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He B, Shi J, Liu K, Cheng J, Wang W, Wang Y, Li A. Evaluation of the Available Energy Value and Amino Acid Digestibility of Brown Rice Stored for 6 Years and Its Application in Pig Diets. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3381. [PMID: 37958136 PMCID: PMC10649413 DOI: 10.3390/ani13213381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term storage may reduce the nutritional quality of brown rice, so the present study aimed to evaluate the nutritional values of long-term-stored nutrition in pig diets. In Exp. 1, 18 Landrace × Yorkshire (L × Y) barrows with an initial body weight (IBW) of 25.48 ± 3.21 kg were randomly assigned to three treatments, including a corn-based diet, one-year-stored brown rice (BR1) diet, and six-year-stored brown rice (BR6) diet, to determine the digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) values of stored brown rice. In Exp. 2, 24 barrows (L × Y; IBW: 22.16 ± 2.42 kg) fixed with ileal T-cannula were randomly allotted to four dietary treatments, including a corn diet, two stored brown rice diets, and a nitrogen-free diet, to evaluate the amino acid (AA) digestibility of the stored brown rice. In Exp. 3 and 4, 108 crossbred weaned piglets (L × Y; IBW: 9.16 ± 0.89 kg) and 90 crossbred growing pigs (L × Y; IBW: 48.28 ± 3.51 kg) were allotted to three treatment diets, including a control diet and two stored brown rice diets, respectively, to investigate the application of stored brown rice in weaned piglets and fully grown pig diets. The results indicated that there was no significant difference in the DE and ME values between corn and stored brown rice (p > 0.05), while the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of arginine, histidine, asparagine + aspartic acid (Asx), and the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of arginine and histidine were higher in the stored brown rice diet compared to the corn diet (p < 0.05). Compared to the corn, the stored brown rice showed no significant effects on growth performance, nutrient-apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD), and serum biochemical indices (p > 0.05) but showed decreased activity in the various digestive enzymes in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum of the weaned piglets (p < 0.05). Also, the stored brown rice diet showed no significant effects on growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality, as well as the fatty acid profiles in the longissimus dorsi muscle of fully grown pigs compared with the corn diet (p > 0.05). In conclusion, the brown rice stored for 6 years under good conditions had no obvious changes in the available energy and nutrient values. Although it may reduce digestive enzyme activity in the small intestines of the piglets, the stored brown rice showed no obvious adverse effects on growth performance and meat quality and can be effectively used in pig diets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yongwei Wang
- Institute of Grain Quality and Nutrition, Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China; (B.H.); (J.S.); (K.L.); (J.C.); (W.W.)
| | - Aike Li
- Institute of Grain Quality and Nutrition, Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China; (B.H.); (J.S.); (K.L.); (J.C.); (W.W.)
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Wu G, Zhou T, Ma P, Xie B, Li W, Gong S, Xue F. Mechanism determination on the interactive effects between host immunity and gut microbiome to resist consecutive hydrogen sulfide inhalation of laying hens. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102694. [PMID: 37119606 PMCID: PMC10173778 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The study aims to investigate the underlying mechanism of the interactions between intestinal microbiota and host immunity-related parameters in response to H2S inhalation of layer hens. A total of 180 healthy 300-day-old Lohmann pink hens with similar body weight were randomly allotted into the control (CON) and the hydrogen sulfide (H2S) treatments for an 8-wk-long feeding procedure. Productive performances, antioxidant capacities, immunity-related parameters, blood metabolites, and cecal microbiota were measured to determine the physiological and gastrointestinal responses to H2S treatment. Results showed that feed intake, egg production, eggshell strength, Haugh unit, and relative yolk weight significantly declined under H2S treatment compared with CON (P < 0.05). Antioxidant and immunity-related parameters showed that glutathione peroxidase, IL-4, and TNF-α contents significantly decreased, whereas contents of IL-1β, IL-2, and IL-6 significantly increased after H2S treatment (P < 0.05). Further metabolic results showed H2S treatment upregulated 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, D-glucopyranuronic acid, deoxyuridine, cholic acid, and mimosine, etc., which mainly enriched into the pyrimidine metabolism, beta-alanine metabolism, valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis, and pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis pathways. Meanwhile, aceturic acid, 9-oxodecenoic acid, palmitoleic acid, lauric acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, and valeric acid mainly contributed to the downregulated metabolites, and enriched into the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, tryptophan metabolism and linoleic metabolism. Moreover, H2S treatment significantly proliferated the relative abundances of Faecalibacterium, Ruminococcaceae, and Streptococcus, while decreased Prevotella, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium, and Campylobacter (P < 0.05). The altered bacteria were functionally enriched in the carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and metabolism of cofactors and vitamins pathways. H2S treatment also significantly downregulated the expression of ZO-1, Claudin 4, and Claudin 7 (P < 0.05). In summary, intestinal microbial communities altered significantly to make proper adaptations in interacting with the host immune systems through the immunity-related metabolites secretion, and epithelial tight-junction-related genes expressions, purposely to regulate the productive performance under hydrogen sulfide inhalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyun Wu
