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Yoshida T, Kawai T, Hagiwara K, Yanagida K, Noda M, Tokura Y, Yoshimura I, Kaneko T, Nakagawa T. Lower pretreatment serum testosterone level predicts poor prognosis in the patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer undergoing androgen deprivation therapy. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2024; 54:498-503. [PMID: 38251778 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyad190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to reveal the association between pretreatment serum testosterone levels and prognosis in patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer treated with androgen deprivation therapy. METHODS A total of 91 patients were included in this retrospective study. Clinical data were obtained through chart review. Multivariate cox proportional hazards analyses addressed the impact of variables on castration-resistant prostate cancer-free and overall survivals. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 41.7 months, 61 (67%) and 49 (54%) patients developed castration-resistant prostate cancer and died, respectively. The median castration-resistant prostate cancer-free and overall survivals were 15.5 and 59.9 months, respectively. The cutoff value for discriminating between low- and high-testosterone levels was determined as 450 ng/dl by calculating the receiver operating characteristic curve. Patients in the low-testosterone group (n = 37) had a significantly higher body mass index, worse comorbidities represented by the higher Charlson comorbidity index and higher serum lactate dehydrogenase levels, than those in the high-testosterone group (n = 54). Castration-resistant prostate cancer free and overall survivals were significantly shorter in the low-testosterone group than in the high-testosterone group (P = 0.021 and P < 0.001, respectively). Multivariate analysis identified testosterone level of <450 ng/dl as an independent factor predicting development of castration-resistant prostate cancer (hazard ratio 2.28, P = 0.007), along with high-volume disease and Gleason score 9-10. Similarly, testosterone level of <450 ng/dl was independently associated with shorter overall survival (hazard ratio 2.84, P = 0.006), along with higher Charlson comorbidity index, visceral metastasis and higher alkaline phosphatase level. CONCLUSIONS Lower baseline serum testosterone levels predict poor prognosis in patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Yoshida
- Department of Urology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taketo Kawai
- Department of Urology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kanade Hagiwara
- Department of Urology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuki Yanagida
- Department of Urology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michio Noda
- Department of Urology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuumi Tokura
- Department of Urology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Itsuki Yoshimura
- Department of Urology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Kaneko
- Department of Urology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tohru Nakagawa
- Department of Urology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Wong HMC, Chiu PKF, Puche-Sanz I, Xue Z, Chen DN, Gomez-Gomez E, Heidegger I, Kafka M, Wei Y, Sakamoto S, Ng ACF. Lower baseline testosterone level is related to earlier development of castration resistance in metastatic prostate cancer: a multi-center cohort study. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1321522. [PMID: 38444678 PMCID: PMC10913891 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1321522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose In the era of concurrent combination therapy in metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer, the impact of the testosterone level before initiating androgen deprivation therapy on treatment outcome is still uncertain. We aimed to investigate its effect on time-to-castration-resistance in a metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer cohort. Methods This is a multi-center retrospective study of 5 databases from China, Japan, Austria and Spain including 258 metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer patients with androgen deprivation therapy initiated between 2002 and 2021. Baseline testosterone was divided into high and low groups using 12 nmol/L as cutoff level. Primary outcome was time-to-castration-resistance. Secondary outcomes were survival functions. Kaplan-Meier method was employed to evaluate the correlation between baseline testosterone and time-to-castration-resistance. Subgroup analysis was performed to elucidate the effect of upfront combination-therapy and metastatic volume. Results Median age was 72 years. Median follow-up time was 31 months. Median pre-treatment prostate-specific-antigen level was 161 ng/mL. Majority of case were graded as International-Society-of-Urological-Pathology grade 5 (63.6%). 57.8% patients had high volume disease and 69.0% received upfront combination treatment. 44.6% of the cohort developed castration-resistance. The low testosterone group demonstrated shorter mean-time-to-castration-resistance (19.0 vs 22.4 months, p=0.031). The variance was more significant in patients without combination therapy (13.2 vs 26.3 months, p=0.015). Cancer-specific and overall survival were inferior in the low baseline testosterone level group without receiving combination therapy (p=0.001). Conclusions Lower pre-treatment testosterone level is correlated to shorter time-to-castration resistance and worse survival in metastatic prostate cancer patients without upfront combination therapy. Those with low baseline testosterone should be encouraged to adopt combination therapy to delay progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Ming Chris Wong
