1
|
Garcia-Gutierrez E, Cotter PD. Relevance of organ(s)-on-a-chip systems to the investigation of food-gut microbiota-host interactions. Crit Rev Microbiol 2021; 48:463-488. [PMID: 34591726 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2021.1979933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The ever greater understanding of the composition and function of the gut microbiome has provided new opportunities with respect to understanding and treating human disease. However, the models employed for in vitro and in vivo animal studies do not always provide the required insights. As a result, one such alternative in vitro cell culture based system, organ-on-a-chip technology, has recently attracted attention as a means of obtaining data that is representative of responses in humans. Organ-on-a-chip systems are designed to mimic the interactions of different tissue elements that were missing from traditional two-dimensional tissue culture. While they do not traditionally include a microbiota component, organ-on-a-chip systems provide a potentially valuable means of characterising the interactions between the microbiome and human tissues with a view to providing even greater accuracy. From a dietary perspective, these microbiota-organ-on-a-chip combinations can help researchers to predict how the consumption of specific foods and ingredients can impact on human health and disease. We provide an overview of the relevance and interactions of the gut microbiota and the diet in human health, we summarise the components involved in the organ-on-a-chip systems, how these systems have been employed for microbiota based studies and their potential relevance to study the interplay between food-gut microbiota-host interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul D Cotter
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Ireland.,APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,VistaMilk SFI Research Centre, Moorepark, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Al-Yassir F, Khoder G, Sugathan S, Saseedharan P, Al Menhali A, Karam SM. Modulation of Stem Cell Progeny by Probiotics during Regeneration of Gastric Mucosal Erosions. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10070596. [PMID: 34203400 PMCID: PMC8301058 DOI: 10.3390/biology10070596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Patients with gastric mucosal erosions are predisposed to chronic gastritis, ulcer or even cancer. The repair of mucosal erosions involves several events including proliferation of gastric epithelial stem cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the probiotic mixture of De Simone Formulation on gastric epithelial stem cell lineages in mouse models of gastric mucosal erosions. Gastric erosions were induced by a single oral gavage of 80% ethanol containing 15 mg/mL acetylsalicylic acid (5 mL/kg) following a daily dose of probiotic mixture (5 mg/day/mouse) for 10 days. In another protocol, erosions were induced by a daily gavage of acetylsalicylic acid (400 mg/kg/day/mouse) for 5 days before or after daily administration of probiotic mixture for 5 days. Control mice received water gavage for 10 days. All mice were injected with bromodeoxyuridine two hours before sacrifice to label S-phase cells. The stomachs of all mice were processed for histological examination, lectin binding, and immunohistochemical analysis. The results reveal that mice that received probiotics before or after the induction of erosion showed a decrease in erosion index with an increase in gastric epithelial stem/progenitor cell proliferation and enhanced production of mucus, trefoil factors, and ghrelin by mucous and enteroendocrine cell lineages. These mice also showed restoration of the amount of H+,K+-ATPase and pepsinogen involved in the production of the harsh acidic environment by parietal and chief cell lineages. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the beneficial effects of probiotics against gastric mucosal erosion and highlights the involvement and modulation of proliferative stem cells and their multiple glandular epithelial cell lineages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farah Al-Yassir
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates; (F.A.-Y.); (S.S.); (P.S.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Debbieh Campus, Beirut Arab University, P.O. Box 11-50-20 Riad El Solh 11072809, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ghalia Khoder
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: (G.K.); (A.A.M.); (S.M.K.); Tel.: +971-3-713-7493 (S.M.K.)
| | - Subi Sugathan
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates; (F.A.-Y.); (S.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Prashanth Saseedharan
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates; (F.A.-Y.); (S.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Asma Al Menhali
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Research Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: (G.K.); (A.A.M.); (S.M.K.); Tel.: +971-3-713-7493 (S.M.K.)
| | - Sherif M. Karam
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates; (F.A.-Y.); (S.S.); (P.S.)
- Zayed Research Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: (G.K.); (A.A.M.); (S.M.K.); Tel.: +971-3-713-7493 (S.M.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Prevention of Severe Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction Through a Single-Species Probiotics is Associated With the Activation of Microbiome-Mediated Glutamate-Glutamine Biosynthesis. Shock 2020; 55:128-137. [PMID: 32694391 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH), the leading complication in the intensive care unit, significantly disturbs the gut microbial composition by decreasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and increasing the relative abundance of opportunistic infectious bacteria. METHODS To evaluate the preventative effect of Lactobacillus-based probiotics on IAH-induced intestinal barrier damages, a single-species probiotics (L92) and a multispecies probiotics (VSL#3) were introduced orally to Sprague-Dawley rats for 7 days before inducing IAH. The intestinal histology and permeability to macromolecules (fluoresceine isothiocyanate, FITC-dextran, N = 8 for each group), the parameters of immunomodulatory and oxidative responses [monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-10 (IL-10), malonaldehyde, glutathione peroxidase (GSH- Px), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase; N = 4 for each group], and the microbiome profiling (N = 4 for each group) were analyzed. RESULTS Seven-day pretreatments of L92 significantly alleviated the IAH-induced increase in intestinal permeability to FITC-dextran and histological damage (P < 0.0001), accompanied with the suppression of inflammatory and oxidative activation. The increase of MCP-1 and IL-1β was significantly inhibited (P < 0.05); the anti-inflammatory cytokines, IL-4, and IL-10 were maintained at high levels; and the suppression of CAT (P < 0.05) was significantly reversed when pretreated with L92. On the contrary, no significant protective effects were observed in the VSL#3-pretreated group. Among the 84 identified species, 260 MetaCyc pathways, and 217 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways, the protective effects of L92 were correlated with an increased relative abundance of Bacteroides finegoldii, Odoribacter splanchnicus, and the global activation of amino acid biosynthesis pathways, especially the glutamate-glutamine biosynthesis pathway. CONCLUSIONS Seven-day pretreatment with a single-species probiotics can prevent IAH-induced severe intestinal barrier dysfunction, potentially through microbial modulation.
