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Gaur P, Tyagi C. Unraveling the Mechanism of Action of Myricetin in the Inhibition of hUba1∼Ubiquitin Thioester Bond Formation via In Silico Molecular Modeling Techniques. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:30432-30441. [PMID: 37636942 PMCID: PMC10448642 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitination is a crucial type of protein modification which helps to control substrate degradation and maintain cell homeostasis. Recent studies suggest that ubiquitination and deubiquitination are involved in regulating metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells and maintaining cancer stem cells. Uba1, a crucial protein in the ubiquitination cascade, can be targeted to develop effective inhibitors for cancer treatment. In previous work, we showed that myricetin (Myr) acts as a potential human Uba1 (hUba1) inhibitor. In this study, we have utilized computational modeling techniques to attempt to illustrate the mechanism of action of Myr. Through extra-precision docking, we confirmed that Myr binds to the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding site of hUba1 (referred to as hotspot 1) with the highest binding affinity. The dynamics of this interaction revealed that hUba1 undergoes a conformational shift from open to closed upon binding of Myr. Myr also migrates outward to interact with the crossover loop simultaneously as the rotational shift of the ubiquitin fold domain (UFD) takes place, thereby blocking access to the ubiquitin binding interface of hUba1 and the crossover loop. The outward migration also explains the reversible nature of Myr binding to hUba1 in previous experiments. We hypothesize that Myr acts as an inhibitor of Uba1∼Ub thioester bond formation by causing a large domain shift toward a closed conformation. Few other analogues of Myr containing the same flavone skeleton showed promising docking scores against hUba1 and could be considered for further validation. We propose that Myr and some of its analogues reported in this study may be promising candidates for developing effective Uba1 inhibitors for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paras Gaur
- Institute
of Genetics, Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Chetna Tyagi
- Department
of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
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2
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Sun C, Bai S, Liang Y, Liu D, Liao J, Chen Y, Zhao X, Wu B, Huang D, Chen M, Wu D. The role of Sirtuin 1 and its activators in age-related lung disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114573. [PMID: 37018986 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a major driving factor in lung diseases. Age-related lung disease is associated with downregulated expression of SIRT1, an NAD+-dependent deacetylase that regulates inflammation and stress resistance. SIRT1 acts by inducing the deacetylation of various substrates and regulates several mechanisms that relate to lung aging, such as genomic instability, lung stem cell exhaustion, mitochondrial dysfunction, telomere shortening, and immune senescence. Chinese herbal medicines have many biological activities, exerting anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, anti-tumor, and immune regulatory effects. Recent studies have confirmed that many Chinese herbs have the effect of activating SIRT1. Therefore, we reviewed the mechanism of SIRT1 in age-related lung disease and explored the potential roles of Chinese herbs as SIRT1 activators in the treatment of age-related lung disease.
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3
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Xu RA, Li QQ, Gao NY, Wang J, Li XY, Ye F, Ni JH, Hu GX, Qian JC. Effect of flavonoids and CYP3A4 variants on midostaurin metabolism. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 174:113669. [PMID: 36805545 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of flavonoids on midostaurin disposition considering co-administration and metabolic enzyme gene polymorphism. Enzymatic incubation assays were performed in vitro, while in vivo experiments were conducted in Sprague-Dawley rats. The analytes were determined via UPLC-MS/MS. We found that myricetin was the most potent among the investigated 10 flavonoids in suppressing the metabolism of midostaurin, with an IC50 at a low μM level. After co-administration of midostaurin and myricetin, the plasma concentration of midostaurin's primary metabolite CGP62221 was reduced corresponding to myricetin exposure. Furthermore, CYP3A4 homologous rat protein CYP3A2 was reduced significantly in the co-administration group. Thereafter, the kinetic parameters of 23 recombinant human CYP3A4 variants were determined using midostaurin. The relative intrinsic clearance varied from 269.63% in CYP3A4.29-8.95% in CYP3A4.17. In addition, the inhibitory potency of myricetin was substantially different for CYP3A4.29 and CYP3A4.17 compared with wild type, with IC50 values of 9.85 ± 0.27 μM and 90.99 ± 16.13 μM, respectively. Collectively, our data demonstrated that flavonoids, particularly myricetin, can inhibit the metabolism of midostaurin. Additionally, CYP3A4 genetic polymorphism may contribute to stratification of midostaurin blood exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Ai Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China; Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qing-Qing Li
- Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Nan-Yong Gao
- Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin-Yue Li
- Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feng Ye
- Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jin-Huan Ni
- Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guo-Xin Hu
- Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jian-Chang Qian
- Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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4