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, North District Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Peter Ka-Fung Chiu
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ignacio Puche-Sanz
- Department of Urology, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - Zhao Xue
- Department of Urology, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Dong-Ning Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Enrique Gomez-Gomez
- Department of Urology, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - Isabel Heidegger
- Department of Urology, Medizinische Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mona Kafka
- Department of Urology, Medizinische Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Yong Wei
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | | | - Anthony Chi Fai Ng
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, North District Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Puche-Sanz I, Chiu P, Morillo AC, Gomez-Gomez E. Prognostic impact of serum testosterone in metastatic hormone-naive prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Curr Opin Urol 2023; 33:472-481. [PMID: 37747431 DOI: 10.1097/mou.0000000000001132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In daily practice, there is an unmet medical need for biomarkers that facilitate therapeutic decision-making in the metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) scenario. Although recent studies have highlighted the potential of testosterone as a prognostic and predictive marker in prostate cancer, the evidence is controversial. The objective of this review was to summarize and analyze the scientific evidence regarding the prognostic role of basal testosterone levels in patients with mHSPC. METHODS A systematic review was performed. Three authors selected the articles from Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library electronic databases. Risk of bias was assessed by the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. RECENT FINDINGS Most of the selected articles suggest that low testosterone levels before starting hormonal blockade imply a worse prognosis for patients with mHSPC. However, the quality of the evidence is poor, the studies are heterogeneous, and it is not possible to meta-analyze most of the published results. SUMMARY Testosterone is an accessible and affordable biomarker. If it were correctly demonstrated that it harbors a prognostic and/or predictive role in the mHSPC setting, it could represent an advance in decision-making in these patients. Well designed prospective studies are needed to correctly answer this question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Puche-Sanz
- Department of Urology. Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS. Granada. Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - Peter Chiu
- SH Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ana C Morillo
- Department of Urology. Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, IMIBIC, UCO, Córdoba. Spain
| | - Enrique Gomez-Gomez
- Department of Urology. Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, IMIBIC, UCO, Córdoba. Spain
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4
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Development of castration resistance in prostate cancer patients treated with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogues (LHRHa): results of the ANARESISTANCE study. World J Urol 2022; 40:2459-2466. [PMID: 36057895 PMCID: PMC9512882 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-022-04108-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Evaluate the percentage of patients with prostate cancer treated with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogues (LHRHa) that develop castration resistance after a follow-up period of 3 years. The secondary objective is to evaluate the variables potentially related to the progression to castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Methods A post-authorization, nation-wide, multicenter, prospective, observational, and longitudinal study that included 416 patients treated with LHRHa between 2012 and 2017 is presented. Patients were followed for 3 years or until development of CRPC, thus completing a per-protocol population of 350 patients. A Cox regression analysis was carried out to evaluate factors involved in progression to CRPC. Results After 3 years of treatment with LHRHa 18.2% of patients developed CRPC. In contrast, in the subgroup analysis, 39.6% of the metastatic patients developed CRPC, compared with 8.8% of the non-metastatic patients. The patients with the highest risk of developing CRPC were those with a nadir prostate-specific antigen (PSA) > 2 ng/ml (HR 21.6; 95% CI 11.7–39.8; p < 0.001) and those receiving concomitant medication, most commonly bicalutamide (HR 1.8; 95% CI 1–3.1, p = 0.0431). Conclusions The proportion of metastatic patients developing CRPC after 3 years of treatment with LHRHa is consistent with what has been previously described in the literature. In addition, this study provides new findings on CRPC in non-metastatic patients. Concomitant medication and nadir PSA are statistically significant predictive factors for the time to diagnosis of CRPC, the nadir PSA being the strongest predictor. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00345-022-04108-x.
