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Yip L, Thomas EF, Amiot C, Louis WR, McGarty C. Autonomous Motives Foster Sustained Commitment to Action: Integrating Self-Determination Theory and the Social Identity Approach. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN 2024; 50:750-765. [PMID: 36680466 DOI: 10.1177/01461672221148396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Social change movements may take years or decades to achieve their goals and thus require ongoing efforts from their supporters. We apply the insights of self-determination theory to examine sustained collective action over time. We expected that autonomous motivation, but not controlled motivation, would predict sustained action. We also examine whether autonomous motivation shapes and is shaped by social identification as a supporter of the cause. Longitudinal data were collected from supporters of global poverty reduction (N = 263) at two timepoints 1 year apart. Using latent change score modeling, we found that increases in autonomous motivation positively predicted increases in opinion-based group identification, which in turn predicted increases in self-reported collective action. Controlled motivation (Time 1) negatively predicted changes in action. We concluded that autonomous motivation predicts sustained action over time, while promoting controlled motives for action may backfire because it may undermine identification with the cause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisette Yip
- Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Emma F Thomas
- Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | | | | | - Craig McGarty
- Western Sydney University, New South Wales, Australia
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Xiong M, Hu ZQ, Ye YD. Association of relative deprivation with social withdrawal and its underlying mechanisms: A large cross-sectional study among Chinese migrant adolescents. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03194-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Eker I, Cichocka A, Sibley CG. Investigating motivations underlying collective narcissism and in-group identification. GROUP PROCESSES & INTERGROUP RELATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/13684302221081470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We draw on self-determination theory and research on religious orientations to investigate motivations associated with collective narcissism—a belief in in-group greatness that is underappreciated by others—versus secure in-group identity, an unpretentious positive regard for the in-group. Four surveys examined these associations focusing on different social identities: personally important groups (Study 1, N = 212), nationalities (Study 2, N = 196), and religious groups (Study 3, N = 1,690; Study 4, N = 399). In Studies 1, 2, and 4, self-determined motivations were associated with secure in-group identity, whereas non-self-determined motivations were related to collective narcissism. In Studies 3 and 4, intrinsic religiosity was related to collective narcissism and secure in-group identity, while extrinsic personal religiosity was associated with collective narcissism only. Results indicate that collective narcissism is motivated by seeking external and internal rewards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irem Eker
- Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Turkey
- University of Kent, UK
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Opposite associations of collective narcissism and in-group satisfaction with intergroup aggression via belief in the hedonistic function of revenge. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247814. [PMID: 33690667 PMCID: PMC7946200 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated whether collective narcissism (i.e., believing that the in-group is exceptional but insufficiently recognized by others) and in-group satisfaction (i.e., believing that the in-group is a source of satisfaction) have opposite, unique associations with intergroup aggression via belief in the hedonistic function of revenge (i.e., an expectation of emotional reward from harming others in response to feeling oneself harmed). Results of two studies conducted in Poland (N = 675) found that collective narcissism is positively related to belief in the hedonistic function of revenge, whereas in-group satisfaction is negatively related, and both are related to intergroup aggression. These relationships were found only when the overlap between collective narcissism and in-group satisfaction was partialled out. The results shed a new light on the mechanisms linking in-group positivity to out-group derogation, and highlight the importance of investigating revenge motivations in the intergroup relations.
