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Zhang Q, Li J, Huang T, Zhang Y, Xu W, Huang L, Ai H, Yang B. Impacts of Mycoplasma loads and lung lesions on immune and hematological statuses of pigs in an eight-breed cross heterogeneous population. J Anim Sci 2020; 98:5876843. [PMID: 32717077 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skaa235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Developments of pulmonary diseases, often accompanied by infections of bacteria, severely affect the meat production and welfare of pigs. This study investigated 307 pigs at age of 240 d from an eight-breed cross reared under standardized housing conditions for associations among the extent of lung lesions, bacteria load inferred from 16S rRNA sequencing of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, as well as 57 immune cells and 25 hematological traits. We showed that the pigs under study suffered substantial and varied lung lesions, and the Mycoplasma is the most associated bacteria genera. At a false discovery rate of 0.05 (FDR < 0.05), the severity of lung lesions were significantly associated with greater CD8+ to CD3+ cell ratio, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and standard deviation of red blood cell volume distribution width (RDW-SD), and lower CD4-CD8-/CD3+, CD3+CD4-CD8-/PBMCs (peripheral blood mononuclear cells) and CD14-CD16-/PBMCs cell ratios, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, lymphocyte count, and lymphocyte count percentage, reflecting an status of inflammation, immune suppression, and hypoxia of the pigs accompanying the progression of the lung lesions. The Mycoplasma abundance showed positive correlations with neutrophil count, neutrophil count percentage, NLR, monocyte count, coefficient of variation in red blood cell volume distribution width , and RDW-SD, and negative correlations with mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, lymphocyte count, and lymphocyte count percentage; these correlations are largely consistent with those of lung lesions, supporting the comorbidity of lung lesions and Mycoplasma infection. We also observed nonlinear associations that sharp increases in neutrophil count and neutrophil count percentage occurred only when Mycoplasma abundance raised above the population-average level. The results provide helpful insights into the changes of host immune status in response to Mycoplasma relevant lung diseases in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Swine Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory for Swine Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Tao Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Swine Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yifeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Swine Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wenwu Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Swine Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lusheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Swine Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Huashui Ai
- State Key Laboratory for Swine Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bin Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Swine Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
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Sakuma A, Sugawara S, Hidaka H, Nakajo M, Suda Y, Shimazu T, Rose MT, Urakawa M, Zhuang T, Zhao G, Watanabe K, Nochi T, Kitazawa H, Katoh K, Suzuki K, Aso H. IL-12p40 gene expression in lung and hilar lymph nodes of MPS-resistant pigs. Anim Sci J 2020; 91:e13450. [PMID: 32881233 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mycoplasma pneumonia of swine (MPS) is caused by Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M.hp) and is a common chronic respiratory disease of pigs. Recently, a genetically selected variant of the Landrace pig (Miyagino L2) has a lower incidence of pulmonary MPS lesions. We investigated the pathological and immunological characteristics of MPS resistance in these pigs (n = 24) by comparing with the normal landrace pig (control: n = 24). The pathological MPS lung lesion score in MPS-selected landrace pigs was significantly lower than in the control. The gene expression of interleukin (IL)-12p40, which acts as a chemoattractant and a component of the bioactive cytokines IL-12 and IL-23, was significantly higher at the hilar lymph nodes, lung, and spleen in MPS-selected landrace pigs than in control landrace pigs, and these were negatively correlated with the macroscopic MPS lung lesion score. In summary, we demonstrate that resistance against MPS in Miyagino L2 pigs is associated with IL-12p40 up-regulation, in comparison with normal landrace pigs without the MPS vaccine. In addition, a comparative study of macroscopic MPS lung lesions and IL-12p40 gene expression in lung and hilar lymph nodes may lead to beneficial selection traits for the genetic selection for MPS resistance in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Sakuma
- Miyagi Livestock Experimental Station, Osaki, Japan.,Miyagi Prefectural Sendai Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Sendai, Japan.,International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shizuka Sugawara
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hikaru Hidaka
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | | | - Yoshihito Suda
- Department of Food, Agriculture and Environment, Miyagi University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Shimazu
- Department of Food, Agriculture and Environment, Miyagi University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Michael T Rose
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay, TAS, Australia
| | - Megumi Urakawa
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Laboratory of Animal Health Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tao Zhuang
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Laboratory of Animal Health Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Guoqi Zhao
- Institute of Animal Culture Collection and Application, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Kouichi Watanabe
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Laboratory of Animal Health Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomonori Nochi
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Laboratory of Animal Health Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Haruki Kitazawa