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Yu EM, Aragon-Ching JB. Advances with androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2022; 23:1015-1033. [PMID: 35108137 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2022.2033210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) has been a treatment of choice for prostate cancer in almost all phases, particularly in the locally advanced, metastatic setting in both hormone-sensitive and castration-resistant diseaseand in those who are unfit for any local therapy. Different ways of administering ADT comes in the form of surgical or chemical castration with the use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH-agonists) being the foremost way of delivering ADT. AREAS COVERED This review encompasses ADT history, use of leuprolide, degarelix, and relugolix, with contextual use of ADT in combination with androgen-signaling inhibitors and potential mechanisms of resistance. Novel approaches with regard to hormone therapy are also discussed. EXPERT OPINION The use of GnRH-agonists and GnRH-antagonists yields efficacy that is likely equivalent in resulting in testosterone suppression. While the side-effect profile with ADT are generally equivalent, effects on cardiovascular morbidity may be improved with the use of oral relugolix though this is noted with caution since the cardiovascular side-effects were a result of secondary subgroup analyses. The choice of ADT hinges upon cost, availability, ease of administration, and preference amongst physicians and patients alike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Mi Yu
- GU Medical Oncology, Inova Schar Cancer Institute, Fairfax, VA, USA
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6
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Adekoya TO, Smith N, Aladeniyi T, Blumer JB, Chen XL, Richardson RM. Activator of G protein signaling 3 modulates prostate tumor development and progression. Carcinogenesis 2020; 40:1504-1513. [PMID: 31215992 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgz076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a leading cause of cancer death among men, with greater prevalence of the disease among the African American population in the USA. Activator of G-protein signaling 3 (AGS3/G-protein signaling modulator 1) was shown to be overexpressed in prostate adenocarcinoma relative to the prostate gland. In this study, we investigated the correlation between AGS3 overexpression and PCa malignancy. Immunoblotting analysis and real-time quantitative-PCR showed increase in AGS3 expression in the metastatic cell lines LNCaP (~3-fold), MDA PCa 2b (~2-fold), DU 145 (~2-fold) and TRAMP-C1 (~20-fold) but not in PC3 (~1-fold), relative to control RWPE-1. Overexpression of AGS3 in PC3, LNCaP and MDA PCa 2b enhanced tumor growth. AGS3 contains seven tetratricopeptide repeats (TPR) and four G-protein regulatory (GPR) motifs. Overexpression of the TPR or the GPR motifs in PC3 cells had no effect in tumor growth. Depletion of AGS3 in the TRAMP-C1 cells (TRAMP-C1-AGS3-/-) decreased cell proliferation and delayed wound healing and tumor growth in both C57BL/6 (~3-fold) and nude mice xenografts, relative to control TRAMP-C1 cells. TRAMP-C1-AGS3-/- tumors also exhibited a marked increase (~5-fold) in both extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 and P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation, which correlated with a significant increase (~3-fold) in androgen receptor (AR) expression, relative to TRAMP-C1 xenografts. Interestingly, overexpression of AGS3 in TRAMP-C1-AGS3-/- cells inhibited ERK activation and AR overexpression as compared with control TRAMP-C1 cells. Taken together, the data indicate that the effect of AGS3 in prostate cancer development and progression is probably mediated via a MAPK/AR-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy O Adekoya
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Nikia Smith
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Temilade Aladeniyi
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Joe B Blumer
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Xiaoxin L Chen
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ricardo M Richardson
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, USA
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7
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Chen C, Cai Z, Zhuo Y, Xi M, Lin Z, Jiang F, Liu Z, Wan Y, Zheng Y, Li J, Zhou X, Zhu J, Zhong W. Overexpression of SLC6A1 associates with drug resistance and poor prognosis in prostate cancer. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:289. [PMID: 32252682 PMCID: PMC7137497 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-06776-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Solute Carrier Family 6 Member 1 (SLC6A1) has been identified as a cancer-promoting gene in various human cancers, such as clear cell renal cell carcinoma and ovarian cancer. However, its roles in prostate cancer (PCa) has not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression and clinical significance of SLC6A1 in PCa tissues and its effect on drug resistance to docetaxel in PCa. Methods Expression patterns of SLC6A1 protein in PCa tissues were examined by immunohistochemistry based on Tissue microarray. Associations of SLC6A1 protein expression with various clinicopathological features and patients’ prognosis of PCa were also statistically evaluated based on TCGA data. Roles of SLC6A1 deregulation in prostate carcinogenesis and drug resistance was further determined in vitro and in vivo experiments. Results Based on TCGA Dataset, SLC6A1 expression was markedly higher in patients with high Gleason score, advanced clinical stage and positive biochemical recurrence than those with control features (all P < 0.05). Both unvariate and multivariate analyses demonstrated that SLC6A1 expression was significantly associated with biochemical recurrence-free survival in PCa patients. In addition, enforced expression of SLC6A1 effectively promoted cell proliferation, migration and invasion of PCa cells in vitro. Moreover, the inhibition of SLC6A1 suppressed the tumor growth in vivo. Additionally, immunohistochemical notches of PCNA and MMP-9 in the low-expression cluster were pointedly lower compared to those of NC group. Finally, the cell viability revealed that the overexpression of SLC6A1 obviously promoted the PCa cell resistant to docetaxel (DTX), and the transplanted tumor in the overexpression group had no significant reduction compared with the untreated group. Conclusions Our data suggest that SLC6A1 overexpression may be associated with aggressive progression and short biochemical recurrence-free survival of PCa, and may be related to the resistance to docetaxel therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaojiang Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, China.,Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiduan Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, China
| | - Yangjia Zhuo
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, China
| | - Ming Xi
- Department of Urology, Huadu District People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510800, China
| | - Zhuoyuan Lin
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Funeng Jiang
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, China
| | - Zezhen Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, China
| | - Yueping Wan
- Department of Urology, Huadu District People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510800, China
| | - Yu Zheng
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianxin Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing Zhou
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianguo Zhu
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550002, China.
