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Latham BD, Geffert RM, Jackson KD. Kinase Inhibitors FDA Approved 2018-2023: Drug Targets, Metabolic Pathways, and Drug-Induced Toxicities. Drug Metab Dispos 2024; 52:479-492. [PMID: 38286637 PMCID: PMC11114602 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.123.001430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Small molecule kinase inhibitors are one of the fastest growing classes of drugs, which are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for cancer and noncancer indications. As of September 2023, there were over 70 FDA-approved small molecule kinase inhibitors on the market, 42 of which were approved in the past five years (2018-2023). This minireview discusses recent advances in our understanding of the pharmacology, metabolism, and toxicity profiles of recently approved kinase inhibitors with a central focus on tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). In this minireview we discuss the most common therapeutic indications and molecular target(s) of kinase inhibitors FDA approved 2018-2023. We also describe unique aspects of the metabolism, bioactivation, and drug-drug interaction (DDI) potential of kinase inhibitors; discuss drug toxicity concerns related to kinase inhibitors, such as drug-induced liver injury; and highlight clinical outcomes and challenges relevant to TKI therapy. Case examples are provided for common TKI targets, metabolism pathways, DDI potential, and risks for serious adverse drug reactions. The minireview concludes with a discussion of perspectives on future research to optimize TKI therapy to maximize efficacy and minimize drug toxicity. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This minireview highlights important aspects of the clinical pharmacology and toxicology of small molecule kinase inhibitors FDA approved 2018-2023. We describe key advances in the therapeutic indications and molecular targets of TKIs. The major metabolism pathways and toxicity profiles of recently approved TKIs are discussed. Clinically relevant case examples are provided that demonstrate the risk for hepatotoxic drug interactions involving TKIs and coadministered drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany D Latham
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Raeanne M Geffert
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Klarissa D Jackson
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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2
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He C, Mao Y, Wan H. Preclinical evaluation of chemically reactive metabolites and mitigation of bioactivation in drug discovery. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103621. [PMID: 37201781 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The formation of reactive metabolites (RMs) is thought to be one of the pathogeneses for some idiosyncratic adverse drug reactions (IADRs) which are considered one of the leading causes of some drug attritions and/or recalls. Minimizing or eliminating the formation of RMs via chemical modification is a useful tactic to reduce the risk of IADRs and time-dependent inhibition (TDI) of cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs). The RMs should be carefully handled before making a go-no-go decision. Herein, we highlight the role of RMs in the occurrence of IADRs and CYP TDI, the risk of structural alerts, the approaches of RM assessment at the discovery stage and strategies to minimize or eliminate RM liability. Finally, some considerations for developing a RM-positive drug candidate are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyong He
- Department of DMPK/Tox, Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical, No. 279 Wenjing Road, Shanghai 200245, China.
| | - Yuchang Mao
- Department of DMPK/Tox, Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceutical, No. 279 Wenjing Road, Shanghai 200245, China
| | - Hong Wan
- Department of DMPK/Bioanalysis, Shanghai Medicilon, No. 585 Chuanda Road, Shanghai 201299, China.