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Animal Health and Safety Production, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tong Zhou
- Hefei BOE Vision-Electronic Technology Co., Ltd., Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Pengyun Ma
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Animal Health and Safety Production, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Binghong Xie
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Animal Health and Safety Production, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wenbin Li
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Animal Health and Safety Production, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shimin Gong
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Animal Health and Safety Production, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Fuguang Xue
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Animal Health and Safety Production, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
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Deng B, Wu J, Liu X, Ma Q, Tao X, Qi K, Diao X, Xu Z. Effects of Extruded Corn with Different Gelatinization Degrees on Feed Preference, Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, and Fecal Microbiota of Weaning Piglets. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:922. [PMID: 36899779 PMCID: PMC10000145 DOI: 10.3390/ani13050922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Preference and performance trials were conducted to investigate the effects of extruded corn with different degrees of gelatinization on the feed preference, growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and fecal microbiota of weaning piglets. In the preference trial, 144 piglets who were 35 days old were weighed and allotted to six treatments with four replications per treatment. Piglets in each treatment group were allowed to choose two of the following four corn-supplemented diets: conventional corn (NC) or extruded corn with low (LEC; 41.82% gelatinization), medium (MEC; 62.60% gelatinization), or high (HEC; 89.93% gelatinization) degrees of gelatinization for 18 days. The results showed that the piglets preferred diets supplemented with a low degree of gelatinization of extruded corn. In the performance trial, 144 piglets who were 35 days old were weighed and allotted into four treatments with six replications per treatment. Piglets in each treatment were fed one of the four diets for 28 days. The results showed that LEC and MEC decreased the feed:gain ratio at 14-28 days and 0-28 days, respectively, and increased the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of crude protein compared with NC. Meanwhile, LEC increased the total protein and globulin content in the plasma on day 14, and MEC increased the ATTD of ether extract (EE) compared with NC. Extruded corn with low and medium degrees of gelatinization increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes at the phylum level and Lactobacillus, Alloprevotella, Prevotellaceae_UCG-03, and Prevotella_2 at the genus level. The results showed that extruded corn can improve feed preference, increase growth performance and nutrient digestibility, and modify gut microbiota, and the ideal degree of gelatinization is approximately 41.82-62.60%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Deng
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Animal Science and Technology College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Qian Ma
- Animal Science and Technology College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Xin Tao
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Keke Qi
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Xinping Diao
- Animal Science and Technology College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Ziwei Xu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
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Yao W, Yu X, Zhou Y, Han Y, Li S, Yin X, Huang X, Huang F. Effects of different processing techniques of broken rice on processing quality of pellet feed, nutrient digestibility, and gut microbiota of weaned piglets. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skad158. [PMID: 37184888 PMCID: PMC10237224 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was conducted to assess the effect of different processing techniques of broken rice on processing quality of pellet feed, growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood biochemical parameters, and fecal microbiota of weaned piglets. A total of 400 crossbred piglets (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) with a mean initial body weight (BW) of 7.24 ± 0.52 kg were used in a 28-d experiment. Piglets were randomly distributed to one of 4 treatment and 10 replicate pens per treatment, with 10 piglets per pen. The dietary treatments were as follows: CON, corn as the main cereal type in the dietary; BR, 70% of the corn replaced by broken rice; ETBR, 70% of the corn replaced by extruded broken rice; EPBR, 70% of the corn replaced by expanded broken rice. Extruded broken rice and expanded broken rice supplementation significantly (P < 0.05) increased hardness, pellet durability