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Mitsuishi H, Yayota M. The Efficacy of β-Carotene in Cow Reproduction: A Review. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2133. [PMID: 39061595 PMCID: PMC11274153 DOI: 10.3390/ani14142133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
β-carotene supplementation improves the reproductive performance of cattle. However, the research results on this topic have been inconsistent, and no clear conclusion has been reached. In previous reviews of this topic, the functional mechanism of β-carotene in reproduction remained unclear, but subsequent studies have shown that the antioxidant effects of β-carotene protect enzymes involved in ovarian sex steroid hormone production from the effects of oxygen radicals. This role consequently affects normal ovarian follicle dynamics, maintenance of luteal function, and the estrous cycle, and indirectly improves reproductive performance by preventing perinatal diseases and facilitating recovery from these diseases. Several factors must be considered in feeding management to determine whether β-carotene supplementation is effective for improving reproductive performance in cows. The same is true when the animal consumes a large amount of the antioxidant β-carotene due to lactation, aging, or season. Therefore, it is important to consider the balance between the supply and consumption of β-carotene and evaluate whether β-carotene supplementation has an effect on reproductive performance in cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Mitsuishi
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan;
| | - Masato Yayota
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
- Education and Research Center for Food Animal Health, Gifu University (GeFAH), Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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Tang L, Li J, Sun B, Bai Y, Zhou X, Chen L. Transcriptomic Interaction between Young Fecal Transplantation and Perfluorobutanesulfonate in Aged Zebrafish Gonads. TOXICS 2022; 10:631. [PMID: 36355923 PMCID: PMC9692687 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10110631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The transfer of young fecal microbiota has been found to significantly refresh the reproductive endocrine system and effectively ameliorate the toxicity of perfluorobutanesulfonate (PFBS) in aged zebrafish recipients. However, the mechanisms underlying the antagonistic action of young fecal microbiota against the reproductive endocrine toxicity of PFBS remain largely unknown. In this study, the aged zebrafish were transplanted with feces from young donors and then exposed to PFBS for 14 days. After exposure, the shift in the transcriptomic fingerprint of the gonads was profiled by using high-throughput sequencing, aiming to provide mechanistic clues into the interactive mode of action between young fecal transplantation and PFBS's innate toxicity. The results showed that the gene transcription pattern associated with protein and lipid synthesis in the gonads of the aged individuals was quite different from the young counterparts. It was intriguing that the transplantation of young feces established a youth-like transcriptomic phenotype in the elderly recipients, thus attenuating the functional decline and maintaining a healthy aging state of the gonads. A sex specificity response was clearly observed. Compared to the aged females, more metabolic pathways (e.g., glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism; glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism; pyrimidine metabolism) were significantly enriched in aged males receiving young feces transplants. PFBS dramatically altered the transcriptome of aged testes, while a much milder effect was observable in aged ovaries. Accordingly, a suite of biological processes related to germ cell proliferation were disrupted by PFBS in aged males, including the ECM-receptor interaction, retinol metabolism, and folate biosynthesis. In aged ovaries exposed to PFBS, mainly the fatty acid and arginine biosynthesis pathway was significantly affected. However, these transcriptomic disorders caused by PFBS were largely mitigated in aged gonads by transferring young feces. Overall, the present findings highlighted the potential of young fecal transplantation to prevent the functional compromise of gonads resulting from aging and PFBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Baili Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yachen Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiangzhen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lianguo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
