1
|
Cuevas-Diaz Duran R, Martinez-Ledesma E, Garcia-Garcia M, Bajo Gauzin D, Sarro-Ramírez A, Gonzalez-Carrillo C, Rodríguez-Sardin D, Fuentes A, Cardenas-Lopez A. The Biology and Genomics of Human Hair Follicles: A Focus on Androgenetic Alopecia. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2542. [PMID: 38473791 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Androgenetic alopecia is a highly prevalent condition mainly affecting men. This complex trait is related to aging and genetics; however, multiple other factors, for example, lifestyle, are also involved. Despite its prevalence, the underlying biology of androgenetic alopecia remains elusive, and thus advances in its treatment have been hindered. Herein, we review the functional anatomy of hair follicles and the cell signaling events that play a role in follicle cycling. We also discuss the pathology of androgenetic alopecia and the known molecular mechanisms underlying this condition. Additionally, we describe studies comparing the transcriptional differences in hair follicles between balding and non-balding scalp regions. Given the genetic contribution, we also discuss the most significant risk variants found to be associated with androgenetic alopecia. A more comprehensive understanding of this pathology may be generated through using multi-omics approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Cuevas-Diaz Duran
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey 64710, NL, Mexico
- CapilarFix®, Monterrey 66220, NL, Mexico
| | - Emmanuel Martinez-Ledesma
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey 64710, NL, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chew EGY, Lim TC, Leong MF, Liu X, Sia YY, Leong ST, Yan-Jiang BC, Stoecklin C, Borhan R, Heilmann-Heimbach S, Nöthen MM, Viasnoff V, Shyh-Chang N, Wan ACA, Philpott MP, Hillmer AM. Observations that suggest a contribution of altered dermal papilla mitochondrial function to androgenetic alopecia. Exp Dermatol 2022; 31:906-917. [PMID: 35119146 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a prevalent hair loss condition in males that develops due to the influence of androgens and genetic predisposition. With the aim of elucidating genes involved in AGA pathogenesis, we modelled AGA with three-dimensional culture of keratinocyte-surrounded dermal papilla (DP) cells. We co-cultured immortalised balding and non-balding human DP cells (DPC) derived from male AGA patients with epidermal keratinocyte (NHEK) using multi-interfacial polyelectrolyte complexation technique. We observed up-regulated mitochondria-related gene expression in balding compared to non-balding DP aggregates which indicated altered mitochondria metabolism. Further observation of significantly reduced electron transport chain complex activity (complex I, IV and V), ATP levels and ability to uptake metabolites for ATP generation demonstrated compromised mitochondria function in balding DPC. Balding DP was also found to be under significantly higher oxidative stress than non-balding DP. Our experiments suggest that application of antioxidants lowers oxidative stress levels and improve metabolite uptake in balding DPC. We postulate that the observed up-regulation of mitochondria-related genes in balding DP aggregates resulted from an over-compensatory effort to rescue decreased mitochondrial function in balding DP through the attempted production of new functional mitochondria. In all, our three-dimensional co-culturing revealed mitochondrial dysfunction in balding DPC, suggesting a metabolic component in the etiology of AGA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elaine G Y Chew
- Cancer Therapeutics & Stratified Oncology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Tze Chiun Lim
- Cell and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Singapore
| | - Meng Fatt Leong
- Cell and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Singapore.,School of Applied Science, Temasek Polytechnic, Singapore
| | - Xingliang Liu
- Cancer Therapeutics & Stratified Oncology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yee Yen Sia
- Cancer Therapeutics & Stratified Oncology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | - See Ting Leong
- Cancer Therapeutics & Stratified Oncology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Benjamin C Yan-Jiang
- Cancer Stem Cell Biology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore.,NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Celine Stoecklin
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rosa Borhan
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary College, London, UK
| | - Stefanie Heilmann-Heimbach
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine &, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine &, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Virgile Viasnoff
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ng Shyh-Chang
- Institute of Zoology, Institute of Stem Cell & Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Andrew C A Wan
- Cell and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Singapore.,Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation, Singapore
| | - M P Philpott
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary College, London, UK
| | - Axel M Hillmer
- Cancer Therapeutics & Stratified Oncology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore.,Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sadgrove NJ. The ‘bald’ phenotype (androgenetic alopecia) is caused by the high glycaemic, high cholesterol and low mineral ‘western diet’. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
4
|