index, crispness, and starch gelatinization degree. Extruded broken rice and expanded broken rice generated a higher (P < 0.05) average daily feed intake, increased (P < 0.05) average daily gain, decreased (P < 0.05) feed conversion ratio, and lowered (P < 0.05) the diarrhea rate. Piglets fed extruded broken rice displayed high apparent total tract digestibility levels of dry matter (P < 0.05), gross energy (P < 0.05), crude protein (P < 0.05), and organic matter (P < 0.05). In addition, extruded broken rice and expanded broken rice supplementation had increased Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium levels in gut, whereas a lower abundance of the potential pathogens Clostridium_sensu_strictio_1 and Streptococcus was observed. Dietary supplementation of extruded broken rice and expanded broken rice failed to show significant effects on blood biochemical parameters. Combined, 70% corn substituted with broken rice failed to show significant effects. Collectively, extruded broken rice and expanded broken rice supplementation had positively enhanced the pellet quality, growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and gut microbiota of weaned piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilei Yao
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xinhong Yu
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yanxu Han
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shimin Li
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xinyi Yin
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xinlei Huang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Feiruo Huang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan 430070, China
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Zhuo Y, Huang Y, He J, Hua L, Xu S, Li J, Che L, Lin Y, Feng B, Wu D. Effects of Corn and Broken Rice Extrusion on the Feed Intake, Nutrient Digestibility, and Gut Microbiota of Weaned Piglets. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12070818. [PMID: 35405808 PMCID: PMC8997032 DOI: 10.3390/ani12070818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Extruded cereals are largely used in newly weaned piglet diets to increase nutrient digestibility and palatability. Our findings showed that corn and broken rice extrusion diets generated negative effects on average daily feed intake (−63.5 g/day, p = 0.054) and average daily gain (−60.6 g/d, p = 0.015) in weaned piglets. Decreased feed intake was associated with increased plasma levels of the gut-derived hormones, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY), which may have been attributed to increased microbiota pathogen abundance, including Sarcina, Clostridium_sensu_strictio_1, and Terrisporobacter, and decreased short-chain fatty acid-producing microbiota, such as Lactobaillaceae and Bifidobateriaceae. Our results showed that extruded cereals should be used cautiously when formulating diets for newly weaned piglets. Abstract In this study, we investigated the effects of corn and rice extrusion diets on feed intake, nutrient digestibility, and gut microbiota in weaned piglets. Animals were divided into four dietary groups and fed a controlled diet containing (1) 62.17% corn (CORN), 15% soybean, 10% extruded full-fat soybean, and 6% fishmeal (2) half the corn replaced by extruded corn (ECORN), (3) broken rice (RICE), and (4) extruded broken rice (ERICE) for 28 days. Rice supplementation increased dry matter total tract digestibility and gross energy. Extruded cereals generated a lower average daily feed intake (ADFI) at 15–28 and 1–28 days, decreased average daily growth (ADG) at 15–28 and 1–28 days, and a lowered body weight (BW) on day 28, regardless of cereal type. Dietary extruded cereals increased the appetite-regulating hormones glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY). Piglets fed extruded cereals displayed low short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels in plasma and low Lactobaillaceae and Bifidobateriaceae levels in feces, whereas a higher abundance of the potential pathogens Sarcina, Clostridium_sensu_strictio_1 and Terrisporobacter was observed. Piglets fed extruded cereals displayed significantly lower gas and SCFA levels during in vitro fermentation. Combined, 50% corn substituted with extruded corn or broken rice decreased piglet growth performance, possibly by altering their microbiota.
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Digestibility of amino acids, fiber, and energy by growing pigs, and concentrations of digestible and metabolizable energy in yellow dent corn, hard red winter wheat, and sorghum may be influenced by extrusion. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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de Barros Ranke FF, Shinya TY, de Figueiredo FC, Fernández Núñez EG, Cabral H, de Oliva Neto P. Ethanol from rice byproduct using amylases secreted by Rhizopus microsporus var. oligosporus. Enzyme partial purification and characterization. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 266:110591. [PMID: 32392142 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A three-stage bioethanol bioprocess was developed. Firstly, amylases were obtained from Rhizopus microsporus var. oligosporus using wheat bran in solid-state fermentation. Secondly, amylases hydrolyzed a rice byproduct to make a glucose-rich solution, and this sugar was finally metabolized by Saccharomyces cerevisiae to produce bioethanol. Besides, the secreted enzymes were also partially purified and characterized. The amylase activity (AA) in the crude extract was 358 U/g substrate, and the partially purified enzyme showed the best activity in the 4.0-5.5 pH range. A wide pH stability range (3.5-8.5) was confirmed. The amylase was thermostable up to 60 °C. The ion Mn+2 (10 mM) improved by 60% the AA. There was a 54.9% yield in the conversion of rice residues into reducing sugars in 10 h. The glucose-rich solution was undergone fermentation by S. cerevisiae and showed high ethanol efficiency, 95.8% of the theoretical value. These results suggested a promising technology for bioethanol production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiane Fernanda de Barros Ranke