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Marei WFA, De Bie J, Xhonneux I, Andries S, Britt JH, Leroy JLMR. Metabolic and antioxidant status during transition is associated with changes in the granulosa cell transcriptome in the preovulatory follicle in high-producing dairy cows at the time of breeding. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:6956-6972. [PMID: 35840405 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-21928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we hypothesized that early postpartum (pp) metabolic and oxidative stress conditions in dairy cows (particularly those with severe negative energy balance, NEB) are associated with long-term changes in granulosa cell (GC) functions in the preovulatory follicle at the time of breeding. Blood samples were collected at wk 2 and wk 8 pp from 47 healthy multiparous cows. Follicular fluid (FF) and GC were collected from the preovulatory follicle after estrous synchronization at wk 8. Several metabolic and antioxidant parameters were measured in blood and FF, and their correlations were studied. Subsequently, 27 representative GC samples were selected for RNA sequencing analysis. The GC gene expression data of LH-responsive genes and the estradiol:progesterone ratio in FF were used to identify pre- and post-LH surge cohorts. We compared the transcriptomic profile of subgroups of cows within the highest and lowest quartiles (Q4 vs. Q1) of each parameter, focusing on the pre-LH surge cohort (n = 16, at least 3 in each subgroup). Differentially expressed genes (DEG: adjusted P-value < 0.05, 5% false discovery rate) were determined using DESeq2 analysis and were functionally annotated. Blood and FF β-carotene and vitamin E concentrations at wk 2, but not at wk 8, were associated with the most pronounced transcriptomic differences in the GC, with up to 341 DEG indicative for lower catabolism, increased oxidoreductase activity and signaling cascades that are known to enhance oocyte developmental competence, increased responsiveness to LH, and a higher steroidogenic activity. In contrast, elevated blood NEFA concentrations at wk 2 (and not at wk 8) were associated with a long-term carryover effect detectable in the GC transcriptome at wk 8 (64 DEG). These genes are related to response to lipids and ketones, oxidative stress, and immune responses, which suggests persistent cellular stress and oxidative damage. This effect was more pronounced in cows with antioxidant deficiencies at wk 8 (up to 148 DEG), with more genes involved in oxidative stress-dependent responses, apoptosis, autophagy and catabolic processes, and mitochondrial damage. Interestingly, within the severe NEB cows (high blood NEFA at wk 2), blood antioxidant concentrations (high vs. low) at wk 8 were associated with up to 194 DEG involved in activation of meiosis and other signaling pathways, indicating a better oocyte supportive capacity. This suggests that the cow antioxidant profile at the time of breeding might alleviate, at least in part, the effect of NEB on GC functions. In conclusion, these results provide further evidence that the metabolic and oxidative stress in dairy cows early postpartum can have long-term effects on GC functions in preovulatory follicles at the time of breeding. The interplay between the effects of antioxidants and NEFA illustrated here might be useful to develop intervention strategies to minimize the effect of severe NEB on fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed F A Marei
- Gamete Research Centre, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt.
| | - Jessie De Bie
- Gamete Research Centre, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Inne Xhonneux
- Gamete Research Centre, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Silke Andries
- Gamete Research Centre, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Jack H Britt
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695-7621
| | - Jo L M R Leroy
- Gamete Research Centre, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
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Saito C, Asano S, Kato C, Kobayashi S, Musha A, Kuribayashi H, Moriguchi S, Seto Y, Kawashima T, Kobayashi M, Ishizaki S, Kajikawa H. Nutritional values and antioxidative activities of whole peanuts and peanut skins for ruminant feeds. Anim Sci J 2015; 87:54-60. [DOI: 10.1111/asj.12405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 01/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Saito
- Department of Animal Science and Resources; Nihon University; Fujisawa Japan
| | - Sanae Asano
- Department of Animal Science and Resources; Nihon University; Fujisawa Japan
| | - Chizuko Kato
- Department of Animal Science and Resources; Nihon University; Fujisawa Japan
| | - Shintaro Kobayashi
- Department of Animal Science and Resources; Nihon University; Fujisawa Japan
| | - Ayaka Musha
