1
|
Cannataro VL, Glasmacher KA, Hampson CE. Mutations, substitutions, and selection: Linking mutagenic processes to cancer using evolutionary theory. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167268. [PMID: 38823460 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Cancers are the product of evolutionary events, where molecular variation occurs and accumulates in tissues and tumors. Sequencing of this molecular variation informs not only which variants are driving tumorigenesis, but also the mechanisms behind what is fueling mutagenesis. Both of these details are crucial for preventing premature deaths due to cancer, whether it is by targeting the variants driving the cancer phenotype or by measures to prevent exogenous mutations from contributing to somatic evolution. Here, we review tools to determine both molecular signatures and cancer drivers, and avenues by which these metrics may be linked.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kira A Glasmacher
- Emmanuel College, 400 Fenway, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America
| | - Caralynn E Hampson
- Emmanuel College, 400 Fenway, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Speer RM, Nandi SP, Cooper KL, Zhou X, Yu H, Guo Y, Hudson LG, Alexandrov LB, Liu KJ. Arsenic is a potent co-mutagen of ultraviolet light. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1273. [PMID: 38104187 PMCID: PMC10725444 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05659-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Arsenic enhances the carcinogenicity of ultraviolet radiation (UVR). However, the mechanisms of arsenic-driven oncogenesis are not well understood. Here, we utilize experimental systems to investigate the carcinogenic and mutagenic properties of co-exposure to arsenic and UVR. In vitro and in vivo exposures indicate that, by itself, arsenic is not mutagenic. However, in combination with UVR, arsenic exposure has a synergistic effect leading to an accelerated mouse skin carcinogenesis and to more than 2-fold enrichment of UVR mutational burden. Notably, mutational signature ID13, previously found only in UVR-associated human skin cancers, is observed exclusively in mouse skin tumors and cell lines jointly exposed to arsenic and UVR. This signature was not observed in any model system exposed purely to arsenic or purely to UVR, making ID13, to the best of our knowledge, the first co-exposure signature to be reported using controlled experimental conditions. Analysis of existing skin cancer genomics data reveals that only a subset of cancers harbor ID13 and these exhibit an elevated UVR mutagenesis. Our results report a unique mutational signature caused by a co-exposure to two environmental carcinogens and provide comprehensive evidence that arsenic is a potent co-mutagen and co-carcinogen of UVR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M Speer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87106, USA
| | - Shuvro P Nandi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Karen L Cooper
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87106, USA
| | - Xixi Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87106, USA
| | - Hui Yu
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Yan Guo
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Laurie G Hudson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87106, USA
| | - Ludmil B Alexandrov
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
- Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Ke Jian Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87106, USA.
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Speer RM, Nandi SP, Cooper KL, Zhou X, Yu H, Guo Y, Hudson LG, Alexandrov LB, Liu KJ. Arsenic is a potent co-mutagen of ultraviolet light. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.22.529578. [PMID: 36865271 PMCID: PMC9980120 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.22.529578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Environmental co-exposures are widespread and are major contributors to carcinogenic mechanisms. Two well-established environmental agents causing skin cancer are ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and arsenic. Arsenic is a known co-carcinogen that enhances UVR's carcinogenicity. However, the mechanisms of arsenic co-carcinogenesis are not well understood. In this study, we utilized primary human keratinocytes and a hairless mouse model to investigate the carcinogenic and mutagenic properties of co-exposure to arsenic and UVR. In vitro and in vivo exposures revealed that, on its own, arsenic is neither mutagenic nor carcinogenic. However, in combination with UVR, arsenic exposure has a synergistic effect leading to an accelerated mouse skin carcinogenesis as well as to more than 2-fold enrichment of UVR mutational burden. Notably, mutational signature ID13, previously found only in UVR-associated human skin cancers, was observed exclusively in mouse skin tumors and cell lines jointly exposed to arsenic and UVR. This signature was not observed in any model system exposed purely to arsenic or purely to UVR, making ID13 the first co-exposure signature to be reported using controlled experimental conditions. Analysis of existing genomics data from basal cell carcinomas and melanomas revealed that only a subset of human skin cancers harbor ID13 and, consistent with our experimental observations, these cancers exhibited an elevated UVR mutagenesis. Our results provide the first report of a unique mutational signature caused by a co-exposure to two environmental carcinogens and the first comprehensive evidence that arsenic is a potent co-mutagen and co-carcinogen of UVR. Importantly, our findings suggest that a large proportion of human skin cancers are not formed purely due to UVR exposure but rather due to a co-exposure of UVR and other co-mutagens such as arsenic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M. Speer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
