1
|
Zhou S, Li X, Shu X, Cai X, Wu H, Ding S, Yan Y. An all-in-one enzymatic DNA network based on catalytic hairpin assembly for label-free and highly sensitive detection of APE1. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1278:341678. [PMID: 37709426 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1), identified as a prospective cancer biomarker, plays a vital role in the occurrence and progression of cancer cell lines and impacts on genome stability. However, conventional approaches typically rely on the interactions between the antigen and antibody, limiting their utility for qualitative assessments of APE1 expression. Herein, an all-in-one enzymatic DNA network (EDN) assay with catalytic hairpin assembly for label-free and ultrasensitive detection of APE1 has been developed. In this work, the blocking strand can inhibit the initiator by obstructing the complementary region, preventing the hairpin from hybridizing in the absence of APE1 targets. While the presence of targets can activate the unlocking of the initiator, which can trigger the catalytic hairpin reaction, and increase the fluorescent signal. Under optimal conditions, the developed sensing method can detect the target APE1 down to 4.78 × 10-6 U mL-1 with a wide linear range from 5 × 10-6 U mL-1 to 30 U mL-1. This strategy has also been successfully applied to the analysis of complicated biological samples compared to ELISA, demonstrating its potential applications in biochemical and molecular biology research as well as clinical diagnostics. Overall, benefiting from the high amplification efficiency, this strategy has successfully and simply detected low-abundance APE1 without additional enzyme isolation steps, presenting great potential for clinical detection applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaoying Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, The People's Hospital of Yubei District of Chongqing City, Chongqing, 400120, China.
| | - Xingrong Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiaojia Shu
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiaoying Cai
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Haiping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Shijia Ding
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yurong Yan
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Malfatti MC, Bellina A, Antoniali G, Tell G. Revisiting Two Decades of Research Focused on Targeting APE1 for Cancer Therapy: The Pros and Cons. Cells 2023; 12:1895. [PMID: 37508559 PMCID: PMC10378182 DOI: 10.3390/cells12141895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
APE1 is an essential endodeoxyribonuclease of the base excision repair pathway that maintains genome stability. It was identified as a pivotal factor favoring tumor progression and chemoresistance through the control of gene expression by a redox-based mechanism. APE1 is overexpressed and serum-secreted in different cancers, representing a prognostic and predictive factor and a promising non-invasive biomarker. Strategies directly targeting APE1 functions led to the identification of inhibitors showing potential therapeutic value, some of which are currently in clinical trials. Interestingly, evidence indicates novel roles of APE1 in RNA metabolism that are still not fully understood, including its activity in processing damaged RNA in chemoresistant phenotypes, regulating onco-miRNA maturation, and oxidized RNA decay. Recent data point out a control role for APE1 in the expression and sorting of onco-miRNAs within secreted extracellular vesicles. This review is focused on giving a portrait of the pros and cons of the last two decades of research aiming at the identification of inhibitors of the redox or DNA-repair functions of APE1 for the definition of novel targeted therapies for cancer. We will discuss the new perspectives in cancer therapy emerging from the unexpected finding of the APE1 role in miRNA processing for personalized therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matilde Clarissa Malfatti
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA Repair, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Alessia Bellina
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA Repair, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Giulia Antoniali
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA Repair, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Gianluca Tell
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA Repair, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ren N, Yu L, Qian L, Ye G, Zhu Z, Yu J, Sun L, Zhang L. Exploring the Pharmacological Mechanism of the Effective Chinese Medicines Against Gynecological Cancer Based on Meta-Analysis Combined With Network Pharmacology Analysis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:817772. [PMID: 35875080 PMCID: PMC9298573 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.817772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This meta-analysis plus network pharmacology aimed to investigate whether traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) combined with chemotherapy is associated with more beneficial efficacy data in the treatment of gynecological cancer (GC). A total of 11 