Lim YS, Harland DP, Dawson TL. Wanted, dead and alive: Why a multidisciplinary approach is needed to unlock hair treatment potential. Exp Dermatol 2020; 28:517-527. [PMID: 30706973 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Human recorded history is littered with attempts to improve the perceived appearance of scalp hair. Throughout history, treatments have included both biological and chemical interventions. Hair "quality" or "perceived appearance" is regulated by multiple biological intervention opportunities: adding more hairs by flipping follicles from telogen to anagen, or delaying anagen follicles transiting into catagen; altering hair "apparent amount" by modulating shaft diameter or shape; or, in principle, altering shaft physical properties changing its synthesis. By far the most common biological intervention strategy today is to increase the number of hairs, but to date this has proven difficult and has yielded minimal benefits. Chemical intervention primarily consists of active material surface deposition to improve shaft shine, fibre-fibre interactions and strength. Real, perceptible benefits will best be achieved by combining opportunity areas across the three primary sciences: biology, chemistry and physics. Shaft biogenesis begins with biology: proliferation in the germinative matrix, then crossing "Auber's Critical Line" and ceasing proliferation to synthesize shaft components. Biogenesis then shifts to oxidative chemistry, where previously synthesized components are organized and cross-linked into a shaft. We herein term the crossing point from biology to chemistry as "The Orwin Threshold." Historically, hair biology and chemistry have been conducted in different fields, with biological manipulation residing in biomedical communities and hair shaft chemistry and physics within the consumer care industry, with minimal cross-fertilization. Detailed understanding of hair shaft biogenesis should enable identification of factors necessary for optimum hair shaft production and new intervention opportunities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shan Lim
- Skin Research Institute Singapore, Singapore
| | - Duane P Harland
- Food and Bio-based Products Group, AgResearch, Crown Research Institute, Lincoln, New Zealand
| | - Thomas L Dawson
- Skin Research Institute Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Drug Discovery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Martinez-Jacobo LA, Ancer-Arellano CI, Villarreal-Villarreal CD, Ortiz-Lopez R, Montufar-Martinez M, Trevino V, Santuario-Facio SK, Sanchez-Cornejo R, Sanchez-Garcia A, Medina-De la Garza CE, Ancer-Rodriguez J, Sinclair RD, Ocampo-Candiani J, Rojas-Martinez A. Global expression profile and global genome methylation signatures in male patients with androgenetic alopecia. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 34:e216-e218. [PMID: 31876348 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L A Martinez-Jacobo
- Departamento de Bioquimica y Medicina Molecular, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Mexico.,Departamento de Ciencias Basicas, Vicerrectoria de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Monterrey, San Pedro Garza García, Mexico
| | - C I Ancer-Arellano
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - C D Villarreal-Villarreal
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - R Ortiz-Lopez
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - M Montufar-Martinez
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Mexico.,Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - V Trevino
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - S K Santuario-Facio
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - R Sanchez-Cornejo
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - A Sanchez-Garcia
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital Universitario, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - C E Medina-De la Garza
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - J Ancer-Rodriguez
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Mexico.,Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - R D Sinclair
- Epworth Hospital, East Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Sinclair Dermatology Clinical Trial Centre, East Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - J Ocampo-Candiani
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - A Rojas-Martinez
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bao L, Gong L, Guo M, Liu T, Shi A, Zong H, Xu X, Chen H, Gao X, Li Y. Randomized trial of electrodynamic microneedle combined with 5% minoxidil topical solution for the treatment of Chinese male Androgenetic alopecia. J COSMET LASER THER 2020; 22:1-7. [PMID: 29028377 DOI: 10.1080/14764172.2017.1376094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Background: In treating androgenetic alopecia, 5% minoxidil is a commonly used topical drug. By using electrodynamic microneedle at the same time may increase absorption of minoxidil and further stimulate hair growth.Objective: A 24-week, randomized, evaluator blinded, comparative study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of treating Chinese male androgenetic alopecia using microneedle combined with 5% minoxidil topical solution. Methods: Randomized subjects received topical 5% minoxidil (group 1, n = 20), local electrodynamic microneedle treatments (group 2, n = 20), or local electrodynamic microneedle treatments plus topical 5% minoxidil (group 3, n = 20). A total of 12 microneedle treatments were performed every 2 weeks with 2ml 5% minoxidil delivery in group three during each microneedle treatment. Patient receiving topical 5% minoxidil applied 1 ml of the solution twice daily over the course of the study. A total of 60 Chinese male subjects with Norwood-Hamilton type III-VI androgenetic alopecia were treated.Results: The mean improvement in total hair density from baseline to 24 weeks was 18.8/cm2 in group 1, 23.4/cm2 in group 2, and 38.3/cm2 in group 3. The hair growth in the three groups was significantly different (P = 0.002), but there were no significant differences in toxicity found between the three groups.Conclusions: Treatment with microneedle plus topical 5% minoxidil was associated with the best hair growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Bao
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Dermatology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lin Gong
