MAPK8-mediated stabilization of SP1 is essential for RUNX1-RUNX1T1 - driven leukaemia

LINC01564 Promotes the TMZ Resistance of Glioma Cells by Upregulating NFE2L2 Expression to Inhibit Ferroptosis

Glioma is the most common and malignant brain tumor with poor prognosis. We investigated the effects of LINC01564 on temozolomide (TMZ) resistance of glioma cells. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to detect the high expression of LINC01564 in human TMZ-resistant glioma cell lines. Functional experiments verified that LINC01564 and SRSF1 promote the proliferation and TMZ resistance and inhibit the apoptosis of TMZ-treated glioma cells. Iron and ROS detection analyses showed that LINC01564 and SRSF1 suppress ferroptosis in glioma cells. Western blot proved that LINC01564 is positively associated with NFE2L2. Mechanism experiments verified the interaction between SRSF1 and MAPK8 3' UTR. In vitro kinase assays showed that MAPK8 can phosphorylate NFE2L2. Rescue experiments showed that MAPK8 reverses the effect of LINC01564 ablation on cell apoptosis and ferroptosis. Meanwhile, NFE2L2 countervails the effect of MAPK8 ablation on the apoptosis and ferroptosis of glioma cells. Animal experiments proved that LINC01564 and MAPK8 facilitate the TMZ resistance of glioma cells in vivo. In conclusion, LINC01564 promotes the TMZ resistance of glioma cells by upregulating NFE2L2 expression to inhibit ferroptosis, which might offer a new perspective into TMZ treatment of glioma. The diagram of the specific mechanism that LINC01564 promotes the TMZ resistance of glioma cells by upregulating NFE2L2 expression to inhibit ferroptosis.

An update on the molecular pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targeting of AML with t(8;21)(q22;q22.1);RUNX1-RUNX1T1

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with t(8;21)(q22;q22.1);RUNX1-RUNX1T1, one of the core-binding factor leukemias, is one of the most common subtypes of AML with recurrent genetic abnormalities and is associated with a favorable outcome. The translocation leads to the formation of a pathological RUNX1-RUNX1T1 fusion that leads to the disruption of the normal function of the core-binding factor, namely, its role in hematopoietic differentiation and maturation. The consequences of this alteration include the recruitment of repressors of transcription, thus blocking the expression of genes involved in hematopoiesis, and impaired apoptosis. A number of concurrent and cooperating mutations clearly play a role in modulating the proliferative potential of cells, including mutations in KIT, FLT3, and possibly JAK2. RUNX1-RUNX1T1 also appears to interact with microRNAs during leukemogenesis. Epigenetic factors also play a role, especially with the recruitment of histone deacetylases. A better understanding of the concurrent mutations, activated pathways, and epigenetic modulation of the cellular processes paves the way for exploring a number of approaches to achieve cure. Potential approaches include the development of small molecules targeting the RUNX1-RUNX1T1 protein, the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as dasatinib and FLT3 inhibitors to target mutations that lead to a proliferative advantage of the leukemic cells, and experimentation with epigenetic therapies. In this review, we unravel some of the recently described molecular pathways and explore potential therapeutic strategies.