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Bocian K, Cichocka A, Wojciszke B. Moral tribalism: Moral judgments of actions supporting ingroup interests depend on collective narcissism. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2020.104098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Abstract
We investigated gender segregation and its correlates in the friendships of U.S. adults aged 50-74 years (177 women; 52 men). Gender segregation existed in our midlife sample such that 74% of friend nominations were same gender. Similar to research on other periods of the adult lifespan we found that for women, gender segregation was negatively correlated with competitive activity orientation, positively correlated with beliefs about same-gender peers' communicative responsiveness and negatively correlated with beliefs about other-gender peers' communicative responsiveness. Women's gender segregation was also negatively correlated with masculinity and positively correlated with gender-reference group identity. For men, gender segregation was negatively correlated with beliefs about other-gender peers' communicative responsiveness and positively correlated with gender-reference group identity. Our results suggest that gender segregation continues to exist at midlife and that there is some continuity in the correlates of gender segregation across adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare Mehta
- 10645 Department of Psychology, Emmanuel College, Boston, MA, USA
- Division for Adolescent Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jenna Wilson
- 5631 Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
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Dziura SL, Thompson JC. Temporal Dynamics of the Neural Representation of Social Relationships. J Neurosci 2020; 40:9078-9087. [PMID: 33067364 PMCID: PMC7673000 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2818-19.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans can rapidly encode information from faces to support social judgments and facilitate interactions with others. We can also recall complex knowledge about those individuals, such as their social relationships with others, but the time course of this process has not been examined in detail. This study addressed the temporal dynamics of emerging visual and social relationship information using EEG and representational similarity analysis. Participants (female = 23, male = 10) became familiar with a 10-person social network, and were then shown faces of that network's members while EEG was recorded. To examine the temporal dynamics of the cognitive processes related to face perception, we compared the similarity structure of neural pattern responses to models of visual processing, face shape similarity, person identity, and social relationships. We found that all types of information are associated with neural patterns after a face is seen. Visual models became significant early after image onset, and identity across a change in facial expression was uniquely associated with neural patterns at several points throughout the time course. Additionally, a model reflecting perceived frequency of social interaction was present beginning at ∼110 ms, even in the absence of an explicit task to think about the relationships among the network members. This study highlights the speed and salience of social information relating to group dynamics that are present in the brain during person perception.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT We live our lives in social groups where complex relationships form among and around us. It is likely that some of the information about social relationships that we observe is integral during person perception, to better help us interact in differing situations with a variety of people. However, when exactly this information becomes relevant has been unclear. In this study, we present evidence that information reflecting observed relationships among a social network is spontaneously represented in whole-brain patterns shortly following presentation of a face. These results are consistent with neuroimaging studies showing spontaneous spatial representation of social network characteristics, and contribute novel insights into the timing of these neural processes.
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Brexit and Polexit: Collective narcissism is associated with support for leaving the European Union. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL BULLETIN 2020. [DOI: 10.32872/spb.2645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In three studies we examine the link between types of national identity and support for leaving the European Union (EU). We found that national collective narcissism (but not national identification without the narcissistic component) was positively associated with a willingness to vote Leave, over and above the effect of political orientation. This pattern was observed in a representative Polish sample (Study 1, n = 635), as well as in samples of Polish youth (Study 2, n = 219), and both Polish (n = 73) and British (n = 60) professionals employed in the field of international relations (Study 3). In Studies 2 and 3 this effect was mediated by biased EU membership perceptions. The role of defensive versus secure forms of in-group identification in shaping support for EU membership is discussed.
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Kachanoff FJ, Cooligan F, Caouette J, Wohl MJA. Free to fly the rainbow flag: the relation between collective autonomy and psychological well-being amongst LGBTQ+ individuals. SELF AND IDENTITY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/15298868.2020.1768890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Frank J. Kachanoff
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Fiona Cooligan
- Department of Psychology, Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julie Caouette
- Department of Psychology, Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Marchlewska M, Cichocka A, Jaworska M, Golec de Zavala A, Bilewicz M. Superficial ingroup love? Collective narcissism predicts ingroup image defense, outgroup prejudice, and lower ingroup loyalty. BRITISH JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 59:857-875. [DOI: 10.1111/bjso.12367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Kachanoff FJ, Wohl MJA, Koestner R, Taylor DM. Them, Us, and I: How Group Contexts Influence Basic Psychological Needs. CURRENT DIRECTIONS IN PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/0963721419884318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Here, we integrate two influential psychological theories: social-identity theory and self-determination theory. Whereas social-identity theory considers how social identities impact the self, self-determination theory elucidates the psychological necessity of feeling related, competent, and autonomous. In this article, we outline and provide justification for a unified theoretical framework that considers how perceptions of personal relatedness, competence, and autonomy are influenced by perceptions that one’s social group is related, competent, and autonomous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank J. Kachanoff