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Menger Guo
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Taoming Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Anyu Shi
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Haifeng Zong
- Department of Neonatology, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xuegang Xu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongduo Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinghua Gao
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuanhong Li
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ho BSY, Vaz C, Ramasamy S, Chew EGY, Mohamed JS, Jaffar H, Hillmer A, Tanavde V, Bigliardi-Qi M, Bigliardi PL. Progressive expression of PPARGC1α is associated with hair miniaturization in androgenetic alopecia. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8771. [PMID: 31217429 PMCID: PMC6584672 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43998-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Current opinion views androgens as the pathogenic driver in the miniaturization of hair follicles of androgenetic alopecia by interfering with the dermal papilla. This cannot be the sole cause and therefore it is important for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes to identify additional pathways. Comparative full transcriptome profile analysis of the hair bulb region of normal and miniaturized hair follicles from vertex and occipital region in males with and without androgenetic alopecia revealed that next to the androgen receptor as well the retinoid receptor and particularly the PPAR pathway is involved in progressive hair miniaturization. We demonstrate the concurrent up-regulation of PPARGC1a in the epithelial compartment and androgen receptor in the dermal papilla of miniaturized hair. Dynamic Ppargc1a expression in the mouse hair cycle suggests a possible role in regulating hair growth and differentiation. This is supported by reduced proliferation of human dermal papilla and predominantly epithelial keratinocytes after incubation with AICAR, the agonist for AMPK signaling which activates PPARGC1a and serves as co-activator of PPARγ. In addition, miRNA profiling shows enrichment of miRNA-targeted genes in retinoid receptors and PPARGC1α/PPARγ signaling, and antigen presentation pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Siu-Yin Ho
- Experimental Dermatology Group, Institute of Medical Biology, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, 138648, Singapore
| | - Candida Vaz
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, 138671, Singapore
| | - Srinivas Ramasamy
- Experimental Dermatology Group, Institute of Medical Biology, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, 138648, Singapore
| | - Elaine Guo Yan Chew
- Cancer Therapeutics and Stratified Oncology, Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Jameelah Sheik Mohamed
- Experimental Dermatology Group, Institute of Medical Biology, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, 138648, Singapore
| | - Huma Jaffar
- National University of Singapore, YLL School of Medicine, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
| | - Axel Hillmer
- Cancer Therapeutics and Stratified Oncology, Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, 138672, Singapore.,Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Köln, Germany
| | - Vivek Tanavde
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, 138671, Singapore.,Division of Biological & Life Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Mei Bigliardi-Qi
- Experimental Dermatology Group, Institute of Medical Biology, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, 138648, Singapore.,Department of Dermatology, University of Minnesota, 516 Delaware Street S.E., Mail Code 98 Phillips-Wangensteen Bldg., Suite 4-240, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, USA
| | - Paul Lorenz Bigliardi
- Experimental Dermatology Group, Institute of Medical Biology, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, 138648, Singapore. .,Department of Dermatology, University of Minnesota, 516 Delaware Street S.E., Mail Code 98 Phillips-Wangensteen Bldg., Suite 4-240, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ho BSY, Ho EXP, Chu CW, Ramasamy S, Bigliardi-Qi M, de Sessions PF, Bigliardi PL. Microbiome in the hair follicle of androgenetic alopecia patients. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216330. [PMID: 31050675 PMCID: PMC6499469 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Androgenetic alopecia is the most common form of hair loss in males. It is a multifactorial condition involving genetic predisposition and hormonal changes. The role of microflora during hair loss remains to be understood. We therefore analyzed the microbiome of hair follicles from hair loss patients and the healthy. Hair follicles were extracted from occipital and vertex region of hair loss patients and healthy volunteers and further dissected into middle and lower compartments. The microbiome was then characterized by 16S rRNA sequencing. Distinct microbial population were found in the middle and lower compartment of hair follicles. Middle hair compartment was predominated by Burkholderia spp. and less diverse; while higher bacterial diversity was observed in the lower hair portion. Occipital and vertex hair follicles did not show significant differences. In hair loss patients, miniaturized vertex hair houses elevated Propionibacterium acnes in the middle and lower compartments while non-miniaturized hair of other regions were comparable to the healthy. Increased abundance of P. acnes in miniaturized hair follicles could be associated to elevated immune response gene expression in the hair follicle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Siu-Yin Ho
- Experimental Dermatology Group, Institute of Medical Biology, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eliza Xin Pei Ho
- GERMS Platform for microbial genomics, Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Collins Wenhan Chu