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) consisting of 863 GC patients were included. Results showed a better ORR (RR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.18–1.71; I2 = 21.4%; p = 0.282), DCR (RR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.03–1.25; I2 = 0.0%; p = 0.492), PD (RR: 0.27, 95% CI: 0.11–0.65, p = 0.003; I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.930), and QOL (SMD: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.38–1.33, p = 0.005) and higher proportions of CD3+ T (WMD: 5.65, 95% CI: 4.23–7.08, p = 0.000; I2 = 68.3%, p = 0.004), CD4+ T (WMD: 6.97, 95% CI: 5.35–8.59, p = 0.000; I2 = 83.4%, p = 0.000), and the CD4+/CD8+ T ratio (WMD: 0.32, 95% CI: 0.23–0.42, p = 0.000; I2 = 78.0%, p = 0.000). The number of adverse events (AEs) was significantly lower in the TCM + chemotherapy group. The active components and targets of 19 high-frequency Chinese medicines obtained from the meta-analysis were screened and explored in network pharmacology analysis. Also, a regulatory network of active components and targets, a core network and key genes, a diagram of protein interaction, network topology analysis, and gene body GO function and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed. A total of 120 active components were identified. NPM1 and HSPA8 are the most critical target proteins in the core network of protein interaction. HSP90AA1 is the most important target protein in the TCM group. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that it was highly significant in the lipid and atherosclerotic pathways. Therefore, moderate evidence revealed that TCM plus chemotherapy has obvious advantages over chemotherapy alone in terms of tumor responses, QOL, peripheral blood lymphocyte levels, and fewer AEs in the treatment of GC. The potential important targets and core genes were displayed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ren
- Hangzhou TCM Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Lulin Yu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lihui Qian
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gewei Ye
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenzheng Zhu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jieru Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Leyin Zhang, ; Leitao Sun, ; Jieru Yu,
| | - Leitao Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Leyin Zhang, ; Leitao Sun, ; Jieru Yu,
| | - Leyin Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Leyin Zhang, ; Leitao Sun, ; Jieru Yu,
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang L, Liu G, Kong M, Li T, Wu D, Zhou X, Yang C, Xia L, Yang Z, Chen L. Revealing dynamic regulations and the related key proteins of myeloma-initiating cells by integrating experimental data into a systems biological model. Bioinformatics 2021; 37:1554-1561. [PMID: 31350562 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btz542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION The growth and survival of myeloma cells are greatly affected by their surrounding microenvironment. To understand the molecular mechanism and the impact of stiffness on the fate of myeloma-initiating cells (MICs), we develop a systems biological model to reveal the dynamic regulations by integrating reverse-phase protein array data and the stiffness-associated pathway. RESULTS We not only develop a stiffness-associated signaling pathway to describe the dynamic regulations of the MICs, but also clearly identify three critical proteins governing the MIC proliferation and death, including FAK, mTORC1 and NFκB, which are validated to be related with multiple myeloma by our immunohistochemistry experiment, computation and manually reviewed evidences. Moreover, we demonstrate that the systematic model performs better than widely used parameter estimation algorithms for the complicated signaling pathway. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION We can not only use the systems biological model to infer the stiffness-associated genetic signaling pathway and locate the critical proteins, but also investigate the important pathways, proteins or genes for other type of the cancer. Thus, it holds universal scientific significance. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Le Zhang
- College of Computer Science.,Medical Big Data Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.,Chongqqing Zhongdi Medical Information Technology Co., Ltd, Chongqing 401320, China
| | - Guangdi Liu
- College of Computer and Information Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.,Library of Chengdu University, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Meijing Kong
- College of Computer and Information Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Tingting Li
- College of Mathematics and Statistics, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Dan Wu
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Chuanwei Yang
- Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lei Xia
- Cancer Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Zhenzhou Yang