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Solana-Altabella A, Megías-Vericat JE, Ballesta-López O, Martínez-Cuadrón D, Montesinos P. Drug-drug interactions associated with FLT3 inhibitors for acute myeloblastic leukemia: current landscape. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2023; 16:133-148. [PMID: 36708283 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2023.2174523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION FLT3 inhibitors (FLT3i) are drugs in which there is limited experience and not yet enough information on the mechanisms of absorption, transport, and elimination; but especially on the potential drug-drug interactions (DDIs). There are therefore risks in the management of FLT3i DDIs (i.e. sorafenib, ponatinib, crenolanib, midostaurin, quizartinib, and gilteritinib) and ignoring them can compromise therapeutic success in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) treatment, in complex patients and secondary pathologies. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes the DDIs of FLT3i with P-glycoprotein (P-gp), breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), organic anion transporting (OAT), organic cationic transporting (OCT), cytochrome P450 (CYP) subunits, and other minor metabolic/transport pathways. EMBASE, PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register and the Web of Science were searched. The last literature search was performed on the 14 February 2022. EXPERT OPINION FLT3i will be combined with other therapeutic agents (supportive care, doublet, or triplet therapy) and in different clinical settings, which means a greater chance of controlling and even eradicating the disease effectively, but also an increased risk to patients due to potential DDIs. Healthcare professionals should be aware of the potential interactions that may occur and be vigilant in monitoring those patients who are receiving any potentially interacting drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Solana-Altabella
- Servicio de Farmacia Área del Medicamento, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe Av. Valencia, Spain.,Grupo de Investigación en Hematología y Hemoterapia, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IISLAFE), Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Octavio Ballesta-López
- Servicio de Farmacia Área del Medicamento, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe Av. Valencia, Spain.,Grupo de Investigación en Hematología y Hemoterapia, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IISLAFE), Valencia, Spain
| | - David Martínez-Cuadrón
- Grupo de Investigación en Hematología y Hemoterapia, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IISLAFE), Valencia, Spain.,Servicio de Hematología y Hemoterapia Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe. Valencia Spain
| | - Pau Montesinos
- Grupo de Investigación en Hematología y Hemoterapia, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IISLAFE), Valencia, Spain.,Servicio de Hematología y Hemoterapia Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe. Valencia Spain
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4
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Latham BD, Oskin DS, Crouch RD, Vergne MJ, Jackson KD. Cytochromes P450 2C8 and 3A Catalyze the Metabolic Activation of the Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Masitinib. Chem Res Toxicol 2022; 35:1467-1481. [PMID: 36048877 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.2c00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Masitinib is a small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor under investigation for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, mastocytosis, and COVID-19. Hepatotoxicity has been reported in some patients while taking masitinib. The liver injury is thought to involve hepatic metabolism of masitinib by cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes to form chemically reactive, potentially toxic metabolites. The goal of the current investigation was to determine the P450 enzymes involved in the metabolic activation of masitinib in vitro. In initial studies, masitinib (30 μM) was incubated with pooled human liver microsomes in the presence of NADPH and potassium cyanide to trap reactive iminium ion metabolites as cyano adducts. Masitinib metabolites and cyano adducts were analyzed using reversed-phase liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The primary active metabolite, N-desmethyl masitinib (M485), and several oxygenated metabolites were detected along with four reactive metabolite cyano adducts (MCN510, MCN524, MCN526, and MCN538). To determine which P450 enzymes were involved in metabolite formation, reaction phenotyping experiments were conducted by incubation of masitinib (2 μM) with a panel of recombinant human P450 enzymes and by incubation of masitinib with human liver microsomes in the presence of P450-selective chemical inhibitors. In addition, enzyme kinetic assays were conducted to determine the relative kinetic parameters (apparent Km and Vmax) of masitinib metabolism and cyano adduct formation. Integrated analysis of the results from these experiments indicates that masitinib metabolic activation is catalyzed primarily by P450 3A4 and 2C8, with minor contributions from P450 3A5 and 2D6. These findings provide further insight into the pathways involved in the generation of reactive, potentially toxic metabolites of masitinib. Future studies are needed to evaluate the impact of masitinib metabolism on the toxicity of the drug in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany D Latham
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - D Spencer Oskin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lipscomb University College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Nashville, Tennessee 37204, United States
| | - Rachel D Crouch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lipscomb University College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Nashville, Tennessee 37204, United States
| | - Matthew J Vergne
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lipscomb University College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Nashville, Tennessee 37204, United States