| | - Shuvro P. Nandi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Karen L. Cooper
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
| | - Xixi Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
| | - Hui Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
| | - Yan Guo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
| | - Laurie G. Hudson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
| | - Ludmil B. Alexandrov
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Ke Jian Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhivagui M, Hoda A, Valenzuela N, Yeh YY, Dai J, He Y, Nandi SP, Otlu B, Van Houten B, Alexandrov LB. DNA damage and somatic mutations in mammalian cells after irradiation with a nail polish dryer. Nat Commun 2023; 14:276. [PMID: 36650165 PMCID: PMC9845303 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-35876-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet A light is commonly emitted by UV-nail polish dryers with recent reports suggesting that long-term use may increase the risk for developing skin cancer. However, no experimental evaluation has been conducted to reveal the effect of radiation emitted by UV-nail polish dryers on mammalian cells. Here, we show that irradiation by a UV-nail polish dryer causes high levels of reactive oxygen species, consistent with 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine damage and mitochondrial dysfunction. Analysis of somatic mutations reveals a dose-dependent increase of C:G>A:T substitutions in irradiated samples with mutagenic patterns similar to mutational signatures previously attributed to reactive oxygen species. In summary, this study demonstrates that radiation emitted by UV-nail polish dryers can both damage DNA and permanently engrave mutations on the genomes of primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts, human foreskin fibroblasts, and human epidermal keratinocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Zhivagui
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.,Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Areebah Hoda
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | | | - Yi-Yu Yeh
- Department of Bioengineering, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Jason Dai
- Department of Bioengineering, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Yudou He
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.,Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Shuvro P Nandi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.,Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Burcak Otlu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.,Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Bennett Van Houten
- UPMC-Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Ludmil B Alexandrov
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. .,Department of Bioengineering, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. .,Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Beal MA, Meier MJ, LeBlanc DP, Maurice C, O'Brien JM, Yauk CL, Marchetti F. Chemically induced mutations in a MutaMouse reporter gene inform mechanisms underlying human cancer mutational signatures. Commun Biol 2020; 3:438. [PMID: 32796912 PMCID: PMC7429849 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01174-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Transgenic rodent (TGR) models use bacterial reporter genes to quantify in vivo mutagenesis. Pairing TGR assays with next-generation sequencing (NGS) enables comprehensive mutation pattern analysis to inform mutational mechanisms. We used this approach to identify 2751 independent lacZ mutations in the bone marrow of MutaMouse animals exposed to four chemical mutagens: benzo[a]pyrene, N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea, procarbazine, and triethylenemelamine. We also collected published data for 706 lacZ mutations from eight additional environmental mutagens. We report that lacZ gene sequencing generates chemical-specific mutation signatures observed in human cancers with established environmental causes. For example, the mutation signature of benzo[a]pyrene, a carcinogen present in tobacco smoke, matched the signature associated with tobacco-induced lung cancers. Our results suggest that the analysis of chemically induced mutations in the lacZ gene shortly after exposure provides an effective approach to characterize human-relevant mechanisms of carcinogenesis and propose novel environmental causes of mutation signatures observed in human cancers. Marc A. Beal, Matt J. Meier et al. use a transgenic rodent model with NGS to inform mutational signature analyses. They analyze lacZ mutations from the bone marrow of MutaMouse animals exposed to chemical mutagens. They report that lacZ sequencing generates chemical-specific mutation signatures observed in human cancers with established environmental causes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marc A Beal
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0K9, Canada.,Existing Substances Risk Assessment Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Matthew J Meier