- Cancer Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Luonan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.,Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China.,Shanghai Research Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Shanghai 201210, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Malfatti MC, Antoniali G, Codrich M, Burra S, Mangiapane G, Dalla E, Tell G. New perspectives in cancer biology from a study of canonical and non-canonical functions of base excision repair proteins with a focus on early steps. Mutagenesis 2021; 35:129-149. [PMID: 31858150 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gez051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations of DNA repair enzymes and consequential triggering of aberrant DNA damage response (DDR) pathways are thought to play a pivotal role in genomic instabilities associated with cancer development, and are further thought to be important predictive biomarkers for therapy using the synthetic lethality paradigm. However, novel unpredicted perspectives are emerging from the identification of several non-canonical roles of DNA repair enzymes, particularly in gene expression regulation, by different molecular mechanisms, such as (i) non-coding RNA regulation of tumour suppressors, (ii) epigenetic and transcriptional regulation of genes involved in genotoxic responses and (iii) paracrine effects of secreted DNA repair enzymes triggering the cell senescence phenotype. The base excision repair (BER) pathway, canonically involved in the repair of non-distorting DNA lesions generated by oxidative stress, ionising radiation, alkylation damage and spontaneous or enzymatic deamination of nucleotide bases, represents a paradigm for the multifaceted roles of complex DDR in human cells. This review will focus on what is known about the canonical and non-canonical functions of BER enzymes related to cancer development, highlighting novel opportunities to understand the biology of cancer and representing future perspectives for designing new anticancer strategies. We will specifically focus on APE1 as an example of a pleiotropic and multifunctional BER protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matilde Clarissa Malfatti
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA repair, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Giulia Antoniali
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA repair, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Marta Codrich
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA repair, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Silvia Burra
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA repair, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Giovanna Mangiapane
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA repair, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Emiliano Dalla
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA repair, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Gianluca Tell
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA repair, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cho J, Oh S, Lee D, Han JW, Yoo J, Park D, Lee G. Spectroscopic sensing and quantification of AP-endonucleases using fluorescence-enhancement by cis– trans isomerization of cyanine dyes. RSC Adv 2021; 11:11380-11386. [PMID: 35423644 PMCID: PMC8695990 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08051a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonucleases are vital DNA repair enzymes, and proposed to be a prognostic biomarker for various types of cancer in humans. Numerous DNA sensors have been developed to evaluate the extent of nuclease activity but their DNA termini are not protected against other nucleases, hampering accurate quantification. Here we developed a new fluorescence enhancement (FE)-based method as an enzyme-specific DNA biosensor with nuclease-protection by three functional units (an AP-site, Cy3 and termini that are protected from exonucleolytic cleavage). A robust FE signal arises from the fluorescent cis–trans isomerization of a cyanine dye (e.g., Cy3) upon the enzyme-triggered structural change from double-stranded (ds)DNA to single-stranded (ss)DNA that carries Cy3. The FE-based assay reveals a linear dependency on sub-nanomolar concentrations as low as 10−11 M for the target enzyme and can be also utilized as a sensitive readout of other nuclease activities. Apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonucleases are vital DNA repair enzymes, and proposed to be a prognostic biomarker for various types of cancer in humans.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- JunHo Cho
- School of Life Sciences
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology
- Gwangju
- Korea
| | - Sanghoon Oh
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology
- Gwangju
- Korea
| | - DongHun Lee
- School of Life Sciences
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology
- Gwangju
- Korea
| | - Jae Won Han
- School of Life Sciences
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology
- Gwangju
- Korea
| | - Jungmin Yoo
- School of Life Sciences
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology
- Gwangju
- Korea
| | - Daeho Park
- School of Life Sciences
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology
- Gwangju
- Korea
- Cell Mechanobiology Research Center
| | - Gwangrog Lee
- School of Life Sciences