- Management & Organizations Department, Kellogg School of Management, Northwestern University
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Dyduch-Hazar K, Mrozinski B, Golec de Zavala A. Collective Narcissism and In-Group Satisfaction Predict Opposite Attitudes Toward Refugees via Attribution of Hostility. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1901. [PMID: 31551847 PMCID: PMC6737048 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined whether and why collective narcissism (i.e., resentment for insufficient recognition of the in-group's importance) versus in-group satisfaction (i.e., a belief that the in-group and one's membership in it are reasons to be proud) have opposite, unique associations with hostility toward Syrian refugees in Poland. Results of two cross-sectional studies (Study 1, N = 1066 and Study 2, N = 419) converge to indicate that collective narcissism predicts hostility toward Syrian refugees via attributing Syrian refugees with hostile intentions toward Poles. In-group satisfaction is associated with rejection of hostile actions toward Syrian refugees because it decreases hostile attribution bias with regards to Syrian refugees. Thus, being a satisfied member of a national group promotes tolerance toward refugees, while collective narcissism is associated with blaming refugees for provoking the in-group's hostility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Dyduch-Hazar
- Institute of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Blazej Mrozinski
- Institute of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Poznań, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Golec de Zavala
- Institute of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Poznań, Poland
- Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, London, United Kingdom
- University Institute of Lisbon (ISCTE), Lisbon, Portugal
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Golec de Zavala A. Collective Narcissism and In-Group Satisfaction Are Associated With Different Emotional Profiles and Psychological Wellbeing. Front Psychol 2019; 10:203. [PMID: 30837908 PMCID: PMC6383489 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The social identity approach to wellbeing posits that social identifications provide psychological resources that contribute to individual wellbeing. Unless individuals identify with stigmatized groups or groups whose norms prescribe damaging behaviors, identifying with groups seems beneficial. This article explores the possibility that the different ways individuals approach the same social identity (labeled collective narcissism vs. in-group satisfaction) may be differentially associated with wellbeing. Results of four studies indicate that collective narcissism (a belief that the in-group's exceptionality is not sufficiently appreciated by others) vs. in-group satisfaction, (a belief that the in-group is of a high value), although positively correlated, are associated with different emotional profiles. In Study 1A (N = 570, in Poland) and Study 1B (N = 778, in the United States), collective narcissism was uniquely positively associated with negative emotionality, whereas in-group satisfaction was positively associated with positive emotionality and negatively associated with negative emotionality. In Study 2 (N = 569, in Poland), collective narcissism and in-group satisfaction had opposite unique links with social connectedness, gratitude and self-criticism. In Study 3 (N = 393, in Poland), collective narcissism, but not in-group satisfaction, was associated with sensory processing sensitivity, genetically determined hypersensitivity to negative stimuli. Collective narcissism was associated with life satisfaction only via its link to in-group satisfaction. Together these results suggest that dispositional negative emotionality may incline individuals toward collective narcissism. The positive overlap with in-group satisfaction may link collective narcissism to the benefits of social identification and wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Golec de Zavala
- Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Poznań, Poland
- ISCTE – Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Cichocka A, de Zavala AG, Marchlewska M, Bilewicz M, Jaworska M, Olechowski M. Personal control decreases narcissistic but increases non-narcissistic in-group positivity. J Pers 2017; 86:465-480. [DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Agnieszka Golec de Zavala
- Goldsmiths, University of London
- University of Social Sciences and Humanities; Poznan Poland
- ISCTE CIS; Lisbon Portugal
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Cichocka A. Understanding defensive and secure in-group positivity: The role of collective narcissism. EUROPEAN REVIEW OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10463283.2016.1252530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Thomas EF, McGarty C, Mavor K. Group interaction as the crucible of social identity formation: A glimpse at the foundations of social identities for collective action. GROUP PROCESSES & INTERGROUP RELATIONS 2015. [DOI: 10.1177/1368430215612217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Many of the world’s biggest problems are being tackled through the formation of new groups yet very little research has directly observed the processes by which new groups form to respond to social problems. The current paper draws on seminal research by Lewin (1947) to advance a perspective as to how such identities form through processes of small group interaction. Multilevel structural equation modelling involving 58 small group discussions (with N = 234) demonstrates that focused group discussion can boost the commitment to take collective action, beliefs in the efficacy of that action, and members’ social identification with other supporters of the cause. The results are consistent with the new commitment to action flowing from emergent social identities.
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Riggio HR, Uhalt J, Matthies BK. Unanswered Prayers: Religiosity and the God-Serving Bias. The Journal of Social Psychology 2014; 154:491-514. [DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2014.953024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Amiot CE, Sansfaçon S, Louis WR. How normative and social identification processes predict self-determination to engage in derogatory behaviours against outgroup hockey fans. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejsp.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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