| | - Klarissa D Jackson
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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Kojima A, Nadai M, Murayama N, Yamazaki H, Katoh M. Effects of multi-kinase inhibitors on the activity of cytochrome P450 2J2. Xenobiotica 2022; 52:669-675. [PMID: 36251932 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2022.2137068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
1. Cytochrome P450 2J2 (CYP2J2) shows high expression in extrahepatic tissues, including the heart and kidney and in tumours. Inhibition of CYP2J2 has attracted attention for cancer treatment because it metabolises arachidonic acid (AA) to epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET), which inhibits apoptosis and promotes tumour growth. Multi-kinase inhibitor (MKI) is a molecular-targeted drug with antitumor activities. This study aimed to clarify the inhibitory effects of MKIs on CYP2J2 activity. We also investigated whether MKIs affected CYP2J2-catalysed EET formation from AA.2. Twenty MKIs showed different inhibitory potencies against astemizole O-demethylation in CYP2J2. In particular, apatinib, motesanib, and vatalanib strongly inhibited astemizole O-demethylation. These three MKIs exhibited competitive inhibition with inhibition constant (Ki) values of 9.3, 15.4, and 65.0 nM, respectively. Apatinib, motesanib, and vatalanib also inhibited CYP2J2-catalysed 14,15-EET formation from AA.3. In simulations of docking to CYP2J2, the U energy values of apatinib, motesanib, and vatalanib were low, and measured -84.5, -69.9, and -52.3 kcal/mol, respectively.4. In conclusion, apatinib, motesanib, and vatalanib strongly inhibited CYP2J2 activity, suggesting that the effects of a given CYP2J2 substrate may be altered upon the administration of these MKIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Kojima
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masayuki Nadai
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Norie Murayama
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Machida, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamazaki
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Machida, Japan
| | - Miki Katoh
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
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Desrivot J, Van Kaem T, Allamassey L, Helmer E. Effect of GLPG1205, a GPR84 Modulator, on CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP1A2 Enzymes: In Vitro and Phase 1 Studies. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev 2021; 10:1007-1017. [PMID: 33955686 PMCID: PMC8453848 DOI: 10.1002/cpdd.956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
GLPG1205 is a novel agent being investigated for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. GLPG1205 may be concomitantly administered with pirfenidone in future clinical development; therefore, the potential for GLPG1205 to interact with enzymes involved in the metabolism of pirfenidone (cytochrome P450 [CYP] 1A2, CYP2C9, 2C19) was evaluated. In vitro experiments indicated weak inhibition of CYP1A2 and moderate but reversible inhibition of CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 by GLPG1205. A phase 1 randomized, double-blind crossover study in 14 healthy males (NCT02623296) evaluated the effect of GLPG1205 100 mg or placebo (once daily for 12 days) on the single-dose pharmacokinetics of a cocktail of CYP1A2, CYP2C9, and CYP2C19 substrates (coadministered on day 13). GLPG1205 had no effect on the exposure of CYP2C9 and CYP1A2 substrates or metabolites; however, a trend toward increased omeprazole (CYP2C19 substrate) exposure was observed. Although considered not clinically relevant, GLPG1205 increased the elimination rate of 5-hydroxyomeprazole (CYP2C19 metabolite) 1.16-fold versus placebo. GLPG1205 had no effect on the elimination of all other substrates or metabolites. GLPG1205 had a favorable safety and tolerability profile. In conclusion, GLPG1205 100 mg once daily does not interact with CYP2C9, CYP2C19, or CYP1A2 to a clinically relevant extent and may be administered concomitantly with drugs metabolized by these enzymes.
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Hakkola J, Hukkanen J, Turpeinen M, Pelkonen O. Inhibition and induction of CYP enzymes in humans: an update. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:3671-3722. [PMID: 33111191 PMCID: PMC7603454 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02936-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme family is the most important enzyme system catalyzing the phase 1 metabolism of pharmaceuticals and other xenobiotics such as herbal remedies and toxic compounds in the environment. The inhibition and induction of CYPs are major mechanisms causing pharmacokinetic drug–drug interactions. This review presents a comprehensive update on the inhibitors and inducers of the specific CYP enzymes in humans. The focus is on the more recent human in vitro and in vivo findings since the publication of our previous review on this topic in 2008. In addition to the general presentation of inhibitory drugs and inducers of human CYP enzymes by drugs, herbal remedies, and toxic compounds, an in-depth view on tyrosine-kinase inhibitors and antiretroviral HIV medications as victims and perpetrators of drug–drug interactions is provided as examples of the current trends in the field. Also, a concise overview of the mechanisms of CYP induction is presented to aid the understanding of the induction phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jukka Hakkola
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, POB 5000, 90014, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Janne Hukkanen
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Research Unit of Internal Medicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Miia Turpeinen
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, POB 5000, 90014, Oulu, Finland.,Administration Center, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Olavi Pelkonen
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, POB 5000, 90014, Oulu, Finland.