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Industrial - Instituto de Pesquisa em Bioenergia (IPBEN), Departamento de Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Campus Assis, Avenida Dom Antônio, 2100, 19806-900, Assis, SP, Brazil
| | - Thais Yumi Shinya
- Universidade Estadual do Piauí, Campus Heróis do Jenipapo, Campo Maior, PI, Brazil
| | - Franciane Cristina de Figueiredo
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Industrial - Instituto de Pesquisa em Bioenergia (IPBEN), Departamento de Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Campus Assis, Avenida Dom Antônio, 2100, 19806-900, Assis, SP, Brazil
| | - Eutimio Gustavo Fernández Núñez
- Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades (EACH), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Rua Arlindo Bettio,1000, Vila Guaraciaba, 03828-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Hamilton Cabral
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Enzimática Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida do Café, s/n, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Pedro de Oliva Neto
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Industrial - Instituto de Pesquisa em Bioenergia (IPBEN), Departamento de Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Campus Assis, Avenida Dom Antônio, 2100, 19806-900, Assis, SP, Brazil
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Nunes LV, de Barros Correa FF, de Oliva Neto P, Mayer CRM, Escaramboni B, Campioni TS, de Barros NR, Herculano RD, Fernández Núñez EG. Lactic acid production from submerged fermentation of broken rice using undefined mixed culture. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 33:79. [PMID: 28341908 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-017-2240-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The present work aimed to characterize and optimize the submerged fermentation of broken rice for lactic acid (LA) production using undefined mixed culture from dewatered activated sludge. A microorganism with amylolytic activity, which also produces LA, Lactobacillus amylovorus, was used as a control to assess the extent of mixed culture on LA yield. Three level full factorial designs were performed to optimize and define the influence of fermentation temperature (20-50 °C), gelatinization time (30-60 min) and broken rice concentration in culture medium (40-80 g L-1) on LA production in pure and undefined mixed culture. LA production in mixed culture (9.76 g L-1) increased in sixfold respect to pure culture in optimal assessed experimental conditions. The optimal conditions for maximizing LA yield in mixed culture bioprocess were 31 °C temperature, 45 min gelatinization time and 79 g L-1 broken rice concentration in culture medium. This study demonstrated the positive effect of undefined mixed culture from dewatered activated sludge to produce LA from culture medium formulated with broken rice. In addition, this work establishes the basis for an efficient and low-cost bioprocess to manufacture LA from this booming agro-industrial by-product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Varela Nunes
- Grupo de Engenharia de Bioprocessos, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho' Campus-Assis, Avenida Dom Antônio, 2100, Assis, SP, 19806-900, Brazil
| | - Fabiane Fernanda de Barros Correa
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Industrial, Departamento de Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho' Campus-Assis, Avenida Dom Antônio, 2100, Assis, SP, 19806-900, Brazil
| | - Pedro de Oliva Neto
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Industrial, Departamento de Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho' Campus-Assis, Avenida Dom Antônio, 2100, Assis, SP, 19806-900, Brazil
| | - Cassia Roberta Malacrida Mayer
- Laboratório de Química de Alimentos e Nanobiotecnologia, Departamento de Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Campus-Assis, Avenida Dom Antonio 2100, Bairro Parque Universitário, Assis, SP, 19806-900, Brazil
| | - Bruna Escaramboni
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Industrial, Departamento de Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho' Campus-Assis, Avenida Dom Antônio, 2100, Assis, SP, 19806-900, Brazil
| | - Tania Sila Campioni
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Industrial, Departamento de Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho' Campus-Assis, Avenida Dom Antônio, 2100, Assis, SP, 19806-900, Brazil
| | - Natan Roberto de Barros
- Instituo de Química - Araraquara, Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho' Campus-Araraquara, Rua Professor Francisco Degni, 55, Araraquara, SP, 14800-900, Brazil
| | - Rondinelli Donizetti Herculano
- Instituo de Química - Araraquara, Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho' Campus-Araraquara, Rua Professor Francisco Degni, 55, Araraquara, SP, 14800-900, Brazil
| | - Eutimio Gustavo Fernández Núñez
- Grupo de Engenharia de Bioprocessos, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho' Campus-Assis, Avenida Dom Antônio, 2100, Assis, SP, 19806-900, Brazil.
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas (CCNH), Universidade Federal do ABC, Avenida dos Estados, 5001, Santo André, SP, 09210-580, Brazil.
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