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology
- Gwangju
- Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ma Y, Wang X, Qiu C, Qin J, Wang K, Sun G, Jiang D, Li J, Wang L, Shi J, Wang P, Ye H, Dai L, Jiang BH, Zhang J. Using protein microarray to identify and evaluate autoantibodies to tumor-associated antigens in ovarian cancer. Cancer Sci 2020; 112:537-549. [PMID: 33185955 PMCID: PMC7894002 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a noninvasive serological diagnostic approach in identifying and evaluating a panel of candidate autoantibodies to tumor‐associated antigens (TAAs) based on protein microarray technology for early detection of ovarian cancer (OC). Protein microarray based on 154 proteins encoded by 138 cancer driver genes was used to screen candidate anti‐TAA autoantibodies in a discovery cohort containing 17 OC and 27 normal controls (NC). Indirect enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the content of candidate anti‐TAA autoantibodies in sera from 140 subjects in the training cohort. Differential anti‐TAA autoantibodies were further validated in the validation cohort with 328 subjects. Subsequently, 112 sera from the patients with ovarian benign diseases with 104 OC sera and 104 NC sera together were recruited to identify the specificity of representative autoantibodies to OC among ovarian diseases. Five TAAs (GNAS, NPM1, FUBP1, p53, and KRAS) were screened out in the discovery phase, in which four of them presented higher levels in OC than controls (P < .05) in the training cohort, which was consistent with the result in the subsequent validation cohort. An optimized panel of three anti‐TAA (GNAS, p53, and NPM1) autoantibodies was identified to have relatively high sensitivity (51.2%), specificity (86.0%), and accuracy (68.6%), respectively. This panel can identify 51% of OC patients with CA125 negative. This study supports our assumption that anti‐TAA autoantibodies can be considered as potential diagnostic biomarkers for detection of OC; especially a panel of three anti‐TAA autoantibodies could be a good tool in immunodiagnosis of OC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics & Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Henan Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital & Henan Provincial Orthopedic Institute, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Cuipeng Qiu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics & Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiejie Qin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics & Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Keyan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics & Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guiying Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics & Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Di Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics & Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jitian Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Henan Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital & Henan Provincial Orthopedic Institute, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Jianxiang Shi
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics & Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hua Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics & Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liping Dai
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bing-Hua Jiang
- Department of Pathology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Jianying Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics & Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer tissues have increased base excision repair capacity. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16371. [PMID: 33004944 PMCID: PMC7529820 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73370-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms underlying the development and progression of bladder cancer (BC) are complex and have not been fully elucidated. Alterations in base excision repair (BER) capacity, one of several DNA repair mechanisms assigned to preserving genome integrity, have been reported to influence cancer susceptibility, recurrence, and progression, as well as responses to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. We report herein that non-muscle invasive BC (NMIBC) tissues exhibit increased uracil incision, abasic endonuclease and gap-filling activities, as well as total BER capacity in comparison to normal bladder tissue from the same patient (p < 0.05). No significant difference was detected in 8-oxoG incision activity between cancer and normal tissues. NMIBC tissues have elevated protein levels of uracil DNA glycosylase, 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase, AP endonuclease 1 and DNA polymerase β protein. Moreover, the fold increase in total BER and the individual BER enzyme activities were greater in high-grade tissues than in low-grade NMIBC tissues. These findings suggest that enhanced BER activity may play a role in the etiology of NMIBC and that BER proteins could serve as biomarkers in disease prognosis, progression or response to genotoxic therapeutics, such as Bacillus Calmette–Guérin.
