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Olivieri MAC, Cuerda MX, Moyano RD, Gravisaco MJ, Pinedo MFA, Delgado FO, Calamante G, Mundo S, de la Paz Santangelo M, Romano MI, Alonso MN, Del Medico Zajac MP. Superior protection against paratuberculosis by a heterologous prime-boost immunization in a murine model. Vaccine 2024:S0264-410X(24)00696-0. [PMID: 38880691 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Vaccination is the best strategy to control Paratuberculosis (PTB), which is a significant disease in cattle and sheep. Previously we showed the humoral and cellular immune response induced by a novel vaccine candidate against PTB based on the Argentinian Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map) 6611 strain. To improve 6611 immunogenicity and efficacy, we evaluated this vaccine candidate in mice with two different adjuvants and a heterologous boost with a recombinant modified vaccinia Ankara virus (MVA) expressing the antigen 85A (MVA85A). We observed that boosting with MVA85A did not improve total IgG or specific isotypes in serum induced by one or two doses of 6611 formulated with incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA). However, when 6611 was formulated with ISA201 adjuvant, MVA85A boost enhanced the production of IFNγ, Th1/Th17 cytokines (IL-2, TNF, IL-17A) and IL-6, IL-4 and IL-10. Also, this group showed the highest levels of IgG2b and IgG3 isotypes, both important for better protection against Map infection in the murine model. Finally, the heterologous scheme elicited the highest levels of protection after Map challenge (lowest CFU count and liver lesion score). In conclusion, our results encourage further evaluation of 6611 strain + ISA201 prime and MVA85A boost in bovines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - María Ximena Cuerda
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), INTA-CONICET, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires 1686, Argentina
| | - Roberto Damián Moyano
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), INTA-CONICET, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires 1686, Argentina
| | - María José Gravisaco
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), INTA-CONICET, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires 1686, Argentina
| | - María Fiorella Alvarado Pinedo
- Centro de Diagnóstico e Investigaciones Veterinarias (CEDIVE) de la Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias - Universidad de La Plata, Chascomús, Buenos Aires 7130, Argentina
| | - Fernando Oscar Delgado
- Instituto de Patobiologia Veterinaria (IPV), INTA-CONICET, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires 1686, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Calamante
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), INTA-CONICET, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires 1686, Argentina
| | - Silvia Mundo
- Cátedra de Inmunología de la Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires 1427, Argentina
| | - María de la Paz Santangelo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), INTA-CONICET, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires 1686, Argentina
| | - María Isabel Romano
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), INTA-CONICET, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires 1686, Argentina
| | - María Natalia Alonso
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), INTA-CONICET, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires 1686, Argentina.
| | - María Paula Del Medico Zajac
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), INTA-CONICET, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires 1686, Argentina
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Criado M, Reyes LE, Marín JFG, Gutiérrez-Expósito D, Zapico D, Espinosa J, Pérez V. Adjuvants influence the immune cell populations present at the injection site granuloma induced by whole-cell inactivated paratuberculosis vaccines in sheep. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1284902. [PMID: 38352038 PMCID: PMC10861745 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1284902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Vaccination is the most effective tool for paratuberculosis control. Currently, available vaccines prevent the progression of clinical disease in most animals but do not fully protect them against infection and induce the formation of an injection site granuloma. The precise mechanisms that operate in response to vaccination and granuloma development, as well as the effect that adjuvants could trigger, have not been fully investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the injection site granulomas induced by two inactivated paratuberculosis vaccines, which differ in the adjuvant employed. Two groups of 45-day-old lambs were immunized with two commercially available vaccines-one (n = 4) with Gudair® and the other (n = 4) with Silirum®. A third group (n = 4) was not vaccinated and served as control. The peripheral humoral response was assessed throughout the study by a commercial anti-Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map) antibody indirect ELISA, and the cellular immune response was assessed similarly by the IFN-γ release and comparative intradermal tests. The injection site granulomas were measured during the experiment and sampled at 75 days post-vaccination (dpv) when the animals were euthanized. The tissue damage, antigen and adjuvant distribution, and the presence and amount of immune cells were then determined and assessed by immunohistochemical methods. Antibodies against Map antigens; a general macrophage marker (Iba1), M1 (iNOS), and M2 (CD204) macrophages; T (CD3), B (CD20), and γδ T lymphocytes, proteins MHC-II and NRAMP1, and cytokines IL-4, IL-10, TNF, and IFN-γ were employed. Silirum® elicited a stronger peripheral cellular immune response than Gudair®, while the latter induced larger granulomas and more tissue damage at the site of injection. Additionally, adjuvant and Map antigen distribution throughout the granulomatous inflammatory infiltrate, as well as the NRAMP1 cell expression, which is linked to antigen phagocytosis, were highly irregular. In Silirum® induced granulomas, a higher number of MHC-II and TNF-expressing cells and a lower number of M2 macrophages suggested an improved antigen presentation, which could be due to the better antigen distribution and reduced tissue damage induced by this vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Criado
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, León, Spain
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-ULE), Finca Marzanas-Grulleros, León, Spain
| | - Luis E. Reyes
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Juan F. García Marín
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, León, Spain
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-ULE), Finca Marzanas-Grulleros, León, Spain
| | - Daniel Gutiérrez-Expósito
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, León, Spain
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-ULE), Finca Marzanas-Grulleros, León, Spain
| | - David Zapico
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, León, Spain
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-ULE), Finca Marzanas-Grulleros, León, Spain
| | - José Espinosa
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, León, Spain
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-ULE), Finca Marzanas-Grulleros, León, Spain
| | - Valentín Pérez
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, León, Spain
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-ULE), Finca Marzanas-Grulleros, León, Spain
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Jackson AE. In this issue - March 2019: Clinical review of feline viral diagnosis · Vaccination reactions in experimental sheep · Swimming excercise in Standardbreds · Bone fragments in young Thoroughbreds · Cefovecin in marsupials · Mycobacteriosis in captive brolgas. Aust Vet J 2019; 97:43-44. [PMID: 30809811 DOI: 10.1111/avj.12793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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