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Mo C, Xie L, Chen C, Ma J, Huang Y, Wu Y, Xu Y, Peng H, Chen Z, Mao R. The Clinical Significance and Potential Molecular Mechanism of Upregulated CDC28 Protein Kinase Regulatory Subunit 1B in Osteosarcoma. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:7228584. [PMID: 34925510 PMCID: PMC8683182 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7228584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CDC28 Protein Kinase Regulatory Subunit 1B (CKS1B) is a member of cyclin-dependent kinase subfamily and the relationship between CKS1B and osteosarcoma (OS) remains to be explored. METHODS 80 OS and 41 nontumor tissue samples were arranged to conduct immunohistochemistry (IHC) to evaluate CKS1B expression between OS and nontumor samples. The standard mean deviation (SMD) was calculated based on in-house IHC and tissue microarrays and exterior high-throughput datasets for further verification of CKS1B expression in OS. The effect of CKS1B expression on clinicopathological and overall survival of OS patients was measured through public high-throughput datasets, and analysis of immune infiltration and single-cell RNA-seq was applied to ascertain molecular mechanism of CKS1B in OS. RESULTS A total of 197 OS samples and 83 nontumor samples (including tissue and cell line) were obtained from in-house IHC, microarrays, and exterior high-throughput datasets. The analysis of integrated expression status demonstrated upregulation of CKS1B in OS (SMD = 1.38, 95% CI [0.52-2.25]) and the significant power of CKS1B expression in distinguishing OS samples from nontumor samples (Area under the Curve (AUC) = 0.89, 95% CI [0.86-0.91]). Clinicopathological and prognosis analysis indicated no remarkable significance but inference of immune infiltration and single-cell RNA-seq prompted that OS patients with overexpressed CKS1B were more likely to suffer OS metastasis while MYC Protooncogene may be the upstream regulon of CKS1B in proliferating osteoblastic OS cells. CONCLUSIONS In this study, sufficient evidence was provided for upregulation of CKS1B in OS. The advanced effect of CKS1B on OS progression indicates a foreground of CKS1B as a biomarker for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaohua Mo
- Department of Pathology, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong 528300, China
| | - Le Xie
- Department of Pathology, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong 528300, China
| | - Chang Chen
- Department of Pathology, Wuzhou Res Cross Hospital, Wuzhou, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 543100, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yingxin Huang
- Department of Pathology, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong 528300, China
| | - Yanxing Wu
- Department of Pathology, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong 528300, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- Department of Pathology, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong 528300, China
| | - Huizhi Peng
- Department of Pathology, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong 528300, China
| | - Zengwei Chen
- Department of Pathology, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong 528300, China
| | - Rongjun Mao
- Department of Pathology, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong 528300, China
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Identification of differentially abundant mRNA transcripts and autocrine/paracrine factors in oocytes and follicle cells of mud crabs. Anim Reprod Sci 2021; 230:106784. [PMID: 34090094 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2021.106784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The late vitellogenic stage of the mud crab is characterized by large and obvious follicle cells as well as an enlarged oocyte nucleus and a prominent germinal vesicle (GV). The aim of this study was evaluation of functions of oocytes and follicle cells during meiosis as well as at identifying associated ovarian autocrine/paracrine factors using comparative transcriptomics. The results from the KEGG pathway analysis indicated DNA replication, nucleotide excision repair, spliceosome and the ribosome pathways were highly associated with oocyte maturation across both transcriptomes. In addition, there was a larger abundance of mRNA transcripts for cell cycle-related genes in the oocyte, as well as cyclin A, cyclin B and CKS1B in the GV than at the time of germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD). These findings indicate these cell cycle-related genes might be involved in GVBD induction. Results when there was localization of ligands and the respective receptors of VEGF, TGFβ propeptide and BMP9/10 indicated these proteins might be autocrine/paracrine factors. Results from functional analysis of VEGF, TGFβ propeptide and BMP9/10 in oocyte maturation using RNA interference revealed that these proteins might be involved in oocyte maturation by regulating cyclin abundance. This is the first study on the functions of VEGF in oocyte maturation in invertebrates.