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Megías-Vericat JE, Solana-Altabella A, Ballesta-López O, Martínez-Cuadrón D, Montesinos P. Drug-drug interactions of newly approved small molecule inhibitors for acute myeloid leukemia. Ann Hematol 2020; 99:1989-2007. [PMID: 32683457 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-020-04186-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Several small molecule inhibitors (SMIs) have been recently approved for AML patients. These targeted therapies could be more tolerable than classical antineoplastics, but potential drug-drug interactions (DDI) are relatively frequent. Underestimation or lack of appropriate awareness and management of DDIs with SMIs can jeopardize therapeutic success in AML patients, which often require multiple concomitant medications in the context of prior comorbidities or for the prevention and treatment of infectious and other complications. In this systematic review, we analyze DDIs of glasdegib, venetoclax, midostaurin, quizartinib, gilteritinib, enasidenib, and ivosidenib. CYP3A4 is the main enzyme responsible for SMIs metabolism, and strong CYP3A4 inhibitors, such azoles, could increase drug exposure and toxicity; therefore dose adjustments (venetoclax, quizartinib, and ivosidenib) or alternative therapies or close monitoring (glasdegib, midostaurin, and gilteritinib) are recommended. Besides, coadministration of strong CYP3A4 inducers with SMIs should be avoided due to potential decrease of efficacy. Regarding tolerability, QTc prolongation is frequently observed for most of approved SMIs, and drugs with a potential to prolong the QTc interval and CYP3A4 inhibitors should be avoided and replaced by alternative treatments. In this study, we critically assess the DDIs of SMIs, and we summarize best management options for these new drugs and concomitant medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Eduardo Megías-Vericat
- Servicio de Farmacia, Área del Medicamento, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe. Av. Fernando Abril Martorell, 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Solana-Altabella
- Servicio de Farmacia, Área del Medicamento, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe. Av. Fernando Abril Martorell, 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - Octavio Ballesta-López
- Servicio de Farmacia, Área del Medicamento, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe. Av. Fernando Abril Martorell, 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - David Martínez-Cuadrón
- Servicio de Hematología y Hemoterapia, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe. Av. Fernando Abril Martorell, 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain.,CIBERONC, Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pau Montesinos
- Servicio de Hematología y Hemoterapia, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe. Av. Fernando Abril Martorell, 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain. .,CIBERONC, Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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9
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Liu NR, Yang K, Li WT, Pang ZH, Zhang Q, Wang JJ, Dang WX, Jia RY, Fu ZW, Li YX, Yao ZH, Fang ZZ. Evaluation of the inhibition of chlorophenols towards human cytochrome P450 3A4 and differences among various species. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 724:138187. [PMID: 32408447 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Chlorophenols (CPs) are important pollutants detected frequently in the environment. This study intended to detect the inhibitory effects of fourteen CPs (2-CP, 3-CP, 4-CP, 4C2AP, 4C3MP, 2.4-DCP, 2.3.4-TCP, 2.4.5-TCP, 2.4.6-TCP, 3.4.5-TCP, 2.3.4.5-TECP, 2.3.4.6-TECP, 2.3.5.6-TECP and PCP) towards human liver cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4). Throughout the tests, testosterone was used as the probe substrate and CPs were used as inhibitors. A series of experiments (enzyme activity assays, preliminary screening tests, inhibition kinetics determination) were conducted to determine the inhibition of CPs towards human liver CYP3A4. CPs with the inhibitory effect >80% were selected for the inhibition evaluation in liver microsomes from different animal species (monkey, rat, dog, pig). The results showed that 2.3.4-TCP, 3.4.5-TCP, and 2.3.4.5-TECP inhibited the activities of CYP3A4 by 80.3%, 93.4%, 91.6%, respectively. Inhibition kinetics type were non-competitive and inhibition kinetics constant (Ki) values were 26.4 μM, 13.5 μM, and 8.8 μM for the inhibition of 2.3.4-TCP, 3.4.5-TCP, and 2.3.4.5-TECP towards human CYP3A4, respectively. Inhibition kinetics type was competitive and Ki value was 4.9 μM for the inhibition of 2.3.4-TCP towards CYP3A4 in Monkey liver microsomes (MyLMs). Inhibition kinetic types were non-competitive and Ki values were 8.1 μM and 28.7 μM for the inhibition of 3.4.5-TCP and 2.3.4.5-TECP towards CYP3A4 in MyLMs. Inhibition kinetic types were non-competitive and Ki values were 13.8 μM, 0.6 μM, and 6.1 μM for the inhibition of 2.3.4-TCP, 3.4.5-TCP, and 2.3.4.5-TECP towards CYP3A4 in Dog liver microsomes (DLMs), respectively. By comparing Ki values and inhibition kinetic types, the dog was the most suitable model to assess the inhibition of 2.3.4-TCP and 2.3.4.5-TECP towards CYP3A4, and monkey was the most suitable model to assess the inhibition of 3.4.5-TCP towards CYP3A4. In conclusion, our recent study on the inhibition of CPs towards CYP3A4 and species differences was important for further toxicological studies of CPs in human bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Rong Liu
- Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, China; Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, China; Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Wen-Ting Li
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Pang
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, China; Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, China
| | - Jia-Jia Wang
- Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, China; Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, China
| | - Wen-Xi Dang
- Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, China; Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, China
| | - Ruo-Yong Jia
- Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, China; Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Fu
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi-Xuan Li
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhu-Hua Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, China.
