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Lin QY, Du JJ, Xu H, Lv MK, Xu L, Li J, Cao ZH. Effects of fecal microbial transplantation on police performance and transportation stress in Kunming police dogs. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:46. [PMID: 38183474 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12935-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been shown to improve gut dysbiosis in dogs; however, it has not completely been understood in police dogs. This study aimed to investigate the effects of FMT on performance and gut microflora in Kunming police dogs. Twenty Wolf Cyan dogs were randomly assigned to receive physiological saline or fecal suspension at low, medium, or high doses through oral gavage for 14 days. Growth performance, police performance, serum biochemical profiling, and gut microflora were determined 2-week post-FMT. Dogs after FMT treatment were also subjected to an hour road transportation and then were evaluated for serum stress indicators. Overall, FMT enhanced the growth performance and alleviated diarrhea rate in Kunming dogs with the greatest effects occurring in the low dose FMT (KML) group. The improvement of FMT on police performance was also determined. These above alterations were accompanied by changed serum biochemical parameters as indicated by elevated total protein and albumin and reduced total cholesterol and glycerol. Furthermore, the serum stress indicators after road transportation in dog post-FMT significantly decreased. Increased bacterial diversity and modified bacterial composition were found in the feces of dogs receiving FMT. The fecal samples from FMT dogs were characterized by higher abundances of the genera Lactobacillus, Prevotella, and Fusobacterium and lower concentrations of Cetobacterium, Allobaculum, Bifidobacterium, and Streptococcus. The present study supports a potential benefit of FMT on police performance in Kunming dogs. KEY POINTS: • FMT improves the growth performance and reduces diarrhea rates in Kunming police dogs. • FMT alleviates the serum stress profiles after road transportation in Kunming police dogs. • FMT modifies the gut microbiota composition of Kunming police dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Ye Lin
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Heilongtan, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Jing Du
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Heilongtan, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Hu Xu
- Kunming Police Dog Base of the Ministry of Public Security, Heilongtan, Kunming, 650204, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Kui Lv
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Heilongtan, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Xu
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Heilongtan, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Li
- Kunming Police Dog Base of the Ministry of Public Security, Heilongtan, Kunming, 650204, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhen-Hui Cao
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Heilongtan, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China.
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Heilongtan, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China.
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Schrank M, Sozzi M, Mollo A. Prevalence of cesarean sections in swiss Bernese Mountain Dogs (2001-2020) and identification of risk factors. Acta Vet Scand 2022; 64:42. [PMID: 36577988 PMCID: PMC9798685 DOI: 10.1186/s13028-022-00664-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dystocia is an important limiting factor in animal breeding due to its cost, stress for the mother and risk of death for the neonates. Assessment of incidence and characteristics of dystocia and the inherent risk of Cesarean section are of major importance. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the reproductive performance of Bernese Mountain Dogs in Switzerland, with a particular focus on the prevalence of Cesarean sections due to dystocia, and identification of possible risk factors. RESULTS The investigated population included 401 bitches, 207 sires, and 1127 litters. Litter size was significantly influenced by age and parity of the dam. Incidence of Cesarean section was 30.4%, with 2.0% of procedures being elective. History of previous Cesarean section, age of the dam, and a small litter size significantly influenced the risk for Cesarean section. The stillbirth rate was 12.0%, and the number of stillborn pups was significantly higher for litters delivered by Cesarean sections after birth of the first pup. The inbreeding coefficient had a low to non-significant impact on all reproductive parameters (e.g., litter size, number of stillborn pups). CONCLUSION The sample of Bernese Mountain Dogs of our study had an increased prevalence of Cesarean sections compared to the literature, and advanced age of the dam, litter size and prior Cesarean sections in the dam's reproductive history was identified as significantly influencing factors. In order to improve pups' survival rate, elective Cesarean section may be indicated in bitches that have had a previous Cesarean-section/s, are of advanced age, and/or have a small litter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Schrank
- grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD Italy
| | - Marco Sozzi
- grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD Italy
| | - Antonio Mollo
- grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD Italy
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Son YB, Jeong YI, Jeong YW, Hossein MS, Hwang WS. Impact of co-transfer of embryos produced by somatic cell nuclear transfer using two types of donor cells on pregnancy outcomes in dogs. Anim Biosci 2022; 35:1360-1366. [PMID: 35507850 PMCID: PMC9449398 DOI: 10.5713/ab.22.0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The present study analyzed the influence of co-transferring embryos with high and low cloning efficiencies produced via somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) on pregnancy outcomes in dogs. Methods Cloned dogs were produced by SCNT using donor cells derived from a Tibetan Mastiff (TM) and Toy Poodle (TP). The in vivo developmental capacity of cloned embryos was evaluated. The pregnancy and parturition rates were determined following single transfer of 284 fused oocytes into 21 surrogates and co-transfer of 47 fused oocytes into four surrogates. Results When cloned embryos produced using a single type of donor cell were transferred into surrogates, the pregnancy and live birth rates were significantly higher following transfer of embryos produced using TP donor cells than following transfer of embryos produced using TM donor cells. Next, pregnancy and live birth rates were compared following single and co-transfer of these cloned embryos. The pregnancy and live birth rates were similar upon co-transfer of embryos and single transfer of embryos produced using TP donor cells but were significantly lower upon single transfer of embryos produced using TM donor cells. Furthermore, the parturition rate for TM dogs and the percentage of these dogs that remained alive until weaning was significantly higher upon co-transfer than upon single transfer of embryos. However, there was no difference between the two embryo transfer methods for TP dogs. The mean birth weight of cloned TM dogs was significantly higher upon single transfer than upon co-transfer of embryos. However, the body weight of TM dogs did not significantly differ between the two embryo transfer methods after day 5. Conclusion For cloned embryos with a lower developmental competence, the parturition rate and percentage of dogs that remain alive until weaning are increased when they are co-transferred with cloned embryos with a greater developmental competence.
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Li JX, Huang QG, Wang SZ, Zhou QJ, Gao X, Zhang YP, Wang GD. Behavioral evidence for the origin of Chinese Kunming dog. Curr Zool 2021; 67:469-471. [PMID: 34616944 PMCID: PMC8489011 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoaa081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Xiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - Qing-Guo Huang
- Kunming Police Dog Base of the Chinese Ministry of Public Security, Kunming, 650204, China
| | - Shi-Zhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - Qi-Jun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - Xu Gao
- Harbin Police Dog Training Centre, Heilongjiang General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Ya-Ping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.,Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - Guo-Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.,Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
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Alberghina D, Gioè M, Quartuccio M, Liotta L. The influence of lunar cycle at the time of conception on sex offspring distribution in dogs. Chronobiol Int 2021; 38:1517-1521. [PMID: 34082624 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2021.1933001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The effect of seasonal variation and lunar cycles on reproductive parameters in dogs is unknown. Lunar cycles have important effects on several biological events. Controversy exists about the influence of lunar cycles on offspring sex ratio. This study examined the sex offspring distribution of 973 puppies (48% females and 52% males) from 150 bitches in Italy between 2015 and 2020. A two-way ANOVA followed by post-hoc t-test (Bonferroni correction) was used to analyze the influence of season and lunar phase on offspring sex ratio at conception. Sex offspring distribution was not affected by season, whereas lunar phase had a significant effect (p< .05). During the new moon, the proportion of male puppies born was significantly lower than during the full moon phase (p < .05). We conclude that season had no effect on sex offspring distribution. The new moon phase at conception appeared to be related to a lower male sex ratio at birth. Further studies assessing additional factors will help provide a better understanding of the lunar cycle differences observed in the sex ratio distribution of dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Alberghina
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Mauro Gioè
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Sistema Nervoso e del Comportamento, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Quartuccio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Luigi Liotta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
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Alberghina D, Gioè M, Quartuccio M, Majolino G, Liotta L. Puppy growth rate during early periods of labrador retriever development: role of litter size and photoperiod of birth. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2020.1863869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Alberghina