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Wang H, Zhang Z, Yan Z, Ma S. CKS1B promotes cell proliferation and invasion by activating STAT3/PD-L1 and phosphorylation of Akt signaling in papillary thyroid carcinoma. J Clin Lab Anal 2020; 35:e23565. [PMID: 32960462 PMCID: PMC7843292 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate role of GKS1B and its relationship between STAT3/PD‐L1 and p‐Akt in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Methods Expression of GKS1B and PD‐L1 was determined in PTC cell lines. GKS1B was overexpressed or knocked down by transfection with overexpression plasmids or si‐CKS1B. STAT3 inhibitor WP1066 was used to suppress STAT3, and PD‐L1 inhibitor Pembrolizumab was used to block PD‐L1. Cell viability and invasion were evaluated by MTT and transwell assay, respectively. The expression of STAT3, p‐STAT3, Akt, and p‐Akt was measured using Western blotting. Results Both protein levels and mRNA levels of CKS1B and PD‐L1 were remarkably up‐regulated in PTC cell lines. Knockdown of CKS1B significantly inhibited cell viability and invasion of PTC cells and suppressed STAT3/PD‐L1 signaling and Akt phosphorylation, while overexpression of CKS1B led to opposite results. Inhibition of STAT3 or PD‐L1 reversed the effects of overexpressed CKS1B on PTC cells. Conclusion The overexpression of CSK1B could promote cell viability and invasion of PTC cells through activation of STAT3/PD‐L1 signaling and Akt phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Shanghai Xuhui Center Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Zhe Yan
- Shanghai Xuhui Center Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shihong Ma
- Shanghai Xuhui Center Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Mandal P, Saha SS, Sen S, Bhattacharya A, Bhattacharya NP, Bucha S, Sinha M, Chowdhury RR, Mondal NR, Chakravarty B, Chatterjee T, Roy S, Chattapadhyay A, Sengupta S. Cervical cancer subtypes harbouring integrated and/or episomal HPV16 portray distinct molecular phenotypes based on transcriptome profiling of mRNAs and miRNAs. Cell Death Discov 2019; 5:81. [PMID: 30937183 PMCID: PMC6433907 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-019-0154-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneity in cervical cancers (CaCx) in terms of HPV16 physical status prompted us to investigate the mRNA and miRNA signatures among the different categories of CaCx samples. We performed microarray-based mRNA expression profiling and quantitative real-time PCR-based expression analysis of some prioritised miRNAs implicated in cancer-related pathways among various categories of cervical samples. Such samples included HPV16-positive CaCx cases that harboured either purely integrated HPV16 genomes (integrated) and those that harboured episomal viral genomes, either pure or concomitant with integrated viral genomes (episomal), which were compared with normal cervical samples that were either HPV negative or positive for HPV16. The mRNA expression profile differed characteristically between integrated and episomal CaCx cases for enriched biological pathways. miRNA expression profiles also differed among CaCx cases compared with controls (upregulation—miR-21, miR-16, miR-205, miR-323; downregulation—miR-143, miR-196b, miR-203, miR-34a; progressive upregulation—miR-21 and progressive downregulation—miR-143, miR-34a, miR-196b and miR-203) in the order of HPV-negative controls, HPV16-positive non-malignant samples and HPV16-positive CaCx cases. miR-200a was upregulated in HPV16-positive cervical tissues irrespective of histopathological status. Expression of majority of the predicted target genes was negatively correlated with their corresponding miRNAs, irrespective of the CaCx subtypes. E7 mRNA expression correlated positively with miR-323 expression among episomal cases and miR-203, among integrated cases. miR-181c expression was downregulated only among the episomal CaCx cases and negatively correlated with protein coding transcript of the proliferative target gene, CKS1B of the significantly enriched “G2/M DNA Damage Checkpoint Regulation” pathway among CaCx cases. Thus, the two CaCx subtypes are distinct entities at the molecular level, which could be differentially targeted for therapy. In fact, availability of a small molecule inhibitor of CKS1B, suggests that drugging CKS1B could be a potential avenue of treating the large majority of CaCx cases harbouring episomal HPV16.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paramita Mandal
- 1National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, West Bengal India.,6Present Address: Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal India
| | - Sweta Sharma Saha
- 1National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, West Bengal India.,Present Address: Section of Haematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, university of Chicago, 5841 S Maryland Ave MC 2115, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Shrinka Sen
- 1National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, West Bengal India.,8Present Address: Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560064 India
| | | | - Nitai P Bhattacharya
- 2Crystallography & Molecular Biology Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700064 India
| | - Sudha Bucha
- 2Crystallography & Molecular Biology Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700064 India
| | - Mithun Sinha
- 2Crystallography & Molecular Biology Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700064 India.,9Present Address: Comprehensive Wound Center, Center for Regenerative Medicine and Cell Based Therapies, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Rahul Roy Chowdhury
- 3Department of Gynecology, Saroj Gupta Cancer Centre and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Nidhu Ranjan Mondal
- 3Department of Gynecology, Saroj Gupta Cancer Centre and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Biman Chakravarty
- 3Department of Gynecology, Saroj Gupta Cancer Centre and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Tanmay Chatterjee
- 3Department of Gynecology, Saroj Gupta Cancer Centre and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Sudipta Roy
- Sri Aurobindo Seva Kendra, 1H, Gariahat Road (S) Jodhpur Park, Kolkata, 700068 West Bengal India
| | | | - Sharmila Sengupta
- 1National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, West Bengal India