| | - Weide Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China. .,Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, China. .,Department of Urology, Huadu District People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510800, China. .,Urology Key Laboratory of Guangdong Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510230, China.
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8
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Ma Z, Chao F, Wang S, Song Z, Zhuo Z, Zhang J, Xu G, Chen G. CTHRC1 affects malignant tumor cell behavior and is regulated by miR-30e-5p in human prostate cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 525:418-424. [PMID: 32102754 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.02.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Collagen Triple Helix Repeat Containing 1 (CTHRC1) has been picked out as a cancer-related, secreted glycoprotein that possesses multifaceted functions such as wound repair, the formation of adipose tissue, hepatocytes fibrosis, and bone remodeling. This study aims to explore the biological function and the profound regulative mechanism of CTHRC1 in human prostate cancer (PCa). We found that CTHRC1 was upregulated in patients with PCa. The knockdown of CTHRC1 suppressed PCa cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and colony formation significantly. The expression of CTHRC1 was down-regulated and up-regulated by miR-30e-5p mimics and inhibitors, respectively, in PCa cells. The dual-luciferase reporter assay validated the binding of miR-30e-5p with CTHRC1 mRNA, indicating the regulation of CTHC1 by miR-30e-5p. In consequence, this study demonstrated that CTHRC1 acts as an oncogenic gene and targeting the miR-30e-5p-CTHRC1 axis may provide novel therapeutic treatment for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Ma
- Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Fan Chao
- Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Shiyu Wang
- Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Zhenyu Song
- Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhuo
- Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Jinguo Zhang
- Research Center for Clinical Research, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Guoxiong Xu
- Research Center for Clinical Research, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China.
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Aberrant KIF20A Expression Is Associated with Adverse Clinical Outcome and Promotes Tumor Progression in Prostate Cancer. DISEASE MARKERS 2019; 2019:4782730. [PMID: 31565099 PMCID: PMC6745134 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4782730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Purpose KIF20A is essential in the process of spindle assembly and cytokinesis regulation. The role of KIF20A during tumorigenesis and tumor development has been well studied in several cancers. But the association between the KIF20A clinical role and prostate cancer (PCa) has not been reported yet. In this study, we investigated its potential prognostic effect and its role in progression of prostate cancer. Methods Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blots were used to investigate the KIF20A transcription and translation levels in 7 pairs of fresh PCa tissue and adjacent normal prostate tissue. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to investigate the KIF20A protein level in 114 PCa tissue samples. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to analyze the effect of KIF20A in oncologic prognosis in PCa patients. MTT assay, transwell assay, and colony formation assay in vitro and tumor formation assay in vivo were performed to evaluate the biological behavior of KIF20A in prostate cancer. Results KIF20A was significantly elevated in tumor tissue compared with normal prostate tissue at both the mRNA and the protein level. High expression of KIF20A at the protein level was correlated with adverse clinicopathological features. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the high KIF20A expression group has a poor biochemical recurrence- (BCR-) free survival. Knocking down KIF20A suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of the prostate cancer cell both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions Our data demonstrated that the high expression of KIF20A was associated with poor clinical outcome and targeting KIF20A could reduce proliferation, migration, and invasion of the prostate cancer cell, indicating that KIF20A might be a potential prognostic and therapeutic target for PCa patients.