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Mauro Gioè
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Sistema Nervoso e del Comportamento, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Quartuccio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanni Majolino
- Centro Veterinario Riproduzione Piccoli Animali (CVRPA), Lainate, Italy
| | - Luigi Liotta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
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Schelling C, Gaillard C, Russenberger J, Moseley L, Dolf G. Heritabilities for the puppy weight at birth in Labrador retrievers. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:395. [PMID: 31694632 PMCID: PMC6833269 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-2146-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Weight at birth is an important predictor of neonatal mortality and morbidity in dogs. In addition, the birthweight of the puppies in a litter influences the decision to perform a cesarean section. The goal of the present study was to estimate heritabilities for the puppy birth weight in Labrador retrievers. Results Of the 1138 Labrador retriever litters whelped at the Guiding Eye for the Blind between September 2001 and February 2018, 1013 were included in the analyses after data editing. Puppy weight at birth was the target trait, measured on a continuous scale in pounds, and converted to grams. Linear mixed models were used to identify factors influencing puppy weight at birth. The analyses showed that the sex of the puppy, litter size, length of gestation, adult weight of the dam, parity, year of birth and inbreeding coefficient of the puppies and dams contributed to the variance of the puppy birth weight. Dam and litter effects were included as random effects. A multiple trait derivative free restricted maximum likelihood approach was used to estimate variance components and genetic parameters with two animal models, one without covariates (Model 1) and one with covariates (Model 2). Sex of the puppy and litter size had moderate effects, whereas gestation length, adult weight of the dam, parity, year of birth and inbreeding coefficients of the dam and the puppies had minor effects. Estimates for Model 1 and Model 2 were 0.21 and 0.17 for the direct heritabilities, 0.22 and 0.22 for the maternal additive genetic heritabilities, 0.07 and 0.07 for the maternal permanent environmental proportions, and 0.14 and 0.08 for the environmental proportion of the litter. Conclusions In order to estimate reliable breeding values for puppy weight at birth, sex of puppy, litter size, length of gestation and the adult weight of the dam should be included. Estimates could benefit from weighing the dams prior to each mating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claude Schelling
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Eschikon 27, 8315, Lindau, Switzerland.
| | - Claude Gaillard
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jane Russenberger
- Guiding Eyes for the Blind, 611 Granite Springs Road, Yorktown Heights, NY, 10598, USA
| | - Lou Moseley
- Guiding Eyes for the Blind, 611 Granite Springs Road, Yorktown Heights, NY, 10598, USA
| | - Gaudenz Dolf
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
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Lee SH, Oh HJ, Kim MJ, Kim GA, Setyawan EMN, Ra K, Abdillah DA, Lee BC. Dog cloning-no longer science fiction. Reprod Domest Anim 2019; 53 Suppl 3:133-138. [PMID: 30474338 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Since the generation of world's first cloned dog, Snuppy, in 2005, somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) in dogs has been widely applied for producing several kinds of dogs with specific objectives. Previous studies have demonstrated that cloned dogs show normal characteristics in growth, blood parameters and behavioural aspect. Also, canine SCNT technique has been applied to propagate working dogs with excellent abilities in fields such as assistance of disabled people, drugs detection and rescue activity. Because dogs have similar habituation properties and share many characteristics including anatomic and physiological aspects with humans, they are also primary candidates for human disease models. Recently, transgenic dogs that express red fluorescent protein gene constitutively and green fluorescent protein gene conditionally have been generated. In addition, transgenic dogs with an overexpression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha in specific muscles were generated to enhance physical performance. In 2017, Snuppy was recloned with markedly increased pregnancy and delivery rates compared to the statistics from when Snuppy was first cloned. Such striking improvements in the cloning of dogs using SCNT procedures suggest that dog cloning could be applied in many fields of biomedical science for human diseases research, and the application of cloning is no longer science fiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Hee Lee
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Oh
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon A Kim
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Erif Maha Nugraha Setyawan
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kihae Ra
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dimas Arya Abdillah
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Chun Lee
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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