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Laboratory of Animal Health Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kazuo Katoh
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Keiichi Suzuki
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hisashi Aso
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology (CFAI), Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Laboratory of Animal Health Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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Shimazu T, Borjigin L, Katoh K, Roh SG, Kitazawa H, Abe K, Suda Y, Saito H, Kunii H, Nihei K, Uemoto Y, Aso H, Suzuki K. Addition of Wakame seaweed (Undaria pinnatifida) stalk to animal feed enhances immune response and improves intestinal microflora in pigs. Anim Sci J 2019; 90:1248-1260. [PMID: 31321863 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of supplementation of Wakame seaweed stalks on the immunity and intestinal microflora of pigs. Three separate experiments were performed: Relatively young (start at 20-30 kg; Experiments 1 and 2) and fattening period (70 kg; Experiment 3). All pigs (including the control group) were fed the same commercial feed, free from antibiotic additives, but in the feed for the treatment groups, 1% seaweed powder was added. There were no group differences observed in daily weight gain and feed intake in Experiments 1 and 2 between groups; however, daily weight gain was significantly higher in the treatment group compared to the control group in Experiment 3. The percentage of peripheral blood natural killer cells of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group in all experiments. Although addition of seaweed changed the gene expression of cytokine and toll-like receptors of the small intestinal Peyer's patches slightly, seaweed seems to alter intestinal microflora preferentially, for instance, there was an increase in Lactobacillus and a decrease of Escherichia coli observed. These results suggest that Wakame seaweed can be used as supplement for pig feed to improve the gut health and immunity of pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Shimazu
- Department of Food, Agriculture and Environment, Miyagi University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Liushiqi Borjigin
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kazuo Katoh
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Sang-Gun Roh
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Haruki Kitazawa
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Keietsu Abe
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Suda
- Department of Food, Agriculture and Environment, Miyagi University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hayato Saito
- Miyagi Prefecture Animal Industry Experiment Station, Oosaki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kunii
- Miyagi Prefecture Animal Industry Experiment Station, Oosaki, Japan
| | - Ken Nihei
- Miyagi Prefecture Fishery Cooperation Union, Ishinomaki, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Uemoto
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hisashi Aso
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Keiichi Suzuki
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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Borjigin L, Shimazu T, Katayama Y, Li M, Satoh T, Watanabe K, Kitazawa H, Roh SG, Aso H, Katoh K, Uchida T, Suda Y, Sakuma A, Nakajo M, Suzuki K. Immunogenic properties of Landrace pigs selected for resistance to mycoplasma pneumonia of swine. Anim Sci J 2015; 87:321-9. [PMID: 26260893 PMCID: PMC7159536 DOI: 10.1111/asj.12440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mycoplasma pneumonia of swine (MPS) lung lesions and immunogenic properties were compared between a Landrace line that was genetically selected for reduced incidence of pulmonary MPS lesions, and a non‐selected Landrace line. The MPS‐selected Landrace line showed significantly lower degrees of pulmonary MPS lesions compared with the non‐selected Landrace line. When changes in immunity before and after vaccination were compared, the percentage of B cells in the peripheral blood of the MPS‐selected Landrace line was significantly lower than that of the non‐selected line. Furthermore, the concentration of growth hormone and the mitogen activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in the MPS‐selected Landrace line showed significantly (P < 0.05) lower increases after vaccination than the non‐selected line. Conversely, the concentration of peripheral blood interferon (IFN)‐γ and salivary immunoglobulin A (IgA) after Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccination was significantly higher in the MPS‐selected Landrace line than in the non‐selected line. Gene expression of toll‐like receptor (TLR)2 and TLR4 was significantly higher in the MPS‐selected Landrace line in immune tissues, with the exception of the hilar lymph nodes. The present results suggest that peripheral blood IFN‐γ, salivary IgA TLR2, and TLR4 are important immunological factors influencing the development of MPS lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liushiqi Borjigin
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Shimazu
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yuki Katayama
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Meihua Li
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takumi Satoh
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kouichi Watanabe
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Haruki Kitazawa
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Sang-gun Roh
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hisashi Aso
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kazuo Katoh
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takafumi Uchida
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Suda
- Department of Food, Agriculture and Environment, Miyagi University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Akiko Sakuma
- Miyagi Prefecture Animal Industry Experiment Station, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Mituru Nakajo
- Miyagi Prefecture Animal Industry Experiment Station, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Keiichi Suzuki
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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