Collapse
|
9
|
DNA Repair and Ovarian Carcinogenesis: Impact on Risk, Prognosis and Therapy Outcome. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12071713. [PMID: 32605254 PMCID: PMC7408288 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There is ample evidence for the essential involvement of DNA repair and DNA damage response in the onset of solid malignancies, including ovarian cancer. Indeed, high-penetrance germline mutations in DNA repair genes are important players in familial cancers: BRCA1, BRCA2 mutations or mismatch repair, and polymerase deficiency in colorectal, breast, and ovarian cancers. Recently, some molecular hallmarks (e.g., TP53, KRAS, BRAF, RAD51C/D or PTEN mutations) of ovarian carcinomas were identified. The manuscript overviews the role of DNA repair machinery in ovarian cancer, its risk, prognosis, and therapy outcome. We have attempted to expose molecular hallmarks of ovarian cancer with a focus on DNA repair system and scrutinized genetic, epigenetic, functional, and protein alterations in individual DNA repair pathways (homologous recombination, non-homologous end-joining, DNA mismatch repair, base- and nucleotide-excision repair, and direct repair). We suggest that lack of knowledge particularly in non-homologous end joining repair pathway and the interplay between DNA repair pathways needs to be confronted. The most important genes of the DNA repair system are emphasized and their targeting in ovarian cancer will deserve further attention. The function of those genes, as well as the functional status of the entire DNA repair pathways, should be investigated in detail in the near future.
Collapse
|
10
|
Song H, Zhou Y, Peng A, Liu J, Wu X, Chen W, Liu Z. Aurora-B Promotes Osteosarcoma Cell Growth and Metastasis Through Activation of the NPM1/ERK/NF-κβ/MMPs Axis. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:4817-4827. [PMID: 32606971 PMCID: PMC7320907 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s252847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant tumor of the bone in young adolescents and children. We explored the underlying mechanism of Aurora-B in promoting OS cell proliferation and metastasis. Patient and Methods Bioinformatics was employed to predict the substrate of Aurora-B. IHC and Western blot were used to confirm the correlation between Aurora-B and NPM1. ERK/NF-κβ pathway-related proteins were detected by Western blot and immunofluorescence (IF). CCK8, wound healing, transwell, and Tunel assays were used to identify the cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis potential. Spontaneous metastasis xenografts were established to confirm the role of Aurora-B and NPM1. Results Aurora-B promotes NPM1 phosphorylation on Ser125. The phosphorylation of NPM1Ser125 induced by Aurora-B activates the ERK/NF-κβ signaling. Further study revealed that Aurora-B promotes proliferation, migration and inhibits apoptosis via phosphorylating NPM1 in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion Aurora-B promotes OS malignancy via phosphorylating NPM1Ser125 and activating ERK/NF-κβ signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Honghai Song
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Spinal and Spinal Cord Diseases, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Aifen Peng
- College of Humanities, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaming Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Spinal and Spinal Cord Diseases, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China.,Jiangxi Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenzhao Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhili Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Spinal and Spinal Cord Diseases, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People's Republic of China.,Division of Science and Technology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Architecture of The Human Ape1 Interactome Defines Novel Cancers Signatures. Sci Rep 2020; 10:28. [PMID: 31913336 PMCID: PMC6949240 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56981-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
APE1 is essential in cancer cells due to its central role in the Base Excision Repair pathway of DNA lesions and in the transcriptional regulation of genes involved in tumor progression/chemoresistance. Indeed, APE1 overexpression correlates with chemoresistance in more aggressive cancers, and APE1 protein-protein interactions (PPIs) specifically modulate different protein functions in cancer cells. Although important, a detailed investigation on the nature and function of protein interactors regulating APE1 role in tumor progression and chemoresistance is still lacking. The present work was aimed at analyzing the APE1-PPI network with the goal of defining bad prognosis signatures through systematic bioinformatics analysis. By using a well-characterized HeLa cell model stably expressing a flagged APE1 form, which was subjected to extensive proteomics analyses for immunocaptured complexes from different subcellular compartments, we here demonstrate that APE1 is a central hub connecting different subnetworks largely composed of proteins belonging to cancer-associated communities and/or involved in RNA- and DNA-metabolism. When we performed survival analysis in real cancer datasets, we observed that more than 80% of these APE1-PPI network elements is associated with bad prognosis. Our findings, which are hypothesis generating, strongly support the possibility to infer APE1-interactomic signatures associated with bad prognosis of different cancers; they will be of general interest for the future definition of novel predictive disease biomarkers. Future studies will be needed to assess the function of APE1 in the protein complexes we discovered. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD013368.