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Miloshev G, Staneva D, Uzunova K, Vasileva B, Draganova-Filipova M, Zagorchev P, Georgieva M. Linker histones and chromatin remodelling complexes maintain genome stability and control cellular ageing. Mech Ageing Dev 2018; 177:55-65. [PMID: 30025887 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Linker histones are major players in chromatin organization and per se are essential players in genome homeostasis. As the fifth class of histone proteins the linker histones not only interact with DNA and core histones but also with other chromatin proteins. These interactions prove to be essential for the higher levels of chromatin organization like chromatin loops, transcription factories and chromosome territories. Our recent results have proved that Saccharomyces cerevisiae linker histone - Hho1p, physically interacts with the actin-related protein 4 (Arp4) and that the abrogation of this interaction through the deletion of the gene for the linker histone in arp4 mutant cells leads to global changes in chromatin compaction. Here, we show that the healthy interaction between the yeast linker histone and Arp4p is critical for maintaining genome stability and for controlling cellular sensitivity to different types of stress. The abolished interaction between the linker histone and Arp4p leads the mutant yeast cells to premature ageing phenotypes. Cells die young and are more sensitive to stress. These results unambiguously prove the role of linker histones and chromatin remodelling in ageing by their cooperation in pertaining higher-order chromatin compaction and thus maintaining genome stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Miloshev
- Laboratory of Yeast Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology "Acad. Roumen Tsanev", Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Dessislava Staneva
- Laboratory of Yeast Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology "Acad. Roumen Tsanev", Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Katya Uzunova
- Laboratory of Yeast Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology "Acad. Roumen Tsanev", Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Bela Vasileva
- Laboratory of Yeast Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology "Acad. Roumen Tsanev", Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Plamen Zagorchev
- Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Milena Georgieva
- Laboratory of Yeast Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology "Acad. Roumen Tsanev", Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
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Integrated MicroRNA-mRNA Analysis Reveals miR-204 Inhibits Cell Proliferation in Gastric Cancer by Targeting CKS1B, CXCL1 and GPRC5A. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 19:ijms19010087. [PMID: 29283424 PMCID: PMC5796037 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the second most frequent cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. MicroRNAs are single-stranded RNA molecules of 21–23 nucleotides that regulate target gene expression through specific base-pairing interactions between miRNA and untranslated regions of targeted mRNAs. In this study, we generated a multistep approach for the integrated analysis of miRNA and mRNA expression. First, both miRNA and mRNA expression profiling datasets in gastric cancer from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) identified 79 and 1042 differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs, respectively, in gastric cancer. Second, inverse correlations between miRNA and mRNA expression levels identified 3206 miRNA–mRNA pairs combined with 79 dysregulated miRNAs and their 774 target mRNAs predicted by three prediction tools, miRanda, PITA, and RNAhybrid. Additionally, miR-204, which was found to be down-regulated in gastric cancer, was ectopically over-expressed in the AGS gastric cancer cell line and all down-regulated targets were identified by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis. Over-expression of miR-204 reduced the gastric cancer cell proliferation and suppressed the expression of three targets which were validated by qRT-PCR and luciferase assays. For the first time, we identified that CKS1B, CXCL1, and GPRC5A are putative targets of miR-204 and elucidated that miR-204 acted as potential tumor suppressor and, therefore, are useful as a promising therapeutic target for gastric cancer.
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Wu YT, Yen SL, Li CF, Chan TC, Chen TJ, Lee SW, He HL, Chang IW, Hsing CH, Shiue YL. Overexpression of Transient Receptor Protein Cation Channel Subfamily A Member 1, Confers an Independent Prognostic Indicator in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. J Cancer 2016; 7:1181-8. [PMID: 27390592 PMCID: PMC4934025 DOI: 10.7150/jca.15326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Detection of oncogenes provides chances to understand tumor development and progression. Transient receptor protein cation channel subfamily A, member 1 (TRPA1) transcript was significantly upregulated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) with a stepwise upregulation from low- to high-stage NPCs from a preliminary data analysis in the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The TRPA1 gene is a member of the TRP channel family, encoding integral membrane proteins that functions as cation channels. Loss of calcium homeostasis takes place in cancer cells. Methods: Immunostaining of TRPA1 was analyzed on 124 biopsies from NPC patients retrospectively. The H-score method was used to evaluate the immunoexpression of TRPA1. The correlations between H-score of TRPA1 protein level and clinicopathological factors, as well as the significances of TRPA1 protein level for disease-specific, distal-metastasis-free and local recurrence-free survivals were assessed. Results: These patients were characterized to be no initial metastasis and medicated with the traditional procedure. The TRPA1 score was found to be associated with clinicopathological parameters and patient survivals. Along with the guideline of 7th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer, we found that TRPA1 upregulation (50%) was associated with advanced primary tumor (P = 0.009) and overall clinical stage (P = 0.019). In univariate log-rank testing, primary tumor, nodal status, stage and TRPA1 protein level significantly contributed to worse disease-specific survival, distal metastasis-free survival and local recurrence-free survival. In multivariate analysis, high TRPA1 protein level and tumor stage emerged as independent prognostic indicators for inferior disease-specific survival (P = 0.014; P = 0.003), distal metastasis-free survival (P = 0.004; P = 0.034) and recurrence-free survival (P = 0.017; P = 0.015). Conclusions: The upregulation of TRPA1 protein level is frequently correlated to unfavorable prognosticators and gives rise to cancer progression in NPC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Ting Wu