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Chen T, Hu Y, Lu L, Zhao Q, Tao X, Ding B, Chen S, Zhu J, Guo X, Lin Z. Myricetin attenuates hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in neonatal rats via NRF2 signaling pathway. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1134464. [PMID: 36969871 PMCID: PMC10031108 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1134464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a crucial cause of neonatal death and neurological sequelae, but currently there is no effective therapy drug for HIE. Both oxidative stress and apoptosis play critical roles in the pathological development of HIE. Myricetin, a naturally extracted flavonol compound, exerts remarkable effects against oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation. However, the role and underlying molecular mechanism of myricetin on HIE remain unclear. Methods: In this study, we established the neonatal rats hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain damage model in vivo and CoCl2 induced PC12 cell model in vitro to explore the neuroprotective effects of myricetin on HI injury, and illuminate the potential mechanism. Results: Our results showed that myricetin intervention could significantly reduce brain infarction volume, glia activation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress marker levels through activating NRF2 (Nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2) and increase the expressions of NRF2 downstream proteins NQO-1 and HO-1. In addition, the NRF2 inhibitor ML385 could significantly reverse the effects of myricetin. Conclusion: This study found that myricetin might alleviate oxidative stress and apoptosis through NRF2 signaling pathway to exert the protective role for HI injury, which suggested that myricetin might be a promising therapeutic agent for HIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingying Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liying Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qianlei Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoyue Tao
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bingqing Ding
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shangqin Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianghu Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Jianghu Zhu, ; Xiaoling Guo, ; Zhenlang Lin,
| | - Xiaoling Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Basic Medical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Children Genitourinary Diseases of Wenzhou, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Jianghu Zhu, ; Xiaoling Guo, ; Zhenlang Lin,
| | - Zhenlang Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Jianghu Zhu, ; Xiaoling Guo, ; Zhenlang Lin,
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5
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Supramolecular aggregates of myricetin improve its bioavailability and its role in counteracting alcoholism. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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6
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Kulaksız Günaydı ZE, Ayar A. Phenolic compounds, amino acid profiles, and antibacterial properties of kefir prepared using freeze‐dried
Arbutus unedo
L. and
Tamarindus indica
L. fruits and sweetened with stevia, monk fruit sweetener, and aspartame. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmet Ayar
- Department of Food Engineering Sakarya University Sakarya Turkey
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7
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Lin H, Zhang X, Li J, Liang L, Zhang Q, Fang Y, Song J, Yang W, Weng Z. Unraveling the Molecular Mechanism of Xuebijing Injection in the Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease by Combining Network Pharmacology and Affymetrix Array. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221092705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Xuebijing injection (XBJ), one of the classical prescriptions for treating inflammation-related diseases, has been used to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in clinical practice. However, its molecular mechanism is still unclear. Network pharmacology combined with Affymetrix arrays and molecular docking techniques were applied to explore the molecular mechanism of XBJ for COPD. Predictive analysis of 728 active compounds in XBJ and 6 sets of Affymetrix arrays expression data resulted in 106 potential therapeutic targets. Next, based on the active compound-co-target network topology analysis, most of these targets were found to be modulated by quercetin, myricetin, and ellagic acid. Furthermore, protein–protein interaction (PPI) analysis revealed that the key targets may be EGFR, STAT3, AKT1, CCND1, MMP9, AR, ESR1, and PTGS2. Then, by constructing a component-target-pathway network, we found that XBJ was a multi-pathway, multi-target, multi-compound synergistic therapy for COPD, and four key targets were involved in the FoxO signaling pathway. Luteolin and salvianolic acid b had the optimal binding ability to several key proteins. Therefore, we hypothesize that quercetin, myricetin, ellagic acid, luteolin, and salvianolic acid b mainly contribute to the therapeutic effect of XBJ on COPD by modulating the FoxO signaling pathway by regulating EGFR, STAT3, AKT1, and CCND1. XBJ exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidative stress effects through the PI3K/Akt/FoxO axis combined with MMP9, AR, ESR1, and PTGS2 to regulate other signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haochang Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jiangya Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Liju Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yan Fang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jingfeng Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Weimin Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhiying Weng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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8
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Tang J, Dong B, Liu M, Liu S, Niu X, Gaughan C, Asthana A, Zhou H, Xu Z, Zhang G, Silverman RH, Huang H. Identification of Small Molecule Inhibitors of RNase L by Fragment-Based Drug Discovery. J Med Chem 2022; 65:1445-1457. [PMID: 34841869 PMCID: PMC10620946 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The pseudokinase-endoribonuclease RNase L plays important roles in antiviral innate immunity and is also implicated in many other cellular activities. The inhibition of RNase L showed therapeutic potential for Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS). Thus, RNase L is a promising drug target. In this study, using an enzyme assay and NMR screening, we discovered 13 inhibitory fragments against RNase L. Cocrystal structures of RNase L separately complexed with two different fragments were determined in which both fragments bound to the ATP-binding pocket of the pseudokinase domain. Myricetin, vitexin, and hyperoside, three natural products sharing similar scaffolds with the fragment AC40357, demonstrated a potent inhibitory activity in vitro. In addition, myricetin has a promising cellular inhibitory activity. A cocrystal structure of RNase L with myricetin provided a structural basis for inhibitor design by allosterically modulating the ribonuclease activity. Our findings demonstrate that fragment screening can lead to the discovery of natural product inhibitors of RNase L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinle Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Laboratory of Structural Biology and Drug Discovery, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Beihua Dong