| | - Zhong-Ze Fang
- Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, China; Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China.
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10
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Zhou ZM, Wang YK, Yan DM, Fang JH, Xiao XR, Zhang T, Cheng Y, Xu KP, Li F. Metabolic profiling of tyrosine kinase inhibitor nintedanib using metabolomics. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 180:113045. [PMID: 31887668 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.113045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Nintedanib is a promising tyrosine kinase inhibitor for clinically treating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Some clinical cases reported that nintedanib treatment can cause hepatotoxicity and myocardial toxicity. U. S. FDA warns the potential drug-drug interaction when it is co-administrated with other drugs. In order to understand the potential toxicity of nintedanib and avoid drug-drug interaction, the metabolism of nintedanib was systematically investigated in human liver microsomes and mice using metabolomics approach, and the toxicity of metabolites was predicted by ADMET lab. Nineteen metabolites were detected in vivo and in vitro metabolism, and 8 of them were undescribed. Calculated partition coefficients (Clog P) were used to distinguish the isomers of nintedanib metabolites in this study. The major metabolic pathways of nintedanib majorly included hydroxylation, demethylation, glucuronidation, and acetylation reactions. The ADMET prediction indicated that nintedanib was a substrate of the cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) and P-glycoprotein (P-gp). And nintedanib and most of its metabolites might possess potential hepatotoxicity and cardiotoxicity. This study provided a global view of nintedanib metabolism, which could be used to understand the mechanism of adverse effects related to nintedanib and its potential drug-drug interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Meng Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Yi-Kun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Dong-Mei Yan
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Jian-He Fang
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Xue-Rong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.
| | - Kang-Ping Xu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.
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11
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Paludetto MN, Stigliani JL, Robert A, Bernardes-Génisson V, Chatelut E, Puisset F, Arellano C. Involvement of Pazopanib and Sunitinib Aldehyde Reactive Metabolites in Toxicity and Drug-Drug Interactions in Vitro and in Patient Samples. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 33:181-190. [PMID: 31535851 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) are targeted anticancer drugs that have been successfully developed over the past 2 decades. To date, many of them (around 70%) require warnings for liver injury and five of them, including pazopanib and sunitinib, have Black Box Warning (BBW) labels. Although TKI-induced hepatotoxicity is the first cause of drug failures in clinical trials, BBW labels, and market withdrawals, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. However, the recent discovery of new reactive metabolites (RM) with aldehyde structures during pazopanib and sunitinib metabolism offers new perspectives for investigating their involvement in the toxicity of these two TKI. These hard electrophiles have a high reactivity potential toward proteins and are thought to be responsible for cytochrome P450 inactivation, drug-drug interactions (DDI), and liver toxicity. We report here, for the first time, the presence of these aldehyde RM in human plasma samples obtained during drug monitoring. Docking experiments in the CYP3A4 active site were performed and showed that pazopanib and sunitinib fitting in the catalytic site are in accordance with their regioselective oxidation to aldehydes. They also suggested that aldehyde RM may react with lysine and arginine residues. Based on these results, we studied the reactivity of the aldehyde RM toward lysine and arginine residues as potential targets on the protein framework to better understand how these RM could be involved in liver toxicity and drug-drug interactions. Adduct formation with different hepatic and plasma proteins was investigated by LC-MS/MS, and adducts between pazopanib or sunitinib aldehyde derivatives and lysine residues on both CYP3A4 and plasma proteins were indeed shown for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Noëlle Paludetto