- 1. Departments of Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;; 2. Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Lun Yen
- 1. Departments of Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- 3. Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan;; 4. National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan;; 5. Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan;; 6. Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- 3. Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ju Chen
- 3. Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Wei Lee
- 7. Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Lin He
- 8. Department of Pathology, E-DA Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;; 9. Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - I-Wei Chang
- 8. Department of Pathology, E-DA Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsi Hsing
- 10. Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yow-Ling Shiue
- 9. Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;; 11. Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;; 12. Doctoral degree program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Banerji J. Asparaginase treatment side-effects may be due to genes with homopolymeric Asn codons (Review-Hypothesis). Int J Mol Med 2015; 36:607-26. [PMID: 26178806 PMCID: PMC4533780 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The present treatment of childhood T-cell leukemias involves the systemic administration of prokary-otic L-asparaginase (ASNase), which depletes plasma Asparagine (Asn) and inhibits protein synthesis. The mechanism of therapeutic action of ASNase is poorly understood, as are the etiologies of the side-effects incurred by treatment. Protein expression from genes bearing Asn homopolymeric coding regions (N-hCR) may be particularly susceptible to Asn level fluctuation. In mammals, N-hCR are rare, short and conserved. In humans, misfunctions of genes encoding N-hCR are associated with a cluster of disorders that mimic ASNase therapy side-effects which include impaired glycemic control, dislipidemia, pancreatitis, compromised vascular integrity, and neurological dysfunction. This paper proposes that dysregulation of Asn homeostasis, potentially even by ASNase produced by the microbiome, may contribute to several clinically important syndromes by altering expression of N-hCR bearing genes. By altering amino acid abundance and modulating ribosome translocation rates at codon repeats, the microbiomic environment may contribute to genome decoding and to shaping the proteome. We suggest that impaired translation at poly Asn codons elevates diabetes risk and severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Banerji
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, MGH, Simches Research Center, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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Chayka O, D'Acunto CW, Middleton O, Arab M, Sala A. Identification and pharmacological inactivation of the MYCN gene network as a therapeutic strategy for neuroblastic tumor cells. J Biol Chem 2014; 290:2198-212. [PMID: 25477524 PMCID: PMC4303671 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.624056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The MYC family of transcription factors consists of three well characterized members, c-MYC, L-MYC, and MYCN, deregulated in the majority of human cancers. In neuronal tumors such as neuroblastoma, MYCN is frequently activated by gene amplification, and reducing its expression by RNA interference has been shown to promote growth arrest and apoptosis of tumor cells. From a clinical perspective, RNA interference is not yet a viable option, and small molecule inhibitors of transcription factors are difficult to develop. We therefore planned to identify, at the global level, the genes interacting functionally with MYCN required to promote fitness of tumor cells facing oncogenic stress. To find genes whose inactivation is synthetically lethal to MYCN, we implemented a genome-wide approach in which we carried out a drop-out shRNA screen using a whole genome library that was delivered into isogenic neuroblastoma cell lines expressing or not expressing MYCN. After the screen, we selected for in-depth analysis four shRNAs targeting AHCY, BLM, PKMYT1, and CKS1B. These genes were chosen because they are directly regulated by MYC proteins, associated with poor prognosis of neuroblastoma patients, and inhibited by small molecule compounds. Mechanistically, we found that BLM and PKMYT1 are required to limit oncogenic stress and promote stabilization of the MYCN protein. Cocktails of small molecule inhibitors of CKS1B, AHCY, BLM, and PKMYT1 profoundly affected the growth of all neuroblastoma cell lines but selectively caused death of MYCN-amplified cells. Our findings suggest that drugging the MYCN network is a promising avenue for the treatment of high risk, neuroblastic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olesya Chayka
- From the Brunel Institute of Cancer Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Brunel University London, London UB8 3PH, United Kingdom and the Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom
| | - Cosimo Walter D'Acunto
- the Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom
| | - Odette Middleton
- the Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom
| | - Maryam Arab
- From the Brunel Institute of Cancer Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Brunel University London, London UB8 3PH, United Kingdom and
| | - Arturo Sala
- From the Brunel Institute of Cancer Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Brunel University London, London UB8 3PH, United Kingdom and the Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom
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