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Ming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Laboratory of Structural Biology and Drug Discovery, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shuyan Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518112, China
| | - Xiaogang Niu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Beijing Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Christina Gaughan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Abhishek Asthana
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Huan Zhou
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Zhengshuang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Laboratory of Structural Biology and Drug Discovery, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Guoliang Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518112, China
| | - Robert H. Silverman
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Hao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Laboratory of Structural Biology and Drug Discovery, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
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9
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Myricetin: A review of the most recent research. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 134:111017. [PMID: 33338751 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Myricetin(MYR) is a flavonoid compound widely found in many natural plants including bayberry. So far, MYR has been proven to have multiple biological functions and it is a natural compound with promising research and development prospects. This review comprehensively retrieved and collected the latest pharmacological abstracts on MYR, and discussed the potential molecular mechanisms of its effects. The results of our review indicated that MYR has a therapeutic effect on many diseases, including tumors of different types, inflammatory diseases, atherosclerosis, thrombosis, cerebral ischemia, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease and pathogenic microbial infections. Furthermore, it regulates the expression of Hippo, MAPK, GSK-3β, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, STAT3, TLR, IκB/NF-κB, Nrf2/HO-1, ACE, eNOS / NO, AChE and BrdU/NeuN. MYR also enhances the immunomodulatory functions, suppresses cytokine storms, improves cardiac dysfunction, possesses an antiviral potential, can be used as an adjuvant treatment against cancer, cardiovascular injury and nervous system diseases, and it may be a potential drug against COVID-19 and other viral infections. Generally, this article provides a theoretical basis for the clinical application of MYR and a reference for its further use.
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10
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A review on myricetin as a potential therapeutic candidate for cancer prevention. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:211. [PMID: 32351869 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02207-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Myricetin, one of the most extensively studied polyphenols, is present abundantly in various fruits and vegetables and exhibits diverse pharmacological properties. The multifaceted biological action of myricetin against tumor heterogeneity makes it an impressive anticancer agent whose efficacy has been confirmed by an overwhelming number of studies. Myricetin shows its therapeutic potential by targeting and modulating the expression of various molecular target which are involved in inflammation, cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. Myricetin deters tumor progression by inducing apoptosis via both intrinsic and extrinsic pathway, activating/inactivating several signaling pathways, and reactivating various tumor suppressor genes. This comprehensive review represents the effect of myricetin on various hallmarks of cancer with insight into the molecular mechanism employed by myricetin to mitigate cell proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, and induce apoptosis. In addition, enhanced bioavailability of myricetin through conjugation and its increased efficacy as an anticancer agent when used in combination are also highlighted.
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11
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Anti-Tumor Potential of IMP Dehydrogenase Inhibitors: A Century-Long Story. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11091346. [PMID: 31514446 PMCID: PMC6770829 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The purine nucleotides ATP and GTP are essential precursors to DNA and RNA synthesis and fundamental for energy metabolism. Although de novo purine nucleotide biosynthesis is increased in highly proliferating cells, such as malignant tumors, it is not clear if this is merely a secondary manifestation of increased cell proliferation. Suggestive of a direct causative effect includes evidence that, in some cancer types, the rate-limiting enzyme in de novo GTP biosynthesis, inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH), is upregulated and that the IMPDH inhibitor, mycophenolic acid (MPA), possesses anti-tumor activity. However, historically, enthusiasm for employing IMPDH inhibitors in cancer treatment has been mitigated by their adverse effects at high treatment doses and variable response. Recent advances in our understanding of the mechanistic role of IMPDH in tumorigenesis and cancer progression, as well as the development of IMPDH inhibitors with selective actions on GTP synthesis, have prompted a reappraisal of targeting this enzyme for anti-cancer treatment. In this review, we summarize the history of IMPDH inhibitors, the development of new inhibitors as anti-cancer drugs, and future directions and strategies to overcome existing challenges.
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