- GERMS Platform for microbial genomics, Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Srinivas Ramasamy
- Experimental Dermatology Group, Institute of Medical Biology, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mei Bigliardi-Qi
- Experimental Dermatology Group, Institute of Medical Biology, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Paola Florez de Sessions
- GERMS Platform for microbial genomics, Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Paul Lorenz Bigliardi
- Experimental Dermatology Group, Institute of Medical Biology, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Singapore
- YLL School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Hospital System NUHS, Singapore, Singapore
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Dias PCR, Miot HA, Trüeb RM, Ramos PM. Use of Minoxidil Sulfate versus Minoxidil Base in Androgenetic Alopecia Treatment: Friend or Foe? Skin Appendage Disord 2018; 4:349-350. [PMID: 30410915 DOI: 10.1159/000488011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hélio Amante Miot
- Dermatology Department, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Ralph Michel Trüeb
- Center for Dermatology and Hair Diseases Professor Trüeb, Zurich-Wallisellen, Switzerland
| | - Paulo Müller Ramos
- Dermatology Department, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Palkina NV, Komina AV, Aksenenko MB, Ruksha TG. Biometric Analysis of Melanoma Cells Due to Various Metastasis Origin. VESTNIK DERMATOLOGII I VENEROLOGII 2017. [DOI: 10.25208/0042-4609-2017-93-6-60-66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: biometric analysis of melanoma cells derived from different types of primary or secondary tumors could be necessary for better understanding tumor heterogeneity as that phenomenon would affect significantly the anti-cancer therapy efficacy. Materials and Methods. A comparative analysis of melanoma cells that reflect different stages of tumor progression was accomplished with following parameters tested: intensity of apoptosis, proliferation/metabolic activity, the ratio of the cell cycle phases distribution, chromosomal constitution analysis, invasion, and migration capacity. Results. It was found that melanoma cells derived from visceral metastases characterized by a high proliferative/metabolic potential, migratory ability, and mitotic potential. Melanoma cells which represent earlier stages of carcinogenesis have higher invasive activity and percentage of polyploidy cells, indicating high mutational potential. Both cell lines have no differences in the expression of apoptosis. Conclusion. Melanoma cells derived from metastasis demonstrate various abilities for growth, migration, and invasion depending on metastasis origin. In that context, isolation of pathological cells and tissues, both native and fixed, followed by their individual testing for each patient will have a high demand for both fundamental and clinical medicine for more adequate therapy choice.
Collapse
|
11
|
Chew E. Regulatory pathways implicated in male androgenetic alopecia pathogenesis. Br J Dermatol 2017; 177:1159-1160. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.15807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E.G.Y. Chew
- Human Genetics Genome Institute of Singapore A*STAR Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bao L, Yu A, Luo Y, Tian T, Dong Y, Zong H, Chen H, Gao X, Xu X, Li Y. Genomewide differential expression profiling of long non-coding RNAs in androgenetic alopecia in a Chinese male population. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2017; 31:1360-1371. [PMID: 28419572 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.14278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Androgenetic alopecia (AGA), or male pattern baldness (MPB), is the most common form of hair loss in males. A combination of genetic and androgen causes have been suggested as factors that contribute to the development of AGA. However, the specific molecular mechanisms that underly AGA remain largely unknown. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a new class of regulatory non-coding RNAs that are longer than 200 nucleotides, have been shown to play important roles in a number of cellular processes, including transcription, chromosome remodelling and post-transcriptional processing. The dysregulation of lncRNAs is associated with many forms of diseases, but it remains unknown whether lncRNAs are associated with AGA. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to identify AGA-associated lncRNAs and predict the potential roles of these lncRNAs in AGA. METHODS A genomewide microarray was used to identify lncRNAs that are differentially expressed between AGA and adjacent normal tissues. Real-time qRT-PCR was used to validate the microarray data. RESULTS A large number of lncRNAs were differentially expressed (fold change >2.4) between AGA and adjacent normal tissues. Of these, 770 were upregulated and 1373 were downregulated. Moreover, pathway analysis revealed that 53 functional pathways were associated with the upregulated transcripts, while 11 pathways were associated with the downregulated transcripts. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate AGA-associated lncRNAs. lncRNA profiles are altered in AGA, and these lncRNAs and their target genes may serve as novel candidates for preventing and treating AGA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Bao
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - A Yu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Y Luo
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - T Tian
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Y Dong
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - H Zong
- Department of Neonatology, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - H Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - X Gao
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - X Xu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Y Li
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|