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang L, Wang B, Quan Z. Identification of aberrantly methylated‑differentially expressed genes and gene ontology in prostate cancer. Mol Med Rep 2019; 21:744-758. [PMID: 31974616 PMCID: PMC6947816 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequent urological malignancy in men worldwide. DNA methylation has an essential role in the etiology and pathogenesis of PCa. The purpose of the present study was to identify the aberrantly methylated-differentially expressed genes and to determine their potential roles in PCa. The important node genes identified were screened by integrated analysis. Gene expression microarrays and gene methylation microarrays were downloaded and aberrantly methylated-differentially expressed genes were obtained. Enrichment analysis and protein-protein interactions (PPI) were obtained, their interactive and visual networks were created, and the node genes in the PPI network were validated. A total of 105 hypomethylation-high expression genes and 561 hypermethylation-low expression genes along with their biological processes were identified. The top 10 node genes obtained from the PPI network were identified for each of the two gene groups. The methylation and gene expression status of node genes in TCGA database, GEPIA tool, and the HPA database were generally consistent with those of our results. In conclusion, the present study identified 20 aberrantly methylated-differentially expressed genes in PCa by combining bioinformatics analyses of gene expression and gene methylation microarrays, and concurrently, the survival of these genes was analyzed. Notably, methylation is a reversible biological process, which makes it of great biological significance for the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer using bioinformatics technology to determine abnormal methylation gene markers. The present study provided novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of PCa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linbang Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Bing Wang
- Laboratory of Environmental Monitoring, Shaanxi Province Health Inspection Institution, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710077, P.R. China
| | - Zhengxue Quan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Fishel ML, Xia H, McGeown J, McIlwain DW, Elbanna M, Craft AA, Kaimakliotis HZ, Sandusky GE, Zhang C, Pili R, Kelley MR, Jerde TJ. Antitumor Activity and Mechanistic Characterization of APE1/Ref-1 Inhibitors in Bladder Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 18:1947-1960. [PMID: 31413178 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-18-1166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is the ninth most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Although cisplatin is used routinely in treating bladder cancer, refractory disease remains lethal for many patients. The recent addition of immunotherapy has improved patient outcomes; however, a large cohort of patients does not respond to these treatments. Therefore, identification of innovative molecular targets for bladder cancer is crucial. Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/redox factor-1 (APE1/Ref-1) is a multifunctional protein involved in both DNA repair and activation of transcription factors through reduction-oxidation (redox) regulation. High APE1/Ref-1 expression is associated with shorter patient survival time in many cancer types. In this study, we found high APE1/Ref-1 expression in human bladder cancer tissue relative to benign urothelium. Inhibition of APE1/Ref-1 redox signaling using APE1/Ref-1-specific inhibitors attenuates bladder cancer cell proliferation in monolayer, in three-dimensional cultures, and in vivo. This inhibition corresponds with an increase in apoptosis and decreased transcriptional activity of NF-κB and STAT3, transcription factors known to be regulated by APE1/Ref-1, resulting in decreased expression of downstream effectors survivin and Cyclin D1 in vitro and in vivo. We also demonstrate that in vitro treatment of bladder cancer cells with APE1/Ref-1 redox inhibitors in combination with standard-of-care chemotherapy cisplatin is more effective than cisplatin alone at inhibiting cell proliferation. Collectively, our data demonstrate that APE1/Ref-1 is a viable drug target for the treatment of bladder cancer, provide a mechanism of APE1/Ref-1 action in bladder cancer cells, and support the use of novel redox-selective APE1/Ref-1 inhibitors in clinical studies. SIGNIFICANCE: This work identifies a critical mechanism for APE1/Ref-1 in bladder cancer growth and provides compelling preclinical data using selective redox activity inhibitors of APE1/Ref-1 in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa L Fishel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Department of Pediatrics, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Hanyu Xia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Jack McGeown
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland
| | - David W McIlwain
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Department of Pediatrics, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - May Elbanna