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM UMR1037 , Université de Toulouse , 2 Avenue Hubert Curien, CS53717 , 31037 Toulouse , Cedex 1, France.,Université Paul Sabatier , 31330 Toulouse , France.,Institut Claudius-Regaud, IUCT-O , 31059 Toulouse , Cedex 9, France
| | - Jean-Luc Stigliani
- Université Paul Sabatier , 31330 Toulouse , France.,Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination du CNRS (LCC-CNRS) , Université de Toulouse , 205 Route de Narbonne, BP 44099 , 31077 Toulouse , Cedex 4, France
| | - Anne Robert
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination du CNRS (LCC-CNRS) , Université de Toulouse , 205 Route de Narbonne, BP 44099 , 31077 Toulouse , Cedex 4, France
| | - Vania Bernardes-Génisson
- Université Paul Sabatier , 31330 Toulouse , France.,Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination du CNRS (LCC-CNRS) , Université de Toulouse , 205 Route de Narbonne, BP 44099 , 31077 Toulouse , Cedex 4, France
| | - Etienne Chatelut
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM UMR1037 , Université de Toulouse , 2 Avenue Hubert Curien, CS53717 , 31037 Toulouse , Cedex 1, France.,Université Paul Sabatier , 31330 Toulouse , France.,Institut Claudius-Regaud, IUCT-O , 31059 Toulouse , Cedex 9, France
| | - Florent Puisset
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM UMR1037 , Université de Toulouse , 2 Avenue Hubert Curien, CS53717 , 31037 Toulouse , Cedex 1, France.,Université Paul Sabatier , 31330 Toulouse , France.,Institut Claudius-Regaud, IUCT-O , 31059 Toulouse , Cedex 9, France
| | - Cécile Arellano
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM UMR1037 , Université de Toulouse , 2 Avenue Hubert Curien, CS53717 , 31037 Toulouse , Cedex 1, France.,Université Paul Sabatier , 31330 Toulouse , France
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Paludetto M, Puisset F, Chatelut E, Arellano C. Identifying the reactive metabolites of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in a comprehensive approach: Implications for drug‐drug interactions and hepatotoxicity. Med Res Rev 2019; 39:2105-2152. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marie‐Noëlle Paludetto
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, INSERMUMR1037Université de Toulouse Toulouse Cedex 1 France
- Faculté de PharmacieUniversité Paul Sabatier Toulouse France
- Département PharmacieInstitut Claudius Regaud, IUCT‐O Toulouse France
| | - Florent Puisset
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, INSERMUMR1037Université de Toulouse Toulouse Cedex 1 France
- Faculté de PharmacieUniversité Paul Sabatier Toulouse France
- Département PharmacieInstitut Claudius Regaud, IUCT‐O Toulouse France
| | - Etienne Chatelut
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, INSERMUMR1037Université de Toulouse Toulouse Cedex 1 France
- Faculté de PharmacieUniversité Paul Sabatier Toulouse France
| | - Cécile Arellano
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, INSERMUMR1037Université de Toulouse Toulouse Cedex 1 France
- Faculté de PharmacieUniversité Paul Sabatier Toulouse France
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Clinical Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Considerations in the (Modern) Treatment of Melanoma. Clin Pharmacokinet 2019; 58:1029-1043. [DOI: 10.1007/s40262-019-00753-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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14
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Click ZR, Seddon AN, Bae YR, Fisher JD, Ogunniyi A. New Food and Drug Administration-Approved and Emerging Novel Treatment Options for Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Pharmacotherapy 2018; 38:1143-1154. [DOI: 10.1002/phar.2180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Amanda N. Seddon
- Rush University Medical Center; Chicago Illinois
- Midwestern University Chicago College of Pharmacy; Downers Grove Illinois
| | - Young R. Bae
- Northshore University Health System; Evanston Illinois
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