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10
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Jadvar H, Velez EM, Desai B, Ji L, Colletti PM, Quinn DI. Prediction of Time to Hormonal Treatment Failure in Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer with 18F-FDG PET/CT. J Nucl Med 2019; 60:1524-1530. [PMID: 30926649 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.118.223263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this prospective investigation was to assess the association of 18F-FDG PET/CT with time to hormonal treatment failure (THTF) in men with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer. Methods: 76 men with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer recruited from 2005 to 2011 underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT and were followed prospectively for THTF, defined as treatment change to chemotherapy or death. Patients who had not switched to chemotherapy were censored at the last follow-up date (median of 36 mo; range, 12-108 mo). Cox regression analyses were performed to examine the association between PET/CT measurements: sum of SUVmax, maximum SUVmax, and average SUVmax for up to 10 of the most active lesions and THTF. Survival probabilities were based on the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: 43 patients had hormonal treatment failure, and 8 died without documented treatment failure. Median THTF was 26.5 mo (95% confidence interval [CI], 15.5-46.6 mo). The THTF-free probability at 5 y was 35% ± 6%. On univariate analysis, all PET parameters, including number of lesions, were statistically significant for THTF. In a reduced multivariate model accounting for clinical variables, only sum of SUVmax (hazard ratio, 1.01; 95% CI, 1.002-1.03; P = 0.024) and number of lesions (hazard ratio, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.08-1.29; P < 0.001) were independently associated with THTF. When sum of SUVmax was grouped into quartile ranges, there was a significantly worse survival probability for patients in the fourth-quartile range than in the first, with a univariate hazard ratio of 6.2 (95% CI, 2.8-13.6; P < 0.001). Conclusion: Sum of SUVmax and number of lesions derived from 18F-FDG PET/CT provide independent prognostic information on THTF in men with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Jadvar
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Erik M Velez
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Bhushan Desai
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Lingyun Ji
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; and
| | - Patrick M Colletti
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - David I Quinn
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kenneth J. Norris, Jr., Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
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Claps M, Petrelli F, Caffo O, Amoroso V, Roca E, Mosca A, Maines F, Barni S, Berruti A. Testosterone Levels and Prostate Cancer Prognosis: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2018; 16:165-175.e2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Bolton EM, Lynch T. Are all gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonists equivalent for the treatment of prostate cancer? A systematic review. BJU Int 2018; 122:371-383. [PMID: 29438592 DOI: 10.1111/bju.14168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To review direct comparative studies of the gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists goserelin, triptorelin, and leuprorelin for the treatment of prostate cancer, and identify whether there are meaningful clinical differences between these agents. In June 2017, the following searches were performed independently by two reviewers in PubMed: (i) 'prostate cancer' and 'triptorelin' and 'leuprorelin', (ii) 'prostate cancer' and 'triptorelin' and 'goserelin', and (iii) 'prostate cancer' and 'goserelin' and 'leuprorelin', without time restriction. Duplicates were deleted. Relevant conference abstracts were also screened. A total of 16 direct comparative trials were identified: 12 reported on efficacy outcomes, four on safety/tolerability, and five on the convenience of administration/user perceptions. These studies are restricted in terms of patient numbers, formulations assessed, and endpoints measured; none were adequately powered for survival outcome measures. Studies reporting on efficacy endpoints did not show major differences in the ability of these GnRH agonists to reduce levels of testosterone or prostate-specific antigen. Some studies suggest differences in short- or long-term testosterone control, the rate of injection site adverse events, and patient/healthcare professional perceptions, but definitive conclusions cannot be drawn from the existing evidence. Few direct comparative trials of GnRH agonists have been conducted. Whilst GnRH agonists provide a similar castration effect, there is not enough evidence to show that GnRH agonists are equivalent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva M Bolton
- Department of Urology, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Thomas Lynch
- Department of Urology, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Cognitive function in patients on androgen suppression: A prospective, multicentric study. Actas Urol Esp 2018; 42:114-120. [PMID: 29102054 DOI: 10.1016/j.acuro.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) on cognitive performance (CP) in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) after 6 months of treatment with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) analogues. MATERIAL AND METHODS Prospective, observational, multicentre, open-label study of patients diagnosed with nonmetastatic or asymptomatic metastatic PCa scheduled to receive LHRH analogues for≥6 months. We assessed four CP domains at baseline and after 6 months of ADT: 1) Working memory: Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale III (WAIS III) Digit Span Subtest (WAIS III-Digit); 2) Visual memory: ad hoc visual memory test; 3) Visuospatial ability: Judgement of Line Orientation (JLO) and Mental Rotation of Three-Dimensional Objects (3D-Rotation); and 4) Nonverbal analytical reasoning: WAIS III Matrix Reasoning Test (WAIS III-MRT). Changes outside the baseline 95% confidence intervals were considered significant. RESULTS A total of 308 patients completed the study. Of these, 245 (79.6%) experienced no statistically significant changes on any test and 63 patients (20.4%) experienced significant changes in ≥1 test. Of these, most presented a change in only one test, distributed evenly between improvements (58 patients; 18.8%) and worsening (56 patients; 18.2%). For individual tests, most patients (87.8% to 91.8%) had no change from baseline; however, the significant changes (improvement vs. deterioration, respectively) were as follows: WAIS III-Digit (6.3% vs. 5.9%); visual memory (5.3% vs. 5.7%); JLO (5.3% vs. 4.5%); 3D-Rotation (4.1% vs. 4.1%); and WAIS III-MRT (4.8% vs. 5.8%). CONCLUSIONS CP in patients with PCa does not appear to be adversely affected by 6 months of LHRH analogue administration.
