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Mizrak I, Lund MAV, Landgrebe AV, Asserhøj LL, Holstein-Rathlou NH, Greisen G, Clausen TD, Main KM, Vejlstrup NG, Jensen RB, Pinborg A, Madsen PL. Cardiovascular autonomic nervous function in children conceived by assisted reproductive technology with frozen or fresh embryo transfer. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2024; 326:H216-H222. [PMID: 37999646 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00680.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
As a result of epigenetic changes, children conceived by assisted reproduction may be at risk of premature cardiovascular aging with notably increased blood pressures. Their cardiovascular autonomic nervous function is unknown. Therefore, this study investigated the cardiovascular autonomic nervous function in 8-12-yr-old children (51% girls) conceived naturally (n = 33) or by assisted reproduction with frozen (n = 34) or fresh (n = 38) embryo transfer by evaluating heart rate variability, during rest; from provocation maneuvers; and from baroreflex function. Heart rate and blood pressure response to provocation maneuvers and baroreflex function were comparable between children conceived naturally or by assisted reproduction. The mean RR-interval and high-frequency component of heart rate variability were lower in children conceived by assisted reproduction than in children conceived naturally. Children conceived by fresh embryo transfer had ∼17% lower heart rate-corrected standard deviation of normal-to-normal R-R intervals; ∼22% lower heart rate-corrected square root of the mean of the squared difference between successive R-R intervals; and ∼37% higher low-frequency/high-frequency ratio than naturally conceived children. Children conceived by assisted reproduction still had lower heart rate variability and vagal modulation than naturally conceived children after adjustment for confounders. Thus, these results raise the possibility of sympathetic predominance in children conceived by assisted reproduction. Therefore, it is important to reproduce these results in larger and older cohorts as sympathetic predominance relates with cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We observed that children conceived by assisted reproductive technology (both frozen and fresh embryo transfer) had lowered heart rate variability during rest as compared with children conceived naturally. During physiological stress maneuvers, however, the cardiovascular autonomic nervous regulation was comparable between children conceived by assisted reproductive technologies and naturally. Our findings highlight the potential that lowered heart rate variability during rest in children conceived by assisted reproductive technologies may precede premature hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikram Mizrak
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Fertility Department, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten A V Lund
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ann V Landgrebe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Louise L Asserhøj
- Fertility Department, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Growth and Reproduction and EDMaRC, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels-Henrik Holstein-Rathlou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gorm Greisen
- Department of Neonatology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tine D Clausen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, North Zealand Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Katharina M Main
- Department of Growth and Reproduction and EDMaRC, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels G Vejlstrup
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rikke B Jensen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction and EDMaRC, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anja Pinborg
- Fertility Department, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Per L Madsen
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Jensen LJ, Lund MA, Salomonsson M, Goetze JP, Jonassen TE, Holstein-Rathlou NH, Axelsen LN, Sørensen CM. Diet-induced hypertension in rats is associated with increased renal vasoconstrictor response to angiotensin II after imitated endothelial dysfunction. Microvasc Res 2022; 141:104333. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2022.104333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Yamasaki F, Sato T, Sato K, Diedrich A. Analytic and Integrative Framework for Understanding Human Sympathetic Arterial Baroreflex Function: Equilibrium Diagram of Arterial Pressure and Plasma Norepinephrine Level. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:707345. [PMID: 34335177 PMCID: PMC8322947 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.707345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The sympathetic arterial baroreflex is a closed-loop feedback system for stabilizing arterial pressure (AP). Identification of unique functions of the closed system in humans is a challenge. Here we propose an analytic and integrative framework for identifying a static operating point and open-loop gain to characterize sympathetic arterial baroreflex in humans. Methods and Results An equilibrium diagram with two crossing functions of mechanoneural (MN) and neuromechanical (NM) arcs was analyzed during graded tilt maneuvers in seven healthy subjects. AP and plasma norepinephrine level (PNE), as a surrogate for sympathetic nerve activity, and were recorded after vagal modulation of heart function was blocked by atropine. The MN-arc curve was described as a locus of operating points during –7, 0, 15, and 60° head-up tilting (HUT) on a PNE-AP plane. The NM-arc curve was drawn as a line between operating points before and after ganglionic blockade (trimethaphan, 0.1 mg⋅ml–1⋅kg–1) during 0° or 15° HUT. Gain values were estimated from the slopes of these functional curves. Finally, an open-loop gain, which is a most important index for performance of arterial baroreflex, was given by a product of the gain values of MN (GMN) and NM arcs (GNM). Gain values of MN was 8.92 ± 3.07 pg⋅ml−1⋅mmHg−1; and GNM at 0° and 15° HUT were 0.61 ± 0.08 and 0.36 ± 0.05 mmHg⋅ml⋅pg–1, respectively. A postural change from supine to 15° HUT significantly reduced the open-loop gain from 5.62 ± 0.98 to 3.75 ± 0.62. The effects of HUT on the NM arc and open-loop gain seemed to be similar to those of blood loss observed in our previous animal studies. Conclusion An equilibrium-diagram analysis contributes to a quantitative and integrative understanding of function of human sympathetic arterial baroreflex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumiyasu Yamasaki
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Takayuki Sato
- Department of Cardiovascular Control, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Kyoko Sato
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Japan
| | - André Diedrich
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Autonomic Dysfunction Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
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Cantow K, Hummel L, Flemming B, Waiczies S, Niendorf T, Seeliger E. Imagine physiology without imaging. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2020; 230:e13549. [PMID: 32852085 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Cantow
- Institut für vegetative Physiologie Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health Berlin Germany
| | - Luis Hummel
- Institut für vegetative Physiologie Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health Berlin Germany
| | - Bert Flemming
- Institut für vegetative Physiologie Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health Berlin Germany
| | - Sonia Waiczies
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.) Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association Berlin Germany
| | - Thoralf Niendorf
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.) Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association Berlin Germany
| | - Erdmann Seeliger
- Institut für vegetative Physiologie Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health Berlin Germany
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Long-term diet-induced hypertension in rats is associated with reduced expression and function of small artery SKCa, IKCa, and Kir2.1 channels. Clin Sci (Lond) 2018; 132:461-474. [DOI: 10.1042/cs20171408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Abdominal obesity and/or a high intake of fructose may cause hypertension. K+ channels, Na/K-ATPase, and voltage-gated Ca2+ channels are crucial determinants of resistance artery tone and thus the control of blood pressure. Limited information is available on the role of K+ transporters in long-term diet-induced hypertension in rats. We hypothesized that a 28-week diet rich in fat, fructose, or both, will lead to changes in K+ transporter expression and function, which is associated with increased blood pressure and decreased arterial function. Male Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats received a diet containing normal chow (Control), high-fat chow (High Fat), high-fructose in drinking water (High Fructose), or a combination of high-fat and high-fructose diet (High Fat/Fruc) for 28 weeks from the age of 4 weeks. Measurements included body weight (BW), systolic blood pressure (SBP), mRNA expression of vascular K+ transporters, and vessel myography in small mesenteric arteries (SMAs). BW was increased in the High Fat and High Fat/Fruc groups, and SBP was increased in the High Fat/Fruc group. mRNA expression of small conductance calcium-activated K+ channel (SKCa), intermediate conductance calcium-activated K+ (IKCa), and Kir2.1 inward rectifier K+ channels were reduced in the High Fat/Fruc group. Reduced endothelium-derived hyperpolarization (EDH)-type relaxation to acetylcholine (ACh) was seen in the High Fat and High Fat/Fruc groups. Ba2+-sensitive dilatation to extracellular K+ was impaired in all the experimental diet groups. In conclusion, reduced expression and function of SKCa, IKCa, and Kir2.1 channels are associated with elevated blood pressure in rats fed a long-term High Fat/Fruc. Rats fed a 28-week High Fat/Fruc provide a relevant model of diet-induced hypertension.
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