- Department of Animal Science and Resources; Nihon University; Fujisawa Japan
| | | | - Shouhei Moriguchi
- Department of Animal Science and Resources; Nihon University; Fujisawa Japan
| | - Yuuki Seto
- Department of Animal Science and Resources; Nihon University; Fujisawa Japan
| | - Tasuku Kawashima
- Department of Animal Science and Resources; Nihon University; Fujisawa Japan
| | | | | | - Hiroshi Kajikawa
- Department of Animal Science and Resources; Nihon University; Fujisawa Japan
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Liu J, Ren J, Liu ZM, Guo BH. A new comprehensive index for discriminating adulteration in bovine raw milk. Food Chem 2015; 172:251-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.09.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Revised: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ali A. Seasonal variations of the ovarian activity and pregnancy rate in the Egyptian buffalo cows (Bubalus bubalis). Trop Anim Health Prod 2015; 47:815-8. [PMID: 25778728 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-015-0793-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of season on the follicular and luteal dynamics and pregnancy rate in Egyptian buffaloes. A total of 327 genital tracts and 596 animals were used. The genital tracts were examined in winter (n = 58), spring (n = 179), summer (n = 49), and autumn (n = 41) for follicular population, incidence of presence of developed or mature corpus luteum (CL), and diameters of the preovulatory follicle (OF) and the mature CL. Buffaloes were mated in winter (n = 297) and summer (n = 299) and examined for pregnancy rate. Results showed that the mean number of the large follicles was higher in winter (1.21 ± 0.08 mm) and spring (1.04 ± 0.05 mm) than in summer (0.64 ± 0.1 mm) and autumn (0.78 ± 0.1 mm) (P = 0.0001). Likewise, the mean diameter of the OF was greater in winter (14.71 ± 0.7 mm) and spring (14.36 ± 0.5 mm) than in summer (12.4 ± 0.8 mm) and autumn (12 ± 0.8 mm) (P = 0.02). In addition, the mean diameter of the mature CL was higher in winter (15.8 ± 0.4 mm) and spring (15.5 ± 1.1 mm) than in summer (14.2 ± 1 mm) and autumn (13.2 ± 0.7 mm) (P = 0.003). The incidence of presence of developed or mature CL was lower in summer (69.4 %) than in winter (74.1 %), spring (87.2 %), or autumn (85.4 %) (P = 0.01). Double CLs (0.9 %) were observed only in spring. Ovarian cysts (2.5 %) were detected in winter and spring. The pregnancy rate was higher in buffaloes mated in winter (75.4 %) than in those mated in summer (61.9 %) (P = 0.0004). In conclusion, season affects the ovarian activity and reproductive efficiency of buffaloes, where winter and spring are the optimum seasons for breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ali
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt,
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Isobe N, Iwamoto C, Kubota H, Yoshimura Y. Relationship between the somatic cell count in milk and reproductive function in peripartum dairy cows. J Reprod Dev 2014; 60:433-7. [PMID: 25196356 PMCID: PMC4284317 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2014-065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of the somatic cell count (SCC) in milk on reproductive performance, such as pregnancy status in the prepartum period and ovarian function in the postpartum period, in dairy cows. Blood samples were collected every week from one month prepartum to parturition in order to measure the concentrations of 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-PGF2α (PGFM), estrone sulfate (E1S) and progesterone. Milk samples were collected three times per week in both the prepartum (for one month before the dry period) and postpartum periods (for 3 months immediately after parturition) to measure the SCC. Progesterone was also determined in the whole milk of postpartum cows to define the day of the first ovulation. In the prepartum period, the maximum SCC negatively correlated with the pregnancy period (r = –0.77), but not the calf birth weight. Positive and negative correlations were observed between the average SCC and PGFM or progesterone
concentrations in plasma, respectively (r = 0.84 or –0.92, respectively), at 39 weeks of pregnancy. In the postpartum period, a correlation was observed between the day of the first ovulation and both the average and maximum SCC (r = –0.74 and –0.75, respectively), whereas days open was not related to the SCC. These results suggest that a high SCC in the prepartum period may advance parturition by increasing PGF2α and decreasing progesterone and that the first ovulation in the postpartum period was affected by a high SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Isobe
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
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