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Gholami A, Farhadi K, Sayyadipour F, Soleimani M, Saba F. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in human lymphomas. Genes Dis 2022; 9:900-914. [PMID: 35685474 PMCID: PMC9170579 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymphomas are a diverse group of haematologic malignancies, which occur in infection-fighting cells of the lymphatic system. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-coding RNAs, which have recently received significant attention as the main mediators of gene expression. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on lncRNAs involved in lymphomas, their molecular functions, as well as their potential clinical value. Relevant literature was identified by a PubMed search of English language papers using the following terms: Lymphoma, LncRNA, leukemia, proliferation, apoptosis, and prognosis. LncRNAs are imperative for lymphoma carcinogenesis through affecting apoptosis, cell proliferation, invasion, and response to chemotherapy. The expression level of lncRNAs can affect chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. Taken together, lncRNA dysregulation in lymphoma cells is not only an epiphenomenon but also lncRNA transcription is critically related to the initiation and progression of lymphomas. Aberrant expression of lncRNAs can lead to the transformation of normal lymphocytes into lymphoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Gholami
- Clinical Research Development Center, Taleghani and Imam Ali Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 671568-5420, Iran
| | - Khosro Farhadi
- Clinical Research Development Center, Taleghani and Imam Ali Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 671568-5420, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sayyadipour
- Clinical Research Development Center, Taleghani and Imam Ali Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 671568-5420, Iran
| | - Masoud Soleimani
- Department of Haematology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 146899-5513, Iran
| | - Fakhredin Saba
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Paramedical, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 671568-5420, Iran
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2
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Park JH, Jin EH, Hong JH, Lee SI, Sung JK. The association between polymorphism of the long noncoding RNA, Plasmacytoma variant translocation 1, and the risk of gastric cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e27773. [PMID: 35049170 PMCID: PMC9191314 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000027773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic polymorphisms of plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 can affect various tumors including gastro-intestinal, sexual hormone sensitive cancers and lymphoma. Accumulated evidence have shown that plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 acts as an oncogene and tumor suppressor in various cancers. In fact, the rs13255292 and rs2608053 single nucleotide polymorphisms of plasmacytoma variant translocation 1are known to affect lymphoma; however, their effects on gastric cancer are primarily unknown. In this study, we evaluated the association between these plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 polymorphisms and the risk of gastric cancer.In the present study, 462 patients diagnosed with gastric cancer and 377 cancer-free controls were enrolled. The TaqMan genotyping assay was used to analyze the association between rs13255292 and rs2608053 single nucleotide polymorphisms and the risk of gastric cancer.The rs2608053 dominant model (CT + TT) was associated with a decreased risk of gastric cancer in T3 + T4 (odds ratio [OR] = 0.61, confidence interval (CI) = 0.41 - 0.92, P = .019), and stage III Gastric cancer subgroups (OR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.38 - 0.91, P = .017) compared to the CC genotype. When stratified analysis by sex was carried out, the rs13255292 dominant model (CT + TT) had a significant association with an increased risk of gastric cancer in the female negative lymph node metastasis gastric cancer subgroup, compared to the CC genotype (OR = 1.96, 95% CI = 1.16 - 3.30, P = .012). The recessive model (TT) of rs13255292 was associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer in the male T3 + T4 gastric cancer subgroups compared to the CC + CT genotype (OR = 3.82, 95% CI = 1.02 - 14.33, P = .047). The dominant model (CT + TT) of rs2608053 was related to a decreased risk of gastric cancer in male T3 + T4 (OR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.33 - 0.98, P = .042) and stage III gastric cancer subgroups (OR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.27 - 0.89, P = .020) compared to the CC genotype.The rs13255292 and rs2608053 single nucleotide polymorphisms in plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 may contribute to susceptibility of gastric cancer. Further studies with more subjects and different ethnic groups are needed to validate our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Ho Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Heui Jin
- Translational Immunology Institute, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Hee Hong
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Clinical Trials Center, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Il Lee
- Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kyu Sung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Zeni PF, Mraz M. LncRNAs in adaptive immunity: role in physiological and pathological conditions. RNA Biol 2021; 18:619-632. [PMID: 33094664 PMCID: PMC8078528 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2020.1838783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The adaptive immune system is responsible for generating immunological response and immunological memory. Regulation of adaptive immunity including B cell and T cell biology was mainly understood from the protein and microRNA perspective. However, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are an emerging class of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that influence key factors in lymphocyte biology such as NOTCH, PAX5, MYC and EZH2. LncRNAs were described to modulate lymphocyte activation by regulating pathways such as NFAT, NFκB, MYC, interferon and TCR/BCR signalling (NRON, NKILA, BCALM, GAS5, PVT1), and cell effector functions (IFNG-AS1, TH2-LCR). Here we review lncRNA involvement in adaptive immunity and the implications for autoimmune diseases (multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis) and T/B cell leukaemias and lymphomas (CLL, MCL, DLBCL, T-ALL). It is becoming clear that lncRNAs are important in adaptive immune response and provide new insights into its orchestration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Faria Zeni
- Molecular Medicine, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Mraz
- Molecular Medicine, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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Zou H, Wu LX, Tan L, Shang FF, Zhou HH. Significance of Single-Nucleotide Variants in Long Intergenic Non-protein Coding RNAs. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:347. [PMID: 32523949 PMCID: PMC7261909 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) are the most common genetic variants and universally present in the human genome. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified a great number of disease or trait-associated variants, many of which are located in non-coding regions. Long intergenic non-protein coding RNAs (lincRNAs) are the major subtype of long non-coding RNAs; lincRNAs play crucial roles in various disorders and cellular models via multiple mechanisms. With rapid growth in the number of the identified lincRNAs and genetic variants, there is great demand for an investigation of SNVs in lincRNAs. Hence, in this article, we mainly summarize the significant role of SNVs within human lincRNA regions. Some pivotal variants may serve as risk factors for the development of various disorders, especially cancer. They may also act as important regulatory signatures involved in the modulation of lincRNAs in a tissue- or disorder-specific manner. An increasing number of researches indicate that lincRNA variants would potentially provide additional options for genetic testing and disease risk assessment in the personalized medicine era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hecun Zou
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lan-Xiang Wu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lihong Tan
- Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, China.,Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fei-Fei Shang
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong-Hao Zhou
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Ghetti M, Vannini I, Storlazzi CT, Martinelli G, Simonetti G. Linear and circular PVT1 in hematological malignancies and immune response: two faces of the same coin. Mol Cancer 2020; 19:69. [PMID: 32228602 PMCID: PMC7104523 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-020-01187-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Non coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as regulators of human carcinogenesis by affecting the expression of key tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes. They are divided into short and long ncRNAs, according to their length. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are included in the second group and were recently discovered as being originated by back-splicing, joining either single or multiple exons, or exons with retained introns. The human Plasmacytoma Variant Translocation 1 (PVT1) gene maps on the long arm of chromosome 8 (8q24) and encodes for 52 ncRNAs variants, including 26 linear and 26 circular isoforms, and 6 microRNAs. PVT1 genomic locus is 54 Kb downstream to MYC and several interactions have been described among these two genes, including a feedback regulatory mechanism. MYC-independent functions of PVT1/circPVT1 have been also reported, especially in the regulation of immune responses. We here review and discuss the role of both PVT1 and circPVT1 in the hematopoietic system. No information is currently available concerning their transforming ability in hematopoietic cells. However, present literature supports their cooperation with a more aggressive and/or undifferentiated cell phenotype, thus contributing to cancer progression. PVT1/circPVT1 upregulation through genomic amplification or rearrangements and/or increased transcription, provides a proliferative advantage to malignant cells in acute myeloid leukemia, acute promyelocytic leukemia, Burkitt lymphoma, multiple myeloma (linear PVT1) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (circPVT1). In addition, PVT1 and circPVT1 regulate immune responses: the overexpression of the linear form in myeloid derived suppressor cells induced immune tolerance in preclinical tumor models and circPVT1 showed immunosuppressive properties in myeloid and lymphoid cell subsets. Overall, these recent data on PVT1 and circPVT1 functions in hematological malignancies and immune responses reflect two faces of the same coin: involvement in cancer progression by promoting a more aggressive phenotype of malignant cells and negative regulation of the immune system as a novel potential therapy-resistance mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Ghetti
- Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, FC, Italy
| | - Ivan Vannini
- Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, FC, Italy.
