices civils de Lyon, Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Marc Guilé
- Department of Psychiatry, Université Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France.,Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Services, University Hospital Centre (CHU), Amiens, France.,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|