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Danielle P LeBlanc
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Clotilde Maurice
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0K9, Canada.,Existing Substances Risk Assessment Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jason M O'Brien
- National Wildlife Research Centre, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0H3, Canada
| | - Carole L Yauk
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Francesco Marchetti
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0K9, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Melki PN, Korenjak M, Zavadil J. Experimental investigations of carcinogen-induced mutation spectra: Innovation, challenges and future directions. MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2020; 853:503195. [PMID: 32522347 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2020.503195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed an expansion of mutagenesis research focusing on experimentally modeled genome-scale mutational signatures of carcinogens and of endogenous processes. Experimental mutational signatures can explain etiologic links to patterns found in human tumors that may be linked to same exposures, and can serve as biomarkers of exposure history and may even provide insights on causality. A number of innovative exposure models have been employed and reported, based on cells cultured in monolayers or in 3-D, on organoids, induced pluripotent stem cells, non-mammalian organisms, microorganisms and rodent bioassays. Here we discuss some of the latest developments and pros and cons of these experimental systems used in mutational signature analysis. Integrative designs that bring together multiple exposure systems (in vitro, in vivo and in silico pan-cancer data mining) started emerging as powerful tools to identify robust mutational signatures of the tested cancer risk agents. We further propose that devising a new generation of cell-based models is warranted to streamline systematic testing of carcinogen effects on the cell genomes, while seeking to increasingly supplant animal with non-animal systems to address relevant ethical issues and accentuate the 3R principles. We conclude that the knowledge accumulating from the growing body of signature modelling investigations has considerable power to advance cancer etiology studies and to support cancer prevention efforts through streamlined characterization of cancer-causing agents and the recognition of their specific effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pamela N Melki
- Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Michael Korenjak
- Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Jiri Zavadil
- Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, 69008 Lyon, France.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kucab JE, Zou X, Morganella S, Joel M, Nanda AS, Nagy E, Gomez C, Degasperi A, Harris R, Jackson SP, Arlt VM, Phillips DH, Nik-Zainal S. A Compendium of Mutational Signatures of Environmental Agents. Cell 2019; 177:821-836.e16. [PMID: 30982602 PMCID: PMC6506336 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 341] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Whole-genome-sequencing (WGS) of human tumors has revealed distinct mutation patterns that hint at the causative origins of cancer. We examined mutational signatures in 324 WGS human-induced pluripotent stem cells exposed to 79 known or suspected environmental carcinogens. Forty-one yielded characteristic substitution mutational signatures. Some were similar to signatures found in human tumors. Additionally, six agents produced double-substitution signatures and eight produced indel signatures. Investigating mutation asymmetries across genome topography revealed fully functional mismatch and transcription-coupled repair pathways. DNA damage induced by environmental mutagens can be resolved by disparate repair and/or replicative pathways, resulting in an assortment of signature outcomes even for a single agent. This compendium of experimentally induced mutational signatures permits further exploration of roles of environmental agents in cancer etiology and underscores how human stem cell DNA is directly vulnerable to environmental agents. VIDEO ABSTRACT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jill E Kucab
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Xueqing Zou
- Academic Department of Medical Genetics, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 9NB, UK; MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
| | | | - Madeleine Joel
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - A Scott Nanda
- Academic Department of Medical Genetics, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 9NB, UK
| | - Eszter Nagy
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Celine Gomez
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Andrea Degasperi
- Academic Department of Medical Genetics, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 9NB, UK; MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Rebecca Harris
- Academic Department of Medical Genetics, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 9NB, UK; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Stephen P Jackson
- The Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK
| | - Volker M Arlt
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - David H Phillips
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK.
