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Starkey SY, Kashetsky N, Lam JM, Dutz J, Mukovozov IM. Chilblain-Like Lesions (CLL) Coinciding With the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic in Children: A Systematic Review. J Cutan Med Surg 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/12034754231158074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Chilblain-like lesions (CLL) coinciding with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection have been described in the literature. Available reviews of the literature suggest that CLL are associated with younger age, an equal sex ratio, negative testing for SARS-CoV-2, and mild to no extracutaneous manifestations (ECM) associated with COVID-19 infection. This systematic review aims to provide a summary of reports of CLL associated with the early SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in children to clarify the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and resolution outcomes of these skin findings. Sixty-nine studies, published between May 2020 and January 2022, met inclusion criteria and were summarized in this review, representing 1,119 cases of CLL. Available data showed a slight male predominance (591/1002, 59%). Mean age was 13 years, ranging from 0 to 18 years. Most cases had no ECM (682/978, 70%). Overall, 70/507 (14%) of patients tested positive for COVID-19 using PCR and/or serology. In the majority the clinical course was benign with 355/415 (86%) of cases resolving, and 97/269 (36%) resolving without any treatment. This comprehensive summary of pediatric CLL suggests these lesions are rarely associated with COVID-19 symptoms or test positivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Y. Starkey
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nadia Kashetsky
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Joseph M. Lam
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jan Dutz
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ilya M. Mukovozov
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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