| | | | - Giovanni Martinelli
- Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, FC, Italy
| | - Giorgia Simonetti
- Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, FC, Italy
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Zheng C, Xiao Y, Li Y, He D. Knockdown of long non-coding RNA PVT1 inhibits the proliferation of Raji cells through cell cycle regulation. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:1225-1234. [PMID: 31423183 PMCID: PMC6607259 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) has been reported to be associated with oncogenesis. However, the functional role of PVT1 in Burkitt lymphoma has not yet been addressed. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of PVT1 knockdown by small interfering RNA (siRNA) on the proliferation of Burkitt lymphoma Raji cells and to explore its possible mechanism of action. An effective siRNA targeting PVT1 was screened and the corresponding short hairpin RNA (shRNA) was reconstructed into a lentiviral vector. Cell proliferation and cell cycle distribution were assessed by Cell Counting kit-8 assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Protein expression levels of c-Myc, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor1A (CDKN1A, P21) and cyclin E1 (CCNE1) were detected by western blotting. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array was used to analyse the expression of genes associated with the cell cycle. PVT1 knockdown markedly suppressed proliferation, and induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase in Raji cells. Protein expression levels of c-Myc and CCNE1 were reduced, whereas P21 protein expression was markedly increased following downregulation of PVT1 in Raji cells. The cell cycle PCR array revealed that 54 genes were upregulated and 26 genes were downregulated in Raji cells following PVT1 knockdown. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR demonstrated that cyclin G2 (CCNG2), CDKN1A, Retinoblastoma-like 2 (RBL2, p130), HUS1 checkpoint homolog, cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 3 (CDKN3) and cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (CDKN1B) expression were upregulated, whereas the expression levels of CCNE1, cyclin D1 (CCND1) and cell division cycle 20 (CDC20) were downregulated in Raji cells with PVT1 knockdown. In conclusion, PVT1 knockdown may inhibit the proliferation of Raji cells by arresting cells in G0/G1 phase. Furthermore, inhibition of cell proliferation may be associated with a reduction inc-Myc expression and alterations in the expression levels of cell cycle-associated genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanli Zheng
- Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Yu Xiao
- Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Yangqiu Li
- Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Dongmei He
- Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
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Zou H, Zhou HH. WITHDRAWN: Single nucleotide polymorphism, a putative driver for the role of long intergeneric non-coding RNA. Cancer Lett 2018:S0304-3835(18)30691-8. [PMID: 30503557 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hecun Zou
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hong-Hao Zhou
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Huang C, Yuan N, Wu L, Wang X, Dai J, Song P, Li F, Xu C, Zhao X. An integrated analysis for long noncoding RNAs and microRNAs with the mediated competing endogenous RNA network in papillary renal cell carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:4037-4050. [PMID: 28860812 PMCID: PMC5565391 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s141951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) is the second most common subtype of renal cell carcinoma, and it lacks effective therapeutic targets and prognostic molecular biomarkers. Attention has been increasingly focused on long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which can act as competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to compete for shared microRNAs (miRNAs) in the tumorigenesis of human tumors. Therefore, to clarify the functional roles of lncRNAs with respect to the mediated ceRNA network in PRCC, we comprehensively integrated expression profiles, including data on mRNAs, lncRNAs and miRNAs obtained from 289 PRCC tissues and 32 normal tissues in The Cancer Genome Atlas. As a result, we identified 2,197 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) and 84 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) using a threshold of |log2 (fold change)| >2.0 and an adjusted P-value <0.05. To determine the hub DEmRNAs that could be key target genes, a weighted gene co-expression network analysis was performed. A total of 28 hub DEmRNAs were identified as potential target genes. Seven dysregulated DEmiRNAs were identified that were significantly associated with the 28 hub potential target genes. In addition, we found that 16 differentially expressed lncRNAs were able to interact with the DEmiRNAs. Finally, we used Cytoscape software to visualize the ceRNA network with these differently expressed molecules. From these results, we believe that the identified ceRNA network plays a crucial role in the process of PRCC deterioration, and some of the identified genes are strongly related to clinical prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuiguo Huang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou
| | - Naijun Yuan
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Jinan University, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Jinan University, Guangzhou
| | - Liying Wu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Hainan
| | - Xiaofu Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou
| | - Junqiang Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou
| | - Pan Song
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou
| | - Fengxi Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Changbao Xu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou
| | - Xinghua Zhao
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou
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Li X, Chen W, Wang H, Wei Q, Ding X, Li W. Amplification and the clinical significance of circulating cell-free DNA of PVT1 in breast cancer. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:465-471. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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