| | - Serena Nik-Zainal
- Academic Department of Medical Genetics, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 9NB, UK; MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhivagui M, Ng AWT, Ardin M, Churchwell MI, Pandey M, Renard C, Villar S, Cahais V, Robitaille A, Bouaoun L, Heguy A, Guyton KZ, Stampfer MR, McKay J, Hollstein M, Olivier M, Rozen SG, Beland FA, Korenjak M, Zavadil J. Experimental and pan-cancer genome analyses reveal widespread contribution of acrylamide exposure to carcinogenesis in humans. Genome Res 2019; 29:521-531. [PMID: 30846532 PMCID: PMC6442384 DOI: 10.1101/gr.242453.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Humans are frequently exposed to acrylamide, a probable human carcinogen found in commonplace sources such as most heated starchy foods or tobacco smoke. Prior evidence has shown that acrylamide causes cancer in rodents, yet epidemiological studies conducted to date are limited and, thus far, have yielded inconclusive data on association of human cancers with acrylamide exposure. In this study, we experimentally identify a novel and unique mutational signature imprinted by acrylamide through the effects of its reactive metabolite glycidamide. We next show that the glycidamide mutational signature is found in a full one-third of approximately 1600 tumor genomes corresponding to 19 human tumor types from 14 organs. The highest enrichment of the glycidamide signature was observed in the cancers of the lung (88% of the interrogated tumors), liver (73%), kidney (>70%), bile duct (57%), cervix (50%), and, to a lesser extent, additional cancer types. Overall, our study reveals an unexpectedly extensive contribution of acrylamide-associated mutagenesis to human cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Zhivagui
- Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon 69008, France
| | - Alvin W T Ng
- Centre for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, 169857, Singapore
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Maude Ardin
- Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon 69008, France
| | - Mona I Churchwell
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, USA
| | - Manuraj Pandey
- Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon 69008, France
| | - Claire Renard
- Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon 69008, France
| | - Stephanie Villar
- Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon 69008, France
| | - Vincent Cahais
- Epigenetics Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon 69008, France
| | - Alexis Robitaille
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon 69008, France
| | - Liacine Bouaoun
- Environment and Radiation Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon 69008, France
| | - Adriana Heguy
- Department of Pathology and Genome Technology Center, New York University, Langone Medical Center, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - Kathryn Z Guyton
- IARC Monographs Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon 69008, France
| | - Martha R Stampfer
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - James McKay
- Genetic Cancer Susceptibility Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon 69008, France
| | - Monica Hollstein
- Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon 69008, France
- Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, LIGHT Laboratories, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Magali Olivier
- Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon 69008, France
| | - Steven G Rozen
- Centre for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, 169857, Singapore
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Frederick A Beland
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, USA
| | - Michael Korenjak
- Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon 69008, France
| | - Jiri Zavadil
- Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon 69008, France
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Phillips DH. Mutational spectra and mutational signatures: Insights into cancer aetiology and mechanisms of DNA damage and repair. DNA Repair (Amst) 2018; 71:6-11. [PMID: 30236628 PMCID: PMC6219445 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Reporter gene assays, in which a single mutation from each experiment can contribute to the assembly of a mutation spectrum for an agent, have provided the basis for understanding the mutational processes induced by mutagenic agents and for providing clues to the origins of mutations in human tumours. More recently exome and whole genome sequencing of human tumours has revealed distinct patterns of mutation that could provide additional clues for the causative origins of cancer. This can be tested by examining the mutational signatures induced in experimental systems by putative cancer-causing agents. Such signatures are now being generated in vitro in a number of different mutagen-exposed cellular systems. Results reveal that mutagens induce characteristic mutation signatures that, in some cases, match signatures found in human tumours. Proof of principle has been established with mutational signatures generated by simulated sunlight and aristolochic acid, which match those signatures found in human melanomas and urothelial cancers, respectively. In an analysis of somatic mutations in cancers for which tobacco smoking confers an elevated risk, it was found that smoking is associated with increased mutation burdens of multiple different mutational signatures, which contribute to different extents in different tissues. One of these signatures, mainly found in tissues directly exposed to tobacco smoke, is attributable to misreplication of DNA damage caused by tobacco carcinogens. Others likely reflect indirect activation of DNA editing by APOBEC cytidine deaminases and of an endogenous clock-like mutational process. The results are consistent with the proposition that smoking increases cancer risk by increasing the somatic mutation load although direct evidence for this mechanism is lacking in some cancer types. Thus, next generation sequencing of exomes or whole genomes is providing new insights into processes underlying the causes of human cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David H Phillips
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, UK; NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Health Impact of Environmental Hazards at King's College London in Partnership with Public Health England, Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, School of Public Health and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Holme JA, Froetschl R, Knudsen LE. The European Environmental Mutagenesis and Genomics Society Annual Meeting, 14-18 August 2016, Copenhagen, Denmark. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jørn A. Holme
- Division of Environmental medicine; Norwegian Institute of Public Health; Oslo Norway
| | | | - Lisbeth E. Knudsen
- Department of Public Health; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| |
Collapse
|