Collapse
|
4
|
Barreiro-de Acosta M, Marín-Jimenez I, Rodríguez-Lago I, Guarner F, Espín E, Ferrer Bradley I, Gutiérrez A, Beltrán B, Chaparro M, Gisbert JP, Nos P. Recommendations of the Spanish Working Group on Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis (GETECCU) on pouchitis in ulcerative colitis. Part 2: Treatment. GASTROENTEROLOGIA Y HEPATOLOGIA 2020; 43:649-658. [PMID: 32600917 DOI: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2020.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Pouchitis treatment is a complex entity that requires a close medical and surgical relationship. The elective treatment for acute pouchitis is antibiotics. After a first episode of pouchitis it is recommended prophylaxis therapy with a probiotic mix, nevertheless it is not clear the use of this formulation for preventing a first episode of pouchitis after surgery. First-line treatment for chronic pouchitis is an antibiotic combination. The next step in treatment should be oral budesonide. Selected cases of severe, chronic refractory pouchitis may benefit from biologic agents, and anti-TNF α should be recommended as the first option, leaving the new biologicals for multi-refractory patients. Permanent ileostomy may be an option in severe refractory cases to medical treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Barreiro-de Acosta
- Unidad EII, Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, España.
| | - Ignacio Marín-Jimenez
- Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España
| | - Iago Rodríguez-Lago
- Unidad de EII, Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital de Galdakao, Galdakao, España; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biocruces Bizkaia, Barakaldo, España
| | - Francisco Guarner
- Grupo de Fisiología y Fisiopatología Digestiva, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, España
| | - Eloy Espín
- Unidad de Cirugía Colorrectal, Servicio de Cirugía General, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
| | | | - Ana Gutiérrez
- Servicio de Medicina Digestiva, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, España; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España
| | - Belén Beltrán
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España; Unidad de EII, Servicio de Medicina Digestiva, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, España
| | - María Chaparro
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España; Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - Javier P Gisbert
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España; Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - Pilar Nos
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España; Unidad de EII, Servicio de Medicina Digestiva, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, España
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio De Simone
- Faculty of Medicine, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.,Chateau d'Oex, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Khoder G, Al-Yassir F, Al Menhali A, Saseedharan P, Sugathan S, Tomasetto C, Karam SM. Probiotics Upregulate Trefoil Factors and Downregulate Pepsinogen in the Mouse Stomach. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20163901. [PMID: 31405107 PMCID: PMC6719917 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are used in the management of some gastrointestinal diseases. However, little is known about their effects on normal gastric epithelial biology. The aim of this study was to explore how the probiotic mixture VSL#3 affects gastric cell lineages in mice with a special focus on protective and aggressive factors. Weight-matching littermate male mice (n = 14) were divided into treated and control pairs. The treated mice received VSL#3 (5 mg/day/mouse) by gastric gavage for 10 days. Control mice received only the vehicle. Food consumption and bodyweight were monitored. All mice were injected intraperitoneally with bromodeoxyuridine (120 mg/Kg bodyweight) two hours before sacrificed to label S-phase cells. Stomach tissues were processed for lectin- and immunohistochemical examination. ImageJ software was used to quantify immunolabeled gastric epithelial cells. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to provide relative changes in expression of gastric cell lineages specific genes. Results revealed that treated mice acquired (i) increased production of mucus, trefoil factor (TFF) 1 and TFF2, (ii) decreased production of pepsinogen, and (iii) increased ghrelin-secreting cells. No significant changes were observed in bodyweight, food consumption, cell proliferation, or parietal cells. Therefore, VSL#3 administration amplifies specific cell types specialized in the protection of the gastric epithelium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghalia Khoder
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceuticals Technology, College of Pharmacy, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE
| | - Farah Al-Yassir
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, AlAin 17666, UAE
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Debbieh Campus PO Box 11-50-20 Riad El Solh, Beirut 11072809, Lebanon
| | - Asma Al Menhali
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain 15551, UAE
| | - Prashanth Saseedharan
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, AlAin 17666, UAE
| | - Subi Sugathan
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, AlAin 17666, UAE
| | - Catherine Tomasetto
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1258, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR7104, Université de Strasbourg, F-67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Sherif M Karam
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, AlAin 17666, UAE.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mezzina N, Campbell Davies SE, Ardizzone S. Nonbiological therapeutic management of ulcerative colitis. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2018; 19:1747-1757. [DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2018.1525361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Mezzina
- Gastrointestinal Unit, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco – Department of Biochemical and Clinical Sciences “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Sandro Ardizzone
- Gastrointestinal Unit, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco – Department of Biochemical and Clinical Sciences “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|