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Tumor Burden and Intraosseous Metabolic Activity as Predictors of Bone Marrow Failure during Radioisotope Therapy in Metastasized Prostate Cancer Patients. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:3905216. [PMID: 29435457 PMCID: PMC5757096 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3905216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Rationale Radium-223-Dichloride (Ra-223) is an alpha-emitter, used to treat bone metastases. Patients with high metastatic burden and/or with increased trabecular bone uptake could present a higher incidence of hematologic toxicity. We hypothesized that these two factors are predictors of bone marrow failure. Material and Methods A computer algorithm discriminated between trabecular bone (BVol) and tumor metastases (MVol) within pretherapeutic whole-body skeletal SPECT/CT (N = 47). The program calculated the metastatic invasion percent (INV%) as the MVol/(MVol + BVol) ratio and extracted the BVol mean counts. BVol counts were correlated to % drop of hemoglobin (Hb), leukocytes (WBC), and platelets (PLT) after 3/6 Ra-223 cycles. Patient-specific and computational-derived parameters were tested as predictors of hematologic toxicity with MANOVA. Results BVol counts correlated with drop of Hb (R = 0,65, p < 0.01) and PLT (R = 0,45, p < 0.01). Appendicular BVol counts showed a better correlation (p < 0.05, p < 0.01, and p < 0.001 for Hb, WBC, and PLT, resp.). INV% directly correlated with BVol counts (R = 0.68, p < 0.001). At MANOVA, grade III/IV toxicity was predicted by INV% (p < 0.01), by long-bone invasion (p < 0.005), and by BVol counts (p < 0.05). Conclusions In patients with significant bone tumor burden, degree of bone invasion and trabecular bone uptake are predictors of subsequent bone marrow failure.
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Triptorelin 3- and 6-month sustained-release formulations in locally advanced or metastatic prostate cancer: a profile of their use in the EU. DRUGS & THERAPY PERSPECTIVES 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40267-017-0413-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Merseburger AS, Hupe MC. An Update on Triptorelin: Current Thinking on Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Prostate Cancer. Adv Ther 2016; 33:1072-93. [PMID: 27246172 PMCID: PMC4939158 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-016-0351-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the mainstay palliative treatment for men with locally advanced and metastatic prostate cancer, and aims to reduce testosterone to levels obtained by surgical castration. Use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists predominates among the ADT options. The GnRH agonist, triptorelin is a first-line hormonal therapy that has demonstrated efficacy and safety in clinical trials of patients with locally advanced non-metastatic or metastatic disease. Sustained-release 1-, 3- and 6-month formulations of triptorelin, administered intramuscularly or subcutaneously, have been developed to provide improved flexibility and convenience for the patient. Head-to-head studies of GnRH agonists are lacking in the field of prostate cancer. Despite the inevitable progression to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) in most patients receiving ADT, monitoring of testosterone levels needs to improve in routine practice and physicians should not overlook the benefits of continued ADT in their patients when introducing one of the various new treatment options for CRPC. For improved survival outcomes, there remains a need to tailor ADT treatment regimens, novel hormonal agents and chemotherapy according to the individual patient with advanced prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marie C Hupe
- University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
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