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Ariel A Craft
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | | | - George E Sandusky
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Roberto Pili
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Department of Urology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Mark R Kelley
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Department of Pediatrics, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Travis J Jerde
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana. .,Department of Urology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang HT, Tong X, Zhang ZX, Sun YY, Yan W, Xu ZM, Fu WN. MYCT1 represses apoptosis of laryngeal cancerous cells through the MAX/miR-181a/NPM1 pathway. FEBS J 2019; 286:3892-3908. [PMID: 31152622 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
MYCT1 is an important gene known to regulate cell viability and apoptosis of laryngeal cancer cells. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. Here, we show that MAX enhances the expression of miR-181a by directly binding to its promoter, whereas miR-181a targets NPM1 and suppresses its expression in laryngeal cancer cells. MYCT1 and miR-181a decrease cell viability and colony formation through enhanced apoptosis, whereas NPM1 displays opposite effects in laryngeal cancer cells. Their opposing functions are further supported by the findings (a) that miR-181a is down-regulated, while NPM1 is up-regulated in laryngeal cancer, and (b) that either inhibition of miR-181a or overexpression of NPM1 can revert the pro-apoptotic effects of MYCT1 on laryngeal cancer cells through extracellular and intracellular apoptotic pathways. Our data suggest that MYCT1 may synergistically interact with MAX as a co-transcription factor or a component of MAX transcriptional complex, to transcriptionally regulate the expression of miR-181a, which, in turn, decreases NPM1 expression at post-transcriptional levels, leading to enhanced apoptosis in laryngeal cancer cells. These factors may serve as potential targets for early diagnosis and treatment of laryngeal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- He-Tan Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xue Tong
- Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhao-Xiong Zhang
- Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Sun
- Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Zhen-Ming Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology, the Fourth People's Hospital of Shenyang City, China
| | - Wei-Neng Fu
- Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Trilles R, Beglov D, Chen Q, He H, Wireman R, Reed A, Chennamadhavuni S, Panek JS, Brown LE, Vajda S, Porco JA, Kelley MR, Georgiadis MM. Discovery of Macrocyclic Inhibitors of Apurinic/Apyrimidinic Endonuclease 1. J Med Chem 2019; 62:1971-1988. [PMID: 30653918 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) is an essential base excision repair enzyme that is upregulated in a number of cancers, contributes to resistance of tumors treated with DNA-alkylating or -oxidizing agents, and has recently been identified as an important therapeutic target. In this work, we identified hot spots for binding of small organic molecules experimentally in high resolution crystal structures of APE1 and computationally through the use of FTMAP analysis ( http://ftmap.bu.edu/ ). Guided by these hot spots, a library of drug-like macrocycles was docked and then screened for inhibition of APE1 endonuclease activity. In an iterative process, hot-spot-guided docking, characterization of inhibition of APE1 endonuclease, and cytotoxicity of cancer cells were used to design next generation macrocycles. To assess target selectivity in cells, selected macrocycles were analyzed for modulation of DNA damage. Taken together, our studies suggest that macrocycles represent a promising class of compounds for inhibition of APE1 in cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Trilles
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD) , Boston University , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
| | - Dmitri Beglov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering , Boston University , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Spandan Chennamadhavuni
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD) , Boston University , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
| | - James S Panek
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD) , Boston University , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
| | - Lauren E Brown
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD) , Boston University , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
| | - Sandor Vajda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering , Boston University , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
| | - John A Porco
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD) , Boston University , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
| | | | - Millie M Georgiadis
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Purdue School of Science , Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis , Indianapolis , Indiana